What's the difference between glyceryl and hydroxyl?
Glyceryl
Definition:
(n.) A compound radical, C3H5, regarded as the essential radical of glycerin. It is metameric with allyl. Called also propenyl.
Example Sentences:
(1) Glyceryl p-aminobenzoate and amyl p-dimethyl-aminobenzoate were labeled on 1 and 3 sunscreens, respectively, but glyceryl p-aminobenzoate was not found in any of them and only traces of amyl p-dimethylaminobenzoate were found in 1 sunscreen.
(2) Above 1.0 mol%, the PY molecules reside preferentially in the neighbourhood of the glyceryl moiety region of the PC vesicles.
(3) In the composition of the water-methanol phase glycerin, serine, ethanolamine, phosphoryl-serine, phosphoryl-ethanolamine, glyceryl-phosphoryl-ethanolamine and glyceryl-phosphoryl-serine were detected by the method of thin-layer paper chromatography.
(4) CO2 production from and uptake of alpha-glyceryl mono (palmitate-1-14C) were studied in an in vitro system using minced rat lung.
(5) The addition of the lower dose of nifedipine to atenolol did not significantly alter the weekly consumption of glyceryl trinitrate or the mean number of anginal attacks as assessed by diary cards.
(6) The effects of bradykinin, but not glyceryl trinitrate, were partially restored after removing methylene blue.
(7) Nitroglycerin (glyceryl trinitrate) is a substance that is metabolized to nitric oxide in the cell.
(8) The soluble platelet activating factor (PAF) produced by mouse embryos was shown to have properties similar to 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glyceryl-3-phosphocholine (PAF-acether).
(9) Glyceryl trinitrate (10 mgl-1) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (10 nM) induced a similar vasodilator action to cromakalim in the isolated heart but had no effect on responses to LTC4 and LTD4.
(10) Findings of an international multicentre trial in angina pectoris, indicate that timolol is effective in reducing the frequency of anginal attacks and the consumption of glyceryl trinitrate for their relief.
(11) In superfused precontracted strips of rabbit aorta, methylene blue (MeB) or pyocyanin (Pyo, 1-hydroxy-5-methyl phenazinum betaine) at concentrations of 1-10 microM inhibited relaxations induced by endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF), glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), S-nitroso-N-acetyl-penicillamine (SNAP) or 3-morpholino-sydnonimine (SIN-1).
(12) Kinetic assays show that the colipase favours the lipase activity on tributyrin emulsions in presence of 1-glyceryl octyl ether.
(13) Attacks provoked by glyceryl trinitrate appeared to begin when the vasodilatory effect of this substance was receding.
(14) 14): G263-G269, 1986] have shown that only 41% of the mass and 54% of the disintegrations per minute (dpm) are recovered in lymph on duodenal infusion of 3H-labeled glyceryl trioleate (TO).
(15) In addition, differences in the potency of the three organic nitrates and the enantioselectivity of isoidide dinitrate for relaxation were abolished in tolerant tissue, whereas the potency difference between glyceryl trinitrate and isoidide dinitrate for activation of guanylate cyclase was unchanged.
(16) After the development of collaterals the end systolic length area decreased from 4.1(1.1) to 2.2(1.0) cm X s (p less than 0.01) after glyceryl trinitrate and increased to 14.9(1.7) cm X s (p less than 0.01) after dipyridamole.
(17) The maximum change in each HR or RNA response to phenylephrine or glyceryl trinitrate was plotted against the maximum change in each MAP response and a logistic function curve was fitted to the MAP-HR and MAP-RNA relationship.
(18) 7-ER decreased GTN biotransformation in intact aorta and decreased the regioselective formation of glyceryl-1,2-dinitrate.
(19) From the fresh roots of Trichosanthes bracteata Voigt., the following substances were identified: methyl palmitate, palmitic acid, suberic acid, alpha-spinasterol, stigmast-7-en-3 beta-ol, alpha-spinasterol 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, stigmast-7-en-3 beta-ol 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, glyceryl 1-palmitate, glyceryl 1-stearate, bryonolic acid, cucurbitacin B, isocucurbitacin B, 3-epi-isocucurbitacin B, 23,24-dihydrocucurbitacin B, 23,24-dihydroisocucurbitacin B, 23,24-dihydro-3-epi-isocucurbitacin B, cucurbitacin D, isocucurbitacin D and D-glucose.
