(n.) One of several North American burrowing rodents of the genera Geomys and Thomomys, of the family Geomyidae; -- called also pocket gopher and pouched rat. See Pocket gopher, and Tucan.
(n.) One of several western American species of the genus Spermophilus, of the family Sciuridae; as, the gray gopher (Spermophilus Franklini) and the striped gopher (S. tridecemlineatus); -- called also striped prairie squirrel, leopard marmot, and leopard spermophile. See Spermophile.
(n.) A large land tortoise (Testudo Carilina) of the Southern United States, which makes extensive burrows.
(n.) A large burrowing snake (Spilotes Couperi) of the Southern United States.
Example Sentences:
(1) Heterochromatin is a dominant component of the genome in the bottae group of the pocket gopher genus Thomomys, having had a major role in the karyotypic evolution of member species.
(2) The protein synthesis intensity essentially grows after animals arousing and their body temperature elevation, ten times exceeding the level of the studied process in hibernating gophers.
(3) Kris Engskov's first job was as a gopher in a busy office with punishing hours and he would often nip out to grab the coffees if there was a crisis and the boss had to work late.
(4) All 90 montane voles examined were positive for Giardia, as were 4 pocket gophers, 1 water shrew, 4 water voles, and 2 meadow voles.
(5) Partial inhibition of the respiratory chain of liver mitochondria of active gophers by antimycin A which causes a decrease in the uncoupled respiration rate and delta psi down to values typical of mitochondria of hibernating gophers, practically exactly reproduced the suppression of oxidative phosphorylation and energy-dependent uptake of cations observed during hibernation.
(6) The content of glucose in the brain of the normothermal gophers (61.2 mg.) is 3,4 times as high as in the rat brain.
(7) In hibernating gophers the maximal rate of the uncoupled respiration and the ionic conductivity of the inner mitochondrial membrane were markedly decreased as compared with awakening gophers.
(8) Three prairie rattlesnakes (Crotalus viridis viridis) and two gopher snakes (Pituophis melanoleucus sayi) from the eastern high plains of New Mexico (USA) were examined for parasites.
(9) The diversity in cranial morphology of living geomyoids, including pocket gophers (Thomomys), spiny pocket mice (Heteromys and Liomys), desert pocket mice (Chaetodipus and Perognathus), and kangaroo rats and mice (Dipodomys and Microdipodops) is accompanied by only a few differences in their cephalic arterial circulation.
(10) It was concluded that partial deenergization arising as a result of inhibition of the respiratory chain is the main and unique cause of suppression of energy-dependent functions of liver mitochondria of hibernating gophers.
(11) In 2007 Winehouse married Blake Fielder-Civil, a part-time gopher for a music video company with whom she had been having an on-off tempestuous relationship.
(12) A strategy of back-to-back experimentation, originally proposed by Gopher and Sanders (1984), is reiterated and an example of a back-to-back study is described.
(13) At all the studied stages of artificial hypothermia as well as at 15 and 30-day hibernation (5 degrees C) the amount of glucose of the gopher brain remains at a relatively high level (41.6-101.5 mg%).
(14) Whether he engaged any other labour force (to be drowned) and how he obtained the necessary supplies of gopher wood and pitch is not recorded.
(15) Odor stimulation of the nose in the box turtle and the gopher tortoise produced a characteristic series of slow potentials in the olfactory bulb which were referred to as the odor evoked response.
(16) The intensity of [14C]leucine incorporation into heart, liver, brain, muscle, and blood plasma protein in gophers under deep artificial hypothermia has been studied.
(17) Intensity of the protein synthesis is studied in cells of different organs and tissues of hibernating, arousing and active gophers and rats.
(18) Concentrations of total acid-soluble phosphates were 50-75% higher in gophers than in rats, while bicarbonate values were within the normal mammalian range.
(19) Behavioral tests of hearing and sound localization in the North American pocket gopher (Geomys bursarius) show that it is unique among mammals.
(20) A derived response method of acquiring frequency specific auditory evoked potentials that utilizes a pure tone in combination with a toneburst is applied to the measurement of hearing sensitivity in guinea pigs, chinchillas and pocket gophers.
Rat
Definition:
(n.) One of several species of small rodents of the genus Mus and allied genera, larger than mice, that infest houses, stores, and ships, especially the Norway, or brown, rat (M. decumanus), the black rat (M. rattus), and the roof rat (M. Alexandrinus). These were introduced into America from the Old World.
(n.) A round and tapering mass of hair, or similar material, used by women to support the puffs and rolls of their natural hair.
(n.) One who deserts his party or associates; hence, in the trades, one who works for lower wages than those prescribed by a trades union.
(v. i.) In English politics, to desert one's party from interested motives; to forsake one's associates for one's own advantage; in the trades, to work for less wages, or on other conditions, than those established by a trades union.
(v. i.) To catch or kill rats.
Example Sentences:
(1) All rats were examined in the conscious, unrestrained state 12 wk after induction of diabetes or acidified saline (pH 4.5) injection.
(2) It was tested for recovery and separation from other selenium moieties present in urine using both in vivo-labeled rat urine and human urine spiked with unlabeled TMSe.
(3) It is supposed that delta-sleep peptide along with other oligopeptides is one of the factors determining individual animal resistance to emotional stress, which is supported by significant delta-sleep peptide increase in hypothalamus in stable rats.
(4) The microsomal preparations from untreated Syrian golden hamster livers exhibited higher activities of N-demethylation towards the macrolide antibiotics, erythromycin and troleandomycin, than those from untreated and phenobarbital-treated rats.
(5) Phospholipid methylation in human EGMs is distinctly different from that in rat EGMs (Hirata and Axelrod 1980) in that the human activity is not Mg++-dependent, and apparent methyltransferase I activity is located in the external membrane surface.
(6) Biochemical, immunocytochemical and histochemical methods were used to study the effect of chronic acetazolamide treatment on carbonic anhydrase (CA) isoenzymes in the rat kidney.
(7) In conclusion, in S-rats a glucose-stimulated insulin release is accompanied by an increase in IBF, but this is not observed in P-rats.
(8) Competition with the labelled 10B12 MAb for binding to the purified antigen was demonstrated in sera of tumor-bearing and immune rats.
(9) Nutritionally rehabilitated animals had similar numbers of nucleoli to control rats.
(10) This study examined the [3H]5-HT-releasing properties of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and related agents, all of which cause significant release of [3H]5-HT from rat brain synaptosomes.
(11) Addition of phospholipase A2 from Vipera russelli venom led to a significant increase in the activity of guanylate cyclase in various rat organs.
(12) Spontaneous locomotor activity was lower in naloxone-infused rats on day 3 only.
(13) The LD50 of the following metal-binding chelating drugs, EDTA, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), hydroxyethylenediaminetriacetic acid (HEDTA), cyclohexanediaminotetraacetic acid (CDTA) and triethylenetetraminehexaacetic acid (TTHA) was evaluated in terms of mortality in rats after intraperitoneal administration and was found to be in the order: CDTA greater than EDTA greater than DTPA greater than TTHA greater than HEDTA.
(14) We have investigated a physiological role of endogenous insulin on exocrine pancreatic secretion stimulated by a liquid meal as well as exogenous secretin and cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) in conscious rats.
(15) The subcellular distribution of sialyltransferase and its product of action, sialic acid, was investigated in the undifferentiated cells of the rat intestinal crypts and compared with the pattern observed in the differentiated cells present in the surface epithelium.
(16) However, the groups often paused less and responded faster than individual rats working under identical conditions.
(17) After 55 days of unrestricted food availability the body weight of the neonatally deprived rats was approximately 15% lower than that of the controls.
(18) To examine the central nervous system regulation of duodenal bicarbonate secretion, an animal model was developed that allowed cerebroventricular and intravenous injections as well as collection of duodenal perfusates in awake, freely moving rats.
(19) In the present investigation we monitored the incorporation of [14C] from [U-14C]glucose into various rat brain glycolytic intermediates of conscious and pentobarbital-anesthetized animals.
(20) Gel filtration of the 40,000 rpm supernatant fraction of a homogenate of rat cerebral cortex on a Sepharose 6B column yielded two fractions: fraction II with the "Ca(2+) plus Mg(2+)-dependent" phosphodiesterase activity and fraction III containing its modulator.