(n.) The dense tissues which invest the teeth, and cover the adjacent parts of the jaws.
(v. t.) To deepen and enlarge the spaces between the teeth of (a worn saw). See Gummer.
(n.) A vegetable secretion of many trees or plants that hardens when it exudes, but is soluble in water; as, gum arabic; gum tragacanth; the gum of the cherry tree. Also, with less propriety, exudations that are not soluble in water; as, gum copal and gum sandarac, which are really resins.
(n.) See Gum tree, below.
(n.) A hive made of a section of a hollow gum tree; hence, any roughly made hive; also, a vessel or bin made of a hollow log.
(n.) A rubber overshoe.
(v. t.) To smear with gum; to close with gum; to unite or stiffen by gum or a gumlike substance; to make sticky with a gumlike substance.
(v. i.) To exude or from gum; to become gummy.
Example Sentences:
(1) A modification of the manual glucose oxidase-gum guaiacum method of Shipton, B., Wood, P.J.
(2) In a second set of test sessions, volunteers chewed sugarless gum for 10 minutes, starting 15 minutes after they ate the snack food.
(3) The addition of sodium bicarbonate to gum containing sorbitol markedly enhanced its capacity to cause and maintain an elevation of interproximal plaque pH previously lowered by exposure to fermentable carbohydrate.
(4) The model has been used to evaluate mineral changes from the use of fluoride dentifrices and rinses, chewing gum, and food sequencing.
(5) There were hemorrhages in sclera, gums and left tonsillar area and a grayish exudate on right tonsil.
(6) The median time to intubation with the gum elastic bougie while simulating an 'epiglottis only' view was only 10 s longer than the time taken during conventional intubation with an optimum view.
(7) The clinical and histological aspects of hypertrophic and hyperplastic gum diseases were examined in order to clarify the aetiopathogenesis of such conditions and facilitate their diagnosis.
(8) On the other hand, wheat bran, pectin, guar gum, and degraded carageenan all stimulate large bowel cell proliferation, the greatest growth response tending to occur in the cecum or proximal colon.
(9) During each test period one group chewed a combination of one piece sorbitol and one piece sucrose flavored gum five times per day, the second group correspondingly chewed xylitol and sucrose flavored gum, while the third group served as a no hygiene control group.
(10) The acid gums are present in the small intestine in the form of their sodium salts.
(11) A cooperative multicenter study was performed to evaluate two salivary secretion methods-the chewing gum test and the Saxon test by a crossover method.
(12) This result suggests that physical dependence (ie, withdrawal) may be a cause of behavioral dependence on nicotine gum (ie, use of gum beyond the recommended period) and physicians should emphasize the need for gradual reduction of nicotine gum.
(13) Gastrointestinal transit time, frequency of defecation, stool weight, and stool consistency were studied in 12 subjects who were each given fiber supplements containing wheat bran, psyllium gum, a combination of wheat bran and psyllium gum, or a low-fiber control for 2 weeks.
(14) Cadbury became the world's largest confectionery company in 2003 after buying up a number of gum brands, including Trident and Stride, but ceded the number one spot to Mars when it took over gum maker Wrigley last year.
(15) Compared to fiber-free, feeding corn bran increased binding in the duodenum 30% and ileum 50% but decreased binding in the jejunum 44%, and feeding guar gum increased binding in the colon 73% but decreased binding in the jejunum 40%.
(16) Concerning combinaisons of ethylene oxide with any gums.
(17) In a new policy paper on how to respond to their growing popularity the RSPH says: "Electronic cigarettes are significantly less harmful than smoked tobacco, and despite some products being visually similar to cigarettes, they are essentially nicotine containing products, or NCPs, like patches and gum".
(18) The second study found that prescribing nicotine gum as an adjunct to counseling would cost only $4,113-6,465 per year of life saved for males and $6,880-9,473 per year of life saved for females.
(20) There are many "smoking cessation therapies" – gums, patches and sprays – that reduce cravings for cigarettes, while allowing the smoker to avoid the adverse effects of tobacco.
Tum
Definition:
Example Sentences:
(1) The DNA of tum- variant P35 was transfected into P815 cell line P1.HTR.
(2) Mutagen treatment of mouse P815 tumor cells produces tum- variants that are rejected by syngeneic mice because these variants express new surface antigens.
(3) We have isolated human and bovine cDNA clones that encode the homologs of the mouse tum- antigen P198.
(4) apparently not to be due to any mutation such as typ, tup, tmp, per or tum.
(5) The diversity of these antigens appears to be very large, like that of the tum- antigens.
(6) Immunization of rats with one C variant (C8) tum- cells did not protect them against either metastases or local growth of the implanted tumours.
(7) This antigenic pattern is similar to that found on teratocarcinoma tum- variants.
(8) Each of these "tum-" variants is rejected in syngeneic mice and stimulates the production of immune memory cells (self-protection).
(9) Mutagen treatment of P815 tumour cells produces tum- variants that are rejected by syngeneic mice because they express new transplantation antigens.
(10) The cells carrying the mutant alleles have impaired tumorigenicity compared with their progenitors due to in vivo induction of a cytotoxic T-cell response specific for tum- antigens.
(11) The drug susceptibility pattern of the strains revealed that there was no significant association of resistance between Tum and streptomycin or rifampicin or ethambutol or ethionamide or isoniazid.
(12) The sequence of this gene and that of two other tum- genes are totally unrelated with each other and with any sequence presently recorded in data banks.
(13) Our results suggest that the procedure of using a mutagen in order to generate tum- variants carrying new transplantation antigens may be generally applicable to cancer cells.
(14) Rumbling tums can be quietened at plenty of places to eat round the estate, until 5.30pm.
(15) Although tum+ clones grew in normal mice, immune mice were able to prevent the growth of tum+ clones with high levels of H-2 antigens.
(16) We have analyzed the effects of high doses of cyclophosphamide (Cy) on primary and secondary antitumor immune response against immunogenic (tum-) variants of Lewis lung carcinoma (3LL) treated in vitro with UV light.
(17) The tum- allele differs from its normal counterpart by a point mutation.
(18) Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) of Tumble Blook (TUM) and Japan Medical Science (JMS) stocks were compared with regard to susceptibility to Leptospira interrogans serovar copenhageni.
(19) The tum- clones are therefore unable to generate tumors in syngeneic mice because they elicit an immune rejection response.
(20) No H-2 antigens were found on the cell surface of the parental BL6 clones, whereas all tum- clones from the BL6T2 line expressed high levels of H-2 antigens.