(n.) The dense tissues which invest the teeth, and cover the adjacent parts of the jaws.
(v. t.) To deepen and enlarge the spaces between the teeth of (a worn saw). See Gummer.
(n.) A vegetable secretion of many trees or plants that hardens when it exudes, but is soluble in water; as, gum arabic; gum tragacanth; the gum of the cherry tree. Also, with less propriety, exudations that are not soluble in water; as, gum copal and gum sandarac, which are really resins.
(n.) See Gum tree, below.
(n.) A hive made of a section of a hollow gum tree; hence, any roughly made hive; also, a vessel or bin made of a hollow log.
(n.) A rubber overshoe.
(v. t.) To smear with gum; to close with gum; to unite or stiffen by gum or a gumlike substance; to make sticky with a gumlike substance.
(v. i.) To exude or from gum; to become gummy.
Example Sentences:
(1) A modification of the manual glucose oxidase-gum guaiacum method of Shipton, B., Wood, P.J.
(2) In a second set of test sessions, volunteers chewed sugarless gum for 10 minutes, starting 15 minutes after they ate the snack food.
(3) The addition of sodium bicarbonate to gum containing sorbitol markedly enhanced its capacity to cause and maintain an elevation of interproximal plaque pH previously lowered by exposure to fermentable carbohydrate.
(4) The model has been used to evaluate mineral changes from the use of fluoride dentifrices and rinses, chewing gum, and food sequencing.
(5) There were hemorrhages in sclera, gums and left tonsillar area and a grayish exudate on right tonsil.
(6) The median time to intubation with the gum elastic bougie while simulating an 'epiglottis only' view was only 10 s longer than the time taken during conventional intubation with an optimum view.
(7) The clinical and histological aspects of hypertrophic and hyperplastic gum diseases were examined in order to clarify the aetiopathogenesis of such conditions and facilitate their diagnosis.
(8) On the other hand, wheat bran, pectin, guar gum, and degraded carageenan all stimulate large bowel cell proliferation, the greatest growth response tending to occur in the cecum or proximal colon.
(9) During each test period one group chewed a combination of one piece sorbitol and one piece sucrose flavored gum five times per day, the second group correspondingly chewed xylitol and sucrose flavored gum, while the third group served as a no hygiene control group.
(10) The acid gums are present in the small intestine in the form of their sodium salts.
(11) A cooperative multicenter study was performed to evaluate two salivary secretion methods-the chewing gum test and the Saxon test by a crossover method.
(12) This result suggests that physical dependence (ie, withdrawal) may be a cause of behavioral dependence on nicotine gum (ie, use of gum beyond the recommended period) and physicians should emphasize the need for gradual reduction of nicotine gum.
(13) Gastrointestinal transit time, frequency of defecation, stool weight, and stool consistency were studied in 12 subjects who were each given fiber supplements containing wheat bran, psyllium gum, a combination of wheat bran and psyllium gum, or a low-fiber control for 2 weeks.
(14) Cadbury became the world's largest confectionery company in 2003 after buying up a number of gum brands, including Trident and Stride, but ceded the number one spot to Mars when it took over gum maker Wrigley last year.
(15) Compared to fiber-free, feeding corn bran increased binding in the duodenum 30% and ileum 50% but decreased binding in the jejunum 44%, and feeding guar gum increased binding in the colon 73% but decreased binding in the jejunum 40%.
(16) Concerning combinaisons of ethylene oxide with any gums.
(17) In a new policy paper on how to respond to their growing popularity the RSPH says: "Electronic cigarettes are significantly less harmful than smoked tobacco, and despite some products being visually similar to cigarettes, they are essentially nicotine containing products, or NCPs, like patches and gum".
(18) The second study found that prescribing nicotine gum as an adjunct to counseling would cost only $4,113-6,465 per year of life saved for males and $6,880-9,473 per year of life saved for females.
(20) There are many "smoking cessation therapies" – gums, patches and sprays – that reduce cravings for cigarettes, while allowing the smoker to avoid the adverse effects of tobacco.
Hexone
Definition:
(n.) A liquid hydrocarbon, C6H8, of the valylene series, obtained from distillation products of certain fats and gums.
Example Sentences:
(1) Evidence is presented that the type-specific antibody to the adenovirus hexon is not simply the antibody with the highest activity for cross-reactive determinants, but is a distinct, minority population that recognizes seperate determinants.
(2) We have tested the two principal theories which explain the previous finding that small amounts of type-specific antibody to the adenovirus hexon can neutralize infectivity, whereas even large amounts of cross-reactive antibody do not.
(3) However, combining anti-dodecon and anti-hexon sera or producing antisera against the combined dodecon-hexon components resulted in neutralizing titers which were identical to titers obtained with antisera against the crude virus harvests.
(4) In contrast, only 3.4S polypeptide chains were found in extracts of cells infected with the class of mutants unable to produce immunologically reactive hexon protein at 39.5 degrees C. Hexons synthesized in H5ts147-infected cells at 39.5 degrees C were capable of being assembled into virions, to the same extent as hexons synthesized in WT-infected cells, when the temperature was shifted down to the permissive temperature, 32 degrees C. Infectious virus production was initiated within 2 to 6 h after shift-down to 32 degrees C; de novo protein synthesis was required to allow this increase in viral titer.
(5) Hexon is the major structural protein of adenovirus, and has significance in studies of virus structure and function, vaccine development, and immunodiagnosis.
(6) After strain purification, the virus was grouped as an AV by standard biological tests; it possessed the usual titers of group-specific hexon antigen but only low hemagglutinin titers (1:4 to 1:8) with erythrocytes from selected rhesus monkeys.
(7) Virus-specific antigens, including the DNA-binding protein and hexon, were expressed in only 5% of the Ad2-inoculated cultures.
(8) In exception to this, Ad2-induced crystals did not stain with either hexon or fiber antibody.
(9) Two of the adenovirus capsid proteins, the fiber and the hexon, complexed with either KB cell or type 5 adenovirus deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).
(10) By correlation of this data with the genetic and physical maps of the adenovirus genome, obtained by recombination and restriction endonuclease analysis, the genes coding for the hexon and fiber have been assigned to specific locations on the adenovirus DNA.
(11) We conclude that the hexon protrusions are domains of VP5 hexamers, other parts of these molecules forming the basic matrix of the capsid shell to which the other proteins are attached at specific sites.
(12) To identify the latter, peptides were synthesized corresponding to residues 281 to 292 from loop 1 and 441 to 455 from loop 2 of the Ad2 hexon.
(13) In the early phase of the crystallization, groups of a few hexons began to appear, then the two-dimensional crystal lattices grew gradually to a size of 1-2 micron.
(14) Several primers, including primers specific for the hexon-coding region and for enteric adenovirus types 40 and 41, were evaluated.
(15) In contrast to this, the native capsomer (hexon) of Ad h 1 kappa exhibited lower electrophoretic mobility in agarose gel electrophoresis than the native hexon of Ad h 1B.
(16) The trypsinolysis of native SA7 hexon leads to a stable molecular "core" containing 4-5 fragment species of 10 to 65 kDa and resembling the intact capsomer in quarternary structure (trimer).
(17) The isolated antibodies showed a specific neutralizing capacity five times higher than that of the corresponding unfractionated polyclonal anti-hexon serum; however, the neutralizing ability was independent of pH.
(18) According to this criterion for chemical relatedness, about two-thirds of the type 2 and 5 hexon peptides may be considered similar.
(19) Peptides with identical isoelectric points, but from different hexon types, were considered to have structural similarities.
(20) Comparative studies showed no physico-chemical, immunological or electron microscopic differences between soluble hexons of extracellular and intracellular origin.