(1) Although GORD is primarily a motor disorder, the injurious effects of gastric acid are central to the pathogenic process of oesophagitis, and the severity of disease correlates with the degree and duration of oesophageal acid exposure.
(2) The ambulatory 24 hour pH test may have rendered the AP test obsolete in the assessment of GORD as the cause of NCCP.
(3) Epidemiological studies of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) are confounded by the lack of a standardized definition and a diagnostic 'gold-standard' for the disorder.
(4) Using 24 hour pH monitoring as a reference standard, the usefulness of the acid perfusion (AP) test in predicting gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) was assessed in 71 non-cardiac chest pain (NCCP) patients and 23 endoscopic oesophagitis patients.
(5) This may be made worse by relative gastric acid hypersecretion in some patients with severe GORD.
(6) The aim of this study was to investigate the association of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) with radiographic pulmonary changes.
(7) The pathogenesis of GORD depends on a mix of factors which vary amongst individual patients.
(8) In the NCCP population with a normal oesophageal examination (1) AP test reproduction of chest pain is poorly predictive of GORD; (2) AP test reproduction of heartburn is more predictive of GORD but does not ensure that the chest pain is caused by GORD; (3) a negative AP test does not exclude GORD and (4) only 48% of AP test positive patients have demonstrable acid mediated chest pain.
(9) Although these data are not conclusive, it seems prudent, if possible, to avoid the use of NSAIDs in patients with GORD, particularly those with oesophageal stricture.
(10) In patients with more severe grades of oesophagitis, there are abnormally high levels of nocturnal acid exposure, with the intra-oesophageal pH being less than 4.0 for 36% of the time, compared with 5% of the time in patients with mild GORD.
(11) In Western countries, 20-40% of the adult population experience heartburn, which is the cardinal symptom of GORD, but only some 2% of adults have objective evidence of reflux oesophagitis.
(12) Of patients with oesophagitis 29% had no typical symptoms of GORD; only 24% of patients with regurgitation had oesophagitis.
(13) Although GORD causes substantial morbidity, the annual mortality rate due to GORD is very low (approximately 1 death per 100,000 patients), and even severe GORD has no apparent effect on longevity, although the quality of life can be significantly impaired.
(14) A third of the patients reported such inconclusive symptomatology at history-taking that no preliminary diagnosis about the presence or absence of GORD could be made.
(15) The limited information available about salivation in GORD patients suggests that salivary secretion is no different from that of age-matched controls, but that there is an age-dependent loss of the salivary response to oesophageal acidification.
(16) The long duration of action and effective inhibition of meal-stimulated acid secretion probably explains the superiority of omeprazole in treating GORD.
(17) In the 105 of these patients in whom there was any suspicion of GORD, 24-hour pH monitoring was carried out.
(18) When patients were divided according to their symptoms suggestive of GORD, lower VC%, FVC%, and FEV1% were found in patients with than in those without symptoms (87 vs 102, p = 0.0018; 76 vs 91, p = 0.0099; 80 vs 93, p = 0.0026).
(19) The signs and symptoms of GORD often wax and wane in intensity, and spontaneous remissions have been reported.
(20) Of several symptoms thought to be related to gastrooesophageal reflux disease (GORD), only heartburn (68% vs 48%) and acid regurgitation (60% vs 48%) occurred in more of the patients with GORD (as determined by pH monitoring) than of those with normal pH monitoring.
Word
Definition:
(n.) The spoken sign of a conception or an idea; an articulate or vocal sound, or a combination of articulate and vocal sounds, uttered by the human voice, and by custom expressing an idea or ideas; a single component part of human speech or language; a constituent part of a sentence; a term; a vocable.
(n.) Hence, the written or printed character, or combination of characters, expressing such a term; as, the words on a page.
(n.) Talk; discourse; speech; language.
(n.) Account; tidings; message; communication; information; -- used only in the singular.
(n.) Signal; order; command; direction.
(n.) Language considered as implying the faith or authority of the person who utters it; statement; affirmation; declaration; promise.
(n.) Verbal contention; dispute.
(n.) A brief remark or observation; an expression; a phrase, clause, or short sentence.
(v. i.) To use words, as in discussion; to argue; to dispute.
(v. t.) To express in words; to phrase.
(v. t.) To ply with words; also, to cause to be by the use of a word or words.
(v. t.) To flatter with words; to cajole.
Example Sentences:
(1) These 150 women, the word acknowledges, were killed for being women.
(2) He spoke words of power and depth and passion – and he spoke with a gesture, too.
(3) Looks like some kind of dissent, with Ameobi having words with Phil Dowd at the kick off after Liverpool's second goal.
(4) In the experiments to be reported here, computer-averaged EMG data were obtained from PCA of native speakers of American English, Japanese, and Danish who uttered test words embedded in frame sentences.
(5) This study examined the frequency of occurrence of velar deviations in spontaneous single-word utterances over a 6-month period for 40 children who ranged in age from 1:11 (years:months) to 3:1 at the first observation.
(6) In other words, the commitment to the euro is too deep to be forsaken.
(7) The government has blamed a clumsily worded press release for the furore, denying there would be random checks of the public.
(8) Tony Abbott has refused to concede that saying Aboriginal people who live in remote communities have made a “lifestyle choice” was a poor choice of words as the father of reconciliation issued a public plea to rebuild relations with Indigenous people.
(9) The force has given "words of advice" to eight people, all under 25, over messages posted online.
(10) Superior memory for the word list was found when the odor present during the relearning session was the same one that had been present at the time of initial learning, thereby demonstrating context-dependent memory.
(11) Both of these bills include restrictions on moving terrorists into our country.” The White House quickly confirmed the president would have to sign the legislation but denied this meant that its upcoming plan for closing Guantánamo was, in the words of one reporter, “dead on arrival”.
(12) There on the street is Young Jo whose last words were, "I am wery symbolic, sir."
(13) Sagan had a way of not wasting words, even playfully.
(14) His words earned a stinging rebuke from first lady Michelle Obama , but at a Friday rally in North Carolina he said of one accuser, Jessica Leeds: “Yeah, I’m gonna go after you.
(15) In this connection the question about the contribution of each word of length l (l-tuple) to the inhomogeneity of genetic text arises.
(16) But mention the words "eurozone crisis" to other Finns, and you could be rewarded with little more than a confused, albeit friendly, smile.
(17) But I know the full story and it’s a bit different from what people see.” The full story is heavy on the extremes of emotion and as the man who took a stricken but much-loved club away from its community, Winkelman knows that his part is that of villain; the war of words will rumble on.
(18) His words surprised some because of an impression that the US was unwilling to talk about these issues.
(19) The phrase “self-inflicted blow” was one he used repeatedly, along with the word “glib” – applied to his Vote Leave opponents.
(20) In the 1980s when she began, no newspaper would even print the words 'breast cancer'.