(20) In the acute study, one patch of glyceryl trinitrate or matching placebo was applied at 8.00 a.m. for 24 h; 48 h later the other treatment was applied.
Hydroxyl
Definition:
(n.) A compound radical, or unsaturated group, HO, consisting of one atom of hydrogen and one of oxygen. It is a characteristic part of the hydrates, the alcohols, the oxygen acids, etc.
Example Sentences:
(1) These membrane perturbation effects not observed with bleomycin-iron in the presence of a hydroxyl radical scavenger, dimethyl thiourea, or a chelating agent, desferrioxamine, were correlated with the ability of the complex to generate highly reactive oxygen species.
(2) This stimulation is mediated by one receptor with an apparent affinity of 3.3 X 10(-6) M. The hydroxyl group in the para position on phenylethanolamine was absolutely necessary to obtain an agonist whereas the meta hydroxyl group or the presence of a catechol almost suppressed the activity.
(3) The coatings formed contain only stable chemical bonds (e.g., C-C, C-O-C), and easily-derivatized hydroxyl moieties.
(4) The efficacy of both PCBOH I and III derivatives required the presence of a hydroxyl moiety and increased directly with the degree of chlorination.
(5) tert-Butyl hydroaminoxyl is detected as a degradation product of the hydroxyl adduct from all spin traps.
(6) A method for the introduction of side chains containing isonitrile (isocyanide, functional group) on the backbone of polysaccharides and other hydroxylic polymers was developed.
(7) P-1894B dose dependently reduced the hydroxylation of peptidyl proline in the fibrotic liver.
(8) The 1-carboxyalkyl nicotinamide----dihydronicotinamide redox pair is a new type of brain-enhanced chemical delivery system for drugs containing hydroxyl groups.
(9) Both adiphenine.HCl and proadifen.HCl form more stable complexes, suggesting that hydrogen bonding to the carbonyl oxygen by the hydroxyl-group on the rim of the CD ring could be an important contributor to the complexation.
(10) Enzyme-inhibiting ability for individual alkylphenols can be estimated based on the quantitative structure-activity relationship developed by Dewhirst (1980) and is a function of the free hydroxyl group, electron-donating ring substituents, and hydrophobic aromatic ring substituents.
(11) Samples of rockwool and glass fibre were compared with chrysotile fibres for their capacity to hydroxylate 2-deoxyguanosine to 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, a reaction that is mediated by formation of hydroxyl radicals.
(12) aldrin epoxidation, ethylmorphine demethylation, and benzo(a)-pyrene hydroxylation were induced under these conditions.
(13) Cytochrome P-450 IVA1 (or a very closely related isoenzyme in the same gene family) was a major constitutive haemoprotein in rat kidney microsomes and actively supported the omega-hydroxylation of lauric acid.
(14) In vitro sensitizing activities were correlated to the promotion efficiency of radiolytic hydroxylation of thymine to thymine glycol and to the one-electron reduction potential of a variety of fluorinated and non-fluorinated nitroazole derivatives.
(15) Ring hydroxylated saterinone and three metabolites that were not identified made up about 1-4% each.
(16) Nafimidone and other 1-imidazoles were shown to be potent inhibitors of phenytoin p-hydroxylation in rat hepatic microsomes, being very effective even at submicromolar concentrations.
(17) Only pretreatment of rabbits with rifampicin, which induces cytochrome P-450 form 3c (P-450IIIA6), significantly increased the microsomal hydroxylation of tolbutamide.
(18) Synthesis with denatured DNA as template presumably proceeds from 3'-hydroxyl termini formed at loop-back regions since the synthesized DNA product and template are covalently linked.
(19) Here we report that phenol hydroxylation to hydroquinone is also catalyzed by human myeloperoxidase in the presence of a superoxide anion radical generating system, hypoxanthine and xanthine oxidase.
(20) Mössbauer spectroscopy has been used to study the heme iron in various states of cytochrome P450cam from the camphor-hydroxylating system of the bacterium Pseudomonas putida.