(1) Although GORD is primarily a motor disorder, the injurious effects of gastric acid are central to the pathogenic process of oesophagitis, and the severity of disease correlates with the degree and duration of oesophageal acid exposure.
(2) The ambulatory 24 hour pH test may have rendered the AP test obsolete in the assessment of GORD as the cause of NCCP.
(3) Epidemiological studies of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) are confounded by the lack of a standardized definition and a diagnostic 'gold-standard' for the disorder.
(4) Using 24 hour pH monitoring as a reference standard, the usefulness of the acid perfusion (AP) test in predicting gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) was assessed in 71 non-cardiac chest pain (NCCP) patients and 23 endoscopic oesophagitis patients.
(5) This may be made worse by relative gastric acid hypersecretion in some patients with severe GORD.
(6) The aim of this study was to investigate the association of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) with radiographic pulmonary changes.
(7) The pathogenesis of GORD depends on a mix of factors which vary amongst individual patients.
(8) In the NCCP population with a normal oesophageal examination (1) AP test reproduction of chest pain is poorly predictive of GORD; (2) AP test reproduction of heartburn is more predictive of GORD but does not ensure that the chest pain is caused by GORD; (3) a negative AP test does not exclude GORD and (4) only 48% of AP test positive patients have demonstrable acid mediated chest pain.
(9) Although these data are not conclusive, it seems prudent, if possible, to avoid the use of NSAIDs in patients with GORD, particularly those with oesophageal stricture.
(10) In patients with more severe grades of oesophagitis, there are abnormally high levels of nocturnal acid exposure, with the intra-oesophageal pH being less than 4.0 for 36% of the time, compared with 5% of the time in patients with mild GORD.
(11) In Western countries, 20-40% of the adult population experience heartburn, which is the cardinal symptom of GORD, but only some 2% of adults have objective evidence of reflux oesophagitis.
(12) Of patients with oesophagitis 29% had no typical symptoms of GORD; only 24% of patients with regurgitation had oesophagitis.
(13) Although GORD causes substantial morbidity, the annual mortality rate due to GORD is very low (approximately 1 death per 100,000 patients), and even severe GORD has no apparent effect on longevity, although the quality of life can be significantly impaired.
(14) A third of the patients reported such inconclusive symptomatology at history-taking that no preliminary diagnosis about the presence or absence of GORD could be made.
(15) The limited information available about salivation in GORD patients suggests that salivary secretion is no different from that of age-matched controls, but that there is an age-dependent loss of the salivary response to oesophageal acidification.
(16) The long duration of action and effective inhibition of meal-stimulated acid secretion probably explains the superiority of omeprazole in treating GORD.
(17) In the 105 of these patients in whom there was any suspicion of GORD, 24-hour pH monitoring was carried out.
(18) When patients were divided according to their symptoms suggestive of GORD, lower VC%, FVC%, and FEV1% were found in patients with than in those without symptoms (87 vs 102, p = 0.0018; 76 vs 91, p = 0.0099; 80 vs 93, p = 0.0026).
(19) The signs and symptoms of GORD often wax and wane in intensity, and spontaneous remissions have been reported.
(20) Of several symptoms thought to be related to gastrooesophageal reflux disease (GORD), only heartburn (68% vs 48%) and acid regurgitation (60% vs 48%) occurred in more of the patients with GORD (as determined by pH monitoring) than of those with normal pH monitoring.
Lord
Definition:
(n.) A hump-backed person; -- so called sportively.
(n.) One who has power and authority; a master; a ruler; a governor; a prince; a proprietor, as of a manor.
(n.) A titled nobleman., whether a peer of the realm or not; a bishop, as a member of the House of Lords; by courtesy; the son of a duke or marquis, or the eldest son of an earl; in a restricted sense, a boron, as opposed to noblemen of higher rank.
(n.) A title bestowed on the persons above named; and also, for honor, on certain official persons; as, lord advocate, lord chamberlain, lord chancellor, lord chief justice, etc.
(n.) A husband.
(n.) One of whom a fee or estate is held; the male owner of feudal land; as, the lord of the soil; the lord of the manor.
(n.) The Supreme Being; Jehovah.
(n.) The Savior; Jesus Christ.
(v. t.) To invest with the dignity, power, and privileges of a lord.
(v. t.) To rule or preside over as a lord.
(v. i.) To play the lord; to domineer; to rule with arbitrary or despotic sway; -- sometimes with over; and sometimes with it in the manner of a transitive verb.
Example Sentences:
(1) The criticism over the downgrading of the leader of the Lords was led by Lord Forsyth of Drumlean, a former Scotland secretary, who is a respected figure on the right.
(2) Sewel is also recorded complaining about the level of appearance allowances at the House of Lords .
(3) Biomass and crops for animals are as damaging as [burning] fossil fuels.” The recommendation follows advice last year that a vegetarian diet was better for the planet from Lord Nicholas Stern , former adviser to the Labour government on the economics of climate change.
(4) In his notorious 1835 Minute on Education , Lord Macaulay articulated the classic reason for teaching English, but only to a small minority of Indians: “We must do our best to form a class who may be interpreters between us and the millions whom we govern; a class of persons, Indians in blood and colour, but English in taste, in opinions, in morals and in intellect.” The language was taught to a few to serve as intermediaries between the rulers and the ruled.
(5) Wharton feared that if his bill had not cleared the Commons on this occasion, it would have failed as there are only three sitting Fridays in the Commons next year when the legislation could be heard again should peers in the House of Lords successfully pass amendments.
(6) "At the moment there are about 1,600 criminal justice firms, and they all have a contract with the lord chancellor.
(7) He also challenged Lord Mandelson's claim this morning that a controversial vote on Royal Mail would have to be postponed due to lack of parliamentary time.
(8) The Lords will vote on three key amendments: • To exclude child benefit from the cap calculation (this would roughly halve the number of households affected).
(9) Cobra collapsed into administration in 2009 after which Lord Bilimoria was criticised for using a “pre-pack” deal to buy back a stake in the firm.
(10) Buckingham Palace was drawn into the dispute when it was revealed that Pownall had sought advice from the Lord Chamberlain, a key officer in the royal household, on the potential misuse of the portcullis emblem due to it being the property of the Queen.
(11) We have already had the failure of House of Lords reform, the failure to change constituencies and the imbalance of MPs between England and the devolved assemblies.
(12) Publishing the government's low-carbon transport strategy, transport secretary Lord Adonis said the measures would save an additional 85m tonnes of CO2 over the period 2018-22, adding that the government would shortly announce plans for further electrification of the rail network.
(13) At 7.40am Lord Feldman, the Conservative party chairman, knocked on the front door of No 10.
(14) After the formal PIRC inquiry was triggered by the lord advocate, Frank Mulholland, Bayoh’s family said police gave them five different accounts of what had happened before eventually being told late on Sunday afternoon how he died.
(15) Lord Thomson of Monifieth , the now deceased chairman of the political honours scrutiny committee, was a former Labour minister but then sat in the Lords as a Liberal Democrat peer.
(16) One big question is whether Lord Adonis’s NIC will feel emboldened enough to make proposals that conflict with government policy.
(17) Lord Green of Hurstpierpoint, the trade minister, is taking a parallel trade delegation whose members will meet the prime minister in Saudi and the UAE.
(18) Steve Bell on Jeremy Corbyn not singing the national anthem – cartoon Read more Admiral Lord West, former Labour security minister, said the decision not to sing the anthem was extraordinary.
(19) An intimate account of her last hours was given on Monday by Lady (Carla) Powell, the Italian wife of Thatcher's former diplomatic adviser Lord Powell, who had visited her often in her declining years, and whose house outside Rome the former prime minister had visited on several occasions.
(20) Our later measures – parliament's power to declare peace and war, MPs to be subject to a right to recall, an end to the royal prerogative, an elected Lords – were about a 21st-century democracy, with citizenship to be founded on a new bill of rights and responsibilities and, in time, a written constitution.