(n.) The hard, central part of the trunk of a tree, consisting of the old and matured wood, and usually differing in color from the outer layers. It is technically known as duramen, and distinguished from the softer sapwood or alburnum.
Example Sentences:
(1) Melacacidin, known to be the main constituent of these flavan derivatives in the heartwood, was isolated and its sensitizing capacity in guinea pigs determined.
(2) beta-Sitosterol, beta-sitosterol-beta-D-glucopyranoside and a butyrolactone lignan disaccharide, ramontoside, were isolated from the heartwood of Flacourtia ramontchi.
(3) Five isoflavonoids, including the new isoflavone quinone, 5-hydroxybowdichione [2], were isolated from the heartwood of Dalbergia candenatensis through bioactivity-directed fractionation.
(4) The major components of untreated wood--cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin--have not been implicated as toxicants, but extractive substances, especially in heartwood, can be toxic.
(5) heartwood had antibacterial activity against cariogenic bacteria, the mutans Streptococci.
(6) 3,3',4,5'-Tetrahydroxystilbene (I) and 3,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxybibenzyl (II), isolated from the heartwood of Cassia garrettiana Craib (Leguminosae), showed inhibitory effects on antigen-induced histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells in vitro.
(7) The heartwood of A. auriculiformis contains a typical mixture of analogues consisting of three isomeric flavan-3,4-diols, a dihydroflavonol, flavanone, flavonol and chalcone based on the 4',7,8-trihydroxyl pattern.
(8) The root heartwood of Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen (Leguminosae) is a Chinese medicinal drug (Japanese name koshinko) used for a stagnant blood syndrome (stagnation of disordered blood; Japanese, oketsu).
(9) Alcoholic extracts of the heartwood of Liriodendron tulipifera have demonstrated antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Mycobacterium smegmatis, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus niger.
(10) It was concluded that the aqueous extract of heartwood is laminogenic to horses, but the active ingredient is not juglone.
(11) An aqueous extract of the heartwood of black walnut (Juglans nigra) was given via stomach tube to 10 horses.
(12) A new taxane diterpene and three known taxane diterpenes were isolated from the heartwood of Taxus mairei grown in Fujian province of China and identified as 1-dehydroxy-baccatin VI, baccatin VI, 1-dehydroxybaccatin IV, and taxinne J on the basis of spectral data.
(13) Wattle bark and heartwood ;tannins' consist of the analogues of closely related prototypes with common origins in the vascular tissues of the bark.
(14) An aqueous extract was made from black walnut (Juglans nigra) heartwood obtained in the fall of the year.
(15) The compounds 1-6 were isolated from the heartwood of Plumeria rubra, following bioactivity-directed fractionation.
(16) The distributions of flavonoid, carbohydrate, amino acid and imino acid components in the leaves, twig bark, stem bark, root bark and heartwoods of the black-wattle tree were compared by paper chromatography after their isolation from specific portions of the tree.
Sassafras
Definition:
(n.) An American tree