(n.) One of the masses of generative tissue primitively alike in both sexes, but giving rise to either an ovary or a testis; a generative gland; a germ gland.
Example Sentences:
(1) Their effects on various lipid fractions, viz., triglycerides (TG), phospholipids, free cholesterol, and esterified cholesterol, were studied in liver, plasma, gonads, and muscle.
(2) In this study, pinealectomy did not alter the inhibitory effect of testosterone on neuroendocine-gonadal activity in the male rat, suggesting that the pineal gland does not mediate the response of the rat hypothalamic-pituitary axis to testosterone.
(3) This condition may be caused by the prolonged, repetitive elevations of gonadal steroids and other hormones known to suppress gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion that are elicited by their daily exercise.
(4) Symptoms of gonadal insufficiency, in the presence of high serum levels of gonadotropins, generally indicate primary gonadal failure.
(5) An effective gonadal shield should reduce the gonadal dose to a level low enough to preserve spermatogenesis in most patients.
(6) Gonadoblastoma is an unusual tumor that typically arises in a streak gonad or an abnormal testis of an individual having a Y chromosome.
(7) Females had an increased excretion of PCBs and increased accumulation in gut and gonads compared to males.
(8) Microscopic examination of lesions from F1a and F2a animals, of gonads from F1b and F2b and of selected tissues from the F3a generation revealed no changes of toxicological significance.
(9) Gonadal deficiency is the most frequent and probably the most specific disorder.
(10) In addition, FSH and LH were low or normal in the presence of low testosterone levels, suggesting that the hypothalamic pituitary gonadal axis is impaired.
(11) GnRH has paracrine (local) effects in the gonads and placenta, acts as a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, and has autocrine regulatory effects in some tumour cells.
(12) The gonadally unresponsive patients had either pituitary tumours or premature menopause.
(13) Only 7 of 241 hatchlings had gonads that had not differentiated fully into ovaries or testes.
(14) From these results, we conclude that opiate peptides are released in response to the suckling stimulus in the cynomolgus monkey and that they mediate the effects of suckling on PRL secretion in both gonadal-intact and agonadal cynomolgus monkeys.
(15) By LHRH treatment 36 testes (20.5%) reached the scrotum, when HCG was added in unsuccessful cases 47 other gonads (26.8%) descended.
(16) To determine the pathogenesis of carbohydrate intolerance associated with gonadal dysgenesis, plasma glucose, insulin, glucagon, and growth hormone responses to oral glucose and intravenous tolbutamide, arginine and insulin were evaluated in 21 nonobese patients, 7-19 years old.
(17) It was caused at the frequency close to 100% in dysgenic offsprings reared above 25 degrees C, of which gonads were morphologically clearly different from those of usual GD sterility, whereas there was no indication of GD-3 sterility at temperatures below 24 degrees C. Temperature sensitive period of GD-3 sterility was estimated to the prepupal stage by shift-down experiment.
(18) These data suggest that the mechanism by which gonadal steroids act in the injured nervous system is partly through the differential regulation of the regenerative properties of the injured cell, presumably via hormone receptor-mediated action at the level of the neuronal genome.
(19) In the mantle of the female sea mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis seasonal variations in the adenylate cyclase activity correlate with gonadal development.
(20) The effect of glucocorticoids on gonadal steroid and gonadotropic hormone concentrations and subsequent follicular activity in cows undergoing normal estrous cycles was evaluated by administration of dexamethasone (DXM) during the middle of the luteal phase.
Hermaphrodite
Definition:
(n.) An individual which has the attributes of both male and female, or which unites in itself the two sexes; an animal or plant having the parts of generation of both sexes, as when a flower contains both the stamens and pistil within the same calyx, or on the same receptacle. In some cases reproduction may take place without the union of the distinct individuals. In the animal kingdom true hermaphrodites are found only among the invertebrates. See Illust. in Appendix, under Helminths.
(a.) Including, or being of, both sexes; as, an hermaphrodite animal or flower.
Example Sentences:
(1) Several additional groups of muscle cells of more limited mass and spatial distribution include the vulval muscles of hermaphrodites, the male sex muscles, the anal-intestinal muscles, and the gonadal sheath of the hermaphrodite.
(2) These cells are also present in hermaphrodites, where they have minor structural roles in the rectum.
(3) Male sex determination in sporadic, and familial Y-ve XX males and true hermaphrodites is likely to be the result of mutation in an X-linked TDF gene and its consequent escape from the constraints of X-inactivation.
(4) Marking with feces was important in hermaphrodite-hermaphrodite interactions.
(5) We discuss the benefice of a such therapeutic option in the true hermaphroditism lately diagnosed recording to organic and psychological data.
(6) We propose that the wild-type xol-1 gene product promotes male development by ensuring that genes (or gene products) directing hermaphrodite sex determination and dosage compensation are inactive in XO animals.
(7) I don't think it is an easy thing to write and expect to be commercial, even if you are from Venus and a hermaphrodite."
(8) During induction of the Caenorhabditis elegans hermaphrodite vulva by the anchor cell of the gonad, six multipotent vulval precursor cells (VPCs) have two distinct fates: three VPCs generate the vulva and the other three VPCs generate nonspecialized hypodermis.
(9) An XX true hermaphrodite was examined for the presence of Y-specific sequences using Southern-blotting and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques.
(10) The hypothesis provides an explanation for the observed bilateral asymmetry of gonadal differentiation in human hermaphrodites in terms of the bilateral asymmetry of growth of human fetal gonads.
(11) In true hermaphroditism ovarian or testicular tissue is present in the same patient; in false hermaphroditism female or male organs predominate; and in transsexualism only one way of alteration is possible i.e.
(12) The authors report the cases of two new families of true hermaphroditism (4 cases) defined by the coexistence of both testicular and ovarian tissues.
(13) A mutation in him-8 IV was identified that severely reduced recombination between the two X chromosomes in hermaphrodites and between mnDp73 and the X chromosome in males.
(14) In hermaphrodites, mnDp72 and mnDp73 promoted meiotic X nondisjunction and recombined with an X chromosome in the unc-1-dpy-3 interval at frequencies comparable to that found for X-X recombination; mnDp72(X;IV) also promoted trisomy for chromosome IV.
(15) Furthermore, the germ-line specificity of the fem-3(gf) mutant phenotype and the late temperature-sensitive period suggest that, in the wild-type XX hermaphrodite, fem-3 is negatively regulated so that the hermaphrodite stops making sperm and starts making oocytes.
(16) An unusual case of hermaphroditism in a 4 to 5-year-old roe is described.
(17) and Grassi Milano observed that when the female gonads were cultured without steroid or gonadotrophic hormones at the start of differentiation an hermaphrodite left ovary and a male right one were formed.
(18) Loss-of-function mutations in the spe-11 gene in Caenorhabditis elegans result in a paternal-effect embryonic-lethal phenotype: fertilization of wild-type oocytes by sperm from homozygous spe-11 mutant males leads to abnormal zygotic development, whereas oocytes from homozygous spe-11 hermaphrodites when fertilized by wild-type sperm develop normally.
(19) In wild-type Caenorhabditis elegans there are two sexes, self-fertilizing hermaphrodites (XX) and males (XO).
(20) Six out of 22 can transform XO animals into fertile females or hermaphrodites, whereas the remainder cause partial feminization.