(n.) The East Indian name of the chick-pea (Cicer arietinum) and its seeds; also, other similar seeds there used for food.
(n.) Alt. of Gramme
Example Sentences:
(1) In this article we report the survival and morbidity rates for all live-born infants weighing 501 to 1000 gram at birth and born to residents of a defined geographic region from 1977 to 1980 (n = 255) compared with 1981 to 1984 (n = 266).
(2) We conclude that chloramphenicol resistance encoded by Tn1696 is due to a permeability barrier and hypothesize that the gene from P. aeruginosa may share a common ancestral origin with these genes from other gram-negative organisms.
(3) Control incubations revealed an inherent difference between the two substrates; gram-positive supernatants consistently contained 5% radioactivity, whereas even at 0 h, those from the gram-negative mutant released 22%.
(4) In gram positive organisms, the concordance was lower only for the differentiation between group D streptococci and enterococci.
(5) It is the absorbed dose in joules per gram that is biologically significant and the data shows that the mean absorbed dose to death within either sex shows no significant difference with respect to age or weight, but that the difference between the sexes are significant, particularly among the aged ex-breeders.
(6) Enzymatic activity per gram of urinary creatinine was consistently but not significantly higher before extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy than in control subjects.
(7) Since resistance is mainly mediated by R plasmids, we undertook to investigate the characteristics of R plasmid-determined beta-lactamase in 6 Gram-negative rods.
(8) The test organisms included 218 gram-negative fermentative clinical isolates.
(9) Bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which are important components of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria, induce a number of host responses both beneficial and harmful.
(10) Key therapeutic questions are whether beta-lactams can safely replace aminoglycosides for the treatment of gram-negative pneumonia, and whether monotherapy or aminoglycoside and beta-lactam combination antibiotic treatment is superior.
(11) The compounds favored the development of bacteria of the genus Pseudomonas and inhibited the growth of all other gram-negative bacteria.
(12) The antibiotic was effective against Gram-positive bacteria, fungi and yeasts, and prolonged the life span of mice bearing Ehrlich ascites carcinoma.
(13) Nine of the children had at least one positive Limulus assay, and eight of this group had bacteriologic cultures indicative of gram-negative infection.
(14) More Gram-positive infections are now being reported and the sensitivity of the causative organisms varies.
(15) We treated 51 patients diagnosed as having chronic bacterial prostatitis (gram-negative) with 2 ml.
(16) Hematoma clot weighing 10 grams was removed through emergency craniotomy, followed by external decompression.
(17) For further characterization of EC-GRAM the A431 cell line was used.
(18) Cure rates for nosocomial pneumonias from gram-negative bacilli treated with these 2 therapies also were similar (70% versus 60%, respectively).
(19) The experience illustrates the danger of assuming that all pneumococcus peritonitis is the primary variety and the advisability of routine Gram stain of the peritoneal fluid at operation in order to select the appropriate antibiotic.
(20) These results support the idea that P. aeruginosa may be a more permissive host than E. coli for the heterologous expression of genes from gram-negative bacteria.
Tola
Definition:
(n.) A weight of British India. The standard tola is equal to 180 grains.
Example Sentences:
(1) Rather than head back towards the Saas Valley in the east via Grächen, we head west, taking a train to St Niklaus, a cable car to Jungu, then hike east to Gruben, to stay at the historic but simple Hotel Schwarzhorn, before ending our epic journey with a final night in luxury, at the charming hotel Bella Tola in St-Luc.
(2) This sequence predicts three open reading frames sequentially coding for proteins of 134, 230, and 142 amino acids, followed by the potential start of the tolA gene.
(3) However, antibody to the core protein of hepatitis C virus (anti-JCC) was detected 50% of the patients whose sera were negative for anti-C100 but positive for anti-tolA.
(4) Mutants of E. coli K-12 (tolA and tolB) which leak periplasmic proteins mimic excretion and release the haemolysin into the growth medium.
(5) The three genes tolA, tolB, and fii are shown to reside on a 4.3-kilobase fragment of the Escherichia coli chromosome.
(6) Together these data suggest that the tolA mutant is supersusceptible to aminoglycosides by virtue of an LPS change which increases the binding affinity of the LPS for polycations, including gentamicin.
(7) By selecting for revertants of the hypersensitivity phenotype, revertants to tol(+) were found, indicating that it is the tolA locus that is responsible for this specific hypersensitivity.
(8) Furthermore, only the isolated N-terminal domain of colicin A, which is involved in the translocation step, was found to bind to TolA.
(9) The product of tolA has been identified tentatively as a 51-kilodalton protein.
(10) Analysis of double mutants strains carrying mutation staA-2 and a tolA, tolB, excC or excD periplasmic-leaky mutation showed that staA suppression was allele specific which suggested that proteins TolA and StaA might directly interact.
(11) Nucleotide sequence determination and subsequent homology search revealed its identity to the tolA gene of Escherichia coli.
(12) Strains of Escherichia coli K12 carrying a tolA, tolB, lky or exc mutation located at min 16.5 on the genetic map released periplasmic proteins into the extracellular medium.
(13) Mutations in fii or tolA of the fii-tolA-tolB gene cluster at 17 min on the Escherichia coli map render cells tolerant to high concentrations of the E colicins and do not allow the DNA of infecting single-stranded filamentous bacteriophages to enter the bacterial cytoplasm.
(14) They first interact with receptors located at the surface of the outer membrane and are then transferred across the cell envelope in a process that requires energy and depends upon accessory proteins (TolA, TolB, TolC, TolQ, TolR) which might play a role similar to that of the secretory apparatus of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.
(15) In contrast, anti-tolA was detected only of 14.6% patients with anti-C100 positive NANB chronic liver disease, 10.5% with hepatitis B surface antigen-positive chronic liver disease, 7.7% with alcoholic liver disease and 4.2% in normal control, and no positive case in acute hepatitis of etiology and in primary biliary cirrhosis.
(16) A genetic analysis presented in this paper showed that some exc and lky mutations belonged to the tolA and tolB complementation groups.
(17) Data from cloning, Tn5 mutagenesis, and P1 transduction studies are consistent with the gene order sucA-fii-tolA-tolB-aroG near 17 min on the E. coli map.
(18) Anti-tolA antibody was detected in 54.5% of the patients with NANB chronic liver disease whose sera were negative for antibody to hepatitis C virus (anti-C100).
(19) This sequence predicts TolA to be a 421-amino-acid protein of molecular mass 44,190 daltons.
(20) tolA-876 staA strains partially recovered a wild-type phenotype: they exported alkaline phosphatase and beta-lactamase into the periplasm and only released very low amounts of periplasmic proteins; moreover, they were sensitive to E1 and A colicins and more resistant than tolA-876 staA+ strains to various growth inhibitors.