(n.) A design or draught which has been divided into squares, in order to reproduce it in other dimensions.
Example Sentences:
(1) The number of fields are examined using an indexed-squares graticule in 10 different areas of the brain.
(2) An eye-piece graticule was used to measure the proportion of bone-surfaces covered with osteoid, and there was good correlation between the results obtained by these two methods.
(3) In view of the limitations of linear measurement and the high cost and complexity of computer aided microscopy, we propose that a simple stereological technique using an eyepiece graticule is the method of choice in the quantitative assessment of mucosal architecture in jejunal biopsy specimens.
(4) Cylindrical projections convert the coordinate lines into rectangular graticules for isopotential maps of sensory evoked responses.
(5) Additional features are: a graticule for calibration, a facility to display alphanumeric characters, and an option for automated uninterrupted viewing of the visual image.
(6) The intimal thickness was measured at the anastomoses and in the mid-graft region using an eye-piece graticule set at right angles to the graft internal elastic lamina.
(7) The thickness of the fibrous articular layer, undifferentiated germinal mesenchyme layer and the hyperplastic cartilage layer were measured using an eyepiece graticule and the presence and frequency of islands of cartilage in the subchondral bone were noted.
(8) The Weibel graticule was found to be useful in assessing the severity of histological changes and in following changes after treatment.
(9) (4) In large collections of neurones, e.g., in the thalamus, three methods are available: (a) the nearest neighbour method; (b) a conventional squared graticule count, and (c) a count of cells intersected by a line probe as in Haug's (1972) technique (fig.
(10) Inter- and intra-observer variation in measuring the depth of invasion of malignant melanomas was assessed using three different techniques: eye-piece graticule, stage Vernier, and projection image analysis.
(11) The degree of villous atrophy was estimated with a Weibel eyepiece graticule, and this correlated strongly with the degree of crypt hyperplasia, which was assessed by deriving the mean number of enterocytes in the crypts.
(12) Graticules consisting of concentric circles and radial lines are projected onto the subject's fundus, providing a pattern that the examiner can use to determine the exact location to be stimulated in the fundus.
(13) The point-counting graticules commonly used, with 25 points, are inadequate with tissue proportions below 10%.
(14) A method of measuring pupillary diameter in the dog using a Kowa RC-2 fundus camera, to which an eyepiece graticule had been fitted, is described.
(15) Morphometric studies of the epididymal region of three avian species (Gallus domesticus, Coturnix coturnix japonica, Japanese quail, and Numida meleagris, guinea-fowl) were performed using a stereological compensating eyepiece graticule.
(16) Subchondral bone and articular cartilage histomorphometry was carried out in three different regions of the specimens (central, middle, and peripheral regions) using an image-analyzing system and an eyepiece graticule.
(17) Pupil diameter was measured either directly by reading off from the calibrated graticule or from photographs.
(18) Weibel graticule measurements appear to be a useful adjunct to the subjective assessment of villus atrophy.
(19) Sections were quantitated using an eye-piece graticule and all values were expressed as a percentage of osteoid surface.
(20) Differential light thresholds were measured and quantified according to one investigator's graticule for the neural representation of visual space.
Horizontal
Definition:
(a.) Pertaining to, or near, the horizon.
(a.) Parallel to the horizon; on a level; as, a horizontalline or surface.
(a.) Measured or contained in a plane of the horizon; as, horizontal distance.
Example Sentences:
(1) Vertical gratings are tinged with green and horizontal gratings with pink.
(2) When compared with lissencephalic species, a great horizontal fibrillary system (which is vertically arranged in gyral regions) was observed in convoluted brains.
(3) The present study examined whether an uptake system for GABA could be detected in isolated skate horizontal cells by means of electrophysiological methods.
(4) Horizontal sections of the left cortex were reacted for the demonstration of HRP.
(5) The horizontal portion of the intracavernous ICA as well as the whole aspect of the aneurysm could be exposed as a result of the extended opening of the cavernous roof anterior to the posterior clinoid process.
(6) The following oculomotor paradigms were investigated: horizontal and vertical saccades of different sizes (10-80 degrees), smooth pursuit eye movements, optokinetic and vestibular nystagmus.
(7) Thus, prostate tissues of mice can be a potential source of horizontally transmitted mammary tumor virus in mice of at least some high mammary cancer strains.
(8) We postulate that an abnormality in retinal dopaminergic neurons, which are known to reduce light responsiveness of horizontal and ganglion cells, is the underlying pathophysiology of this clinical finding.
(9) The lower neck flexion is 35 degrees and extension of the plane of the face 15 degrees, each angle measured relative to horizontal.
(10) The complete thyroid cartilage is dissected out, and then a horizontal cut is made through the cricoid cartilage.
(11) Results of tests on 4 mammalian, 19 reptilian, and 17 avian species confirmed the prediction that lack of optomotor response to monocular optokinetic stimulation in one of the two horizontal directions would correlate with afoveate retinal organization, whereas consistent optomotor responses to monocular stimulation in either horizontal direction would correlate with foveate organization.
(12) Although active head movements reversed horizontal vestibulo-ocular reflexes, vertical vestibulo-ocular reflexes in light and darkness were normal.
(13) In one group of patients peak eye movement velocities alone were measured during horizontal refixation saccades.
(14) Electrophysiological studies were performed to determine whether or not ethanol potentiates the inhibitory effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on medial vestibular nucleus (MVN) neurons responding to horizontal sinusoidal rotation using alpha-chloralose anesthetized cats.
(15) With the head centered over the axis of rotation, no systematic horizontal responses were observed.
(16) After properly fixing the vas deferens with a ring clamp, the surgeon pierces the scrotal skin, vas sheath, and vas deferens in the midline with a curved dissecting clamp held at a 45 degree angle from horizontal.
(17) The "lazy-T" technique consists of a surgical horizontal and vertical shortening of the involved portion of the lower eyelid.
(18) In the case of H1 horizontal cells, which are known to be GABAergic, the neurotransmitter can also be demonstrated by superimposed immunocytochemistry.
(19) The migration of human spermatozoa in cervical mucus obtained from women shortly before mid-cycle was studied, using an in-vitro method for horizontal sperm penetration.
(20) Articulation tests for sound fields simulated with a single reflection of delay time delta t1 after the direct sound were conducted changing the horizontal incident angle xi of the reflection.