(n.) Native carbon in hexagonal crystals, also foliated or granular massive, of black color and metallic luster, and so soft as to leave a trace on paper. It is used for pencils (improperly called lead pencils), for crucibles, and as a lubricator, etc. Often called plumbago or black lead.
Example Sentences:
(1) Here we present images of polydeoxyadenylate molecules aligned in parallel, with their bases lying flat on a surface of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite and with their charged phosphodiester backbones protruding upwards.
(2) This is a report on a male patient of 71 years of age who had been a graphite mill worker for about 14 years.
(3) The concentration of gold in whole blood was determined using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry.
(4) As subcritical crack velocities under cyclic loading were found to be many orders of magnitude faster than those measured under equivalent monotonic loads and to occur at typically 45% lower stress-intensity levels, cyclic fatigue in pyrolytic carbon-coated graphite is reasoned to be a vital consideration in the design and life-prediction procedures of prosthetic devices manufactured from this material.
(5) A 5-year-old boy had an excisional biopsy of a pigmented scleral lesion thought clinically to be a foreign body, probably graphite from a pencil.
(6) A membrane-free glucose sensor was made by covalent immobilization of glucose oxidase on graphite followed by adsorption of N-methyl-phenazinium ion (PMS+).
(7) Stearate-modified graphite paste recording electrodes were acutely or chronically implanted into the nucleus accumbens along with bipolar stimulating electrodes in the ipsilateral ventral tegmental area (VTA).
(8) I describe a micro-scale method for determining lead in whole blood by utilizing a graphite furnace.
(9) The reconstituted acid mixture is injected into the graphite tube atomizer for analysis of Cu and Cd and aspirated into the air--acetylene flame for measurement of Zn.
(10) A spokesman said Graphite had “received no income or interest payments, or proceeds of any kind, from its investment in City & County”.
(11) Tissue reactivity to carbon cloth, graphite cloth and vitreous carbon in the solid was studied in dogs.
(12) The mercury-graphite electrode was also checked in respect of both the plating time and the amount of analyses performed.
(13) Tritium retention noted in graphite tiles underscores the significance of material selection in present and future 3H-fueled fusion devices.
(14) The resolution of the enantiomers of three closely related benzodiazepines, temazepam, oxazepam and lorazepam, is attempted on three new column systems: cellulose triacetate, beta-cyclodextrin and the reversed-phase column porous graphitic carbon with beta-cyclodextrin as a mobile phase additive.
(15) For some metals the analysis can be directly achieved by means of atomisation of the biological liquid in a flame or in a graphite furnace; for other metals it is necessary a treatment of the sample to separate the metal from the rest of the matrix, which can be: calcination, microcalcination, mining.
(16) A new grade of graphite-isotropic, fine-grained, and of superior strength-has been produced at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
(17) We believe that the introduction of high-performance background correction such as Smith-Hieftje, delayed atomization techniques, and aerosol deposition have taken graphite furnace AAS into its third phase.
(18) Zinc was analyzed by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and the other elements by graphite furnace atomic absorption.
(19) An analysis of the product of interaction of a sample of native DNA with a large pyrolytic graphite electrode in the presence of formaldehyde at approximately neutral pH did not prove changes in the secondary structure of native DNA due to its interaction with the graphite electrode.
(20) Alternatively, a 50-mu-l sample of blood or erythrocytes is treated with 50 mu-l of concentrated nitric acid and a 1.5-mu-l aliquot is analyzed with use of the graphite tube.
Lignite
Definition:
(n.) Mineral coal retaining the texture of the wood from which it was formed, and burning with an empyreumatic odor. It is of more recent origin than the anthracite and bituminous coal of the proper coal series. Called also brown coal, wood coal.
Example Sentences:
(1) This in turn meant frantic investment in German coal and lignite – 10 new plants are said to be opening – and a surge in Polish coal output.
(2) "It will lock Kosovo into a future of dependency [on] lignite.
(3) The sulfuric acid in the fly ash of Montana lignite is neutralized by its high alkali content and produces no change in lung functions.
(4) While Germany continues to expand solar and wind power, the government’s decision to phase out nuclear energy means it must now rely heavily on the dirtiest form of coal, lignite, to generate electricity.
(5) Coals and lignites having typical concentrations of 238U emanate no more 222Rn than do comparable masses of typical soils.
(6) If we face fiscal difficulties from abroad in the medium term, then to burn more lignite instead of importing energy will seem a wise thing to do,” a Syriza source said.
(7) The fee would have forced operators to buy extra certificates for their emissions from the European Trading Scheme for CO2 emission allowances, thus making electricity from lignite less profitable.
(8) This can largely be attributed to an increase in the use of lignite for electricity production.
(9) To build one new lignite plant but replace two others which are of older technology and emit more pollution, could be seen in technical terms as an improvement,” Harris Konstantatos, a member of Syriza’s central committee, told the Guardian, from Athens.
(10) Greenpeace said that if Europe is to continue to play its part in keeping the world within the internationally accepted limit of 2C of warming, 90% of the carbon contained in its lignite reserves must remain buried.
(11) At the same time, electricity from lignite became cheaper due to another factor: As economies throughout Europe weakened due to the global financial crisis, companies reduced their production and thus had to buy fewer EU certificates for emitting CO2.
(12) Significantly greater (P less than 0.05) depression (coinhibition) of viral interferon induction (greater than 83%) resulted when bioactivated B[a]P was incorporated with coal particles representative of coal rank (anthracite, bituminous, lignite, peat).
(13) One way or another Greek lignite will be exploited.” Syriza is also keeping cards close to its chest on the issue of an east Mediterranean gas pipeline to alleviate Europe’s energy security concerns, with gas from Cyprus and Israel.
(14) New coal power stations designed to burn Europe’s massive deposits of lignite pose a serious threat to the continent’s decarbonisation efforts, according to figures released on Wednesday.
(15) The emanation of 222Rn from several coal samples (including lignites) was measured as a function of particle size and water content.
(16) Gerben-Jan Gerbrandy, a Dutch Liberal MEP on the environment committee, said: “Lignite [coal] has no future and should not be stimulated in any way.
(17) Greece’s intention of using public funds to revive its lignite-based model should not be allowed.
(18) The facility, which burns the most polluting lignite "brown" coal from its own mine next door, is earmarked for a full carbon capture and storage prototype, but only by 2015 at the earliest.
(19) In steam generators fired with lignite which contains less than 0.1 per cent of chloride, the concentration of chlorine compounds emitted will range from 5 to 80 mg m-3, and of chlorohydrogen from 1-75 mg m-3.
(20) Both farms are sited in a mining area (intensive lignite extraction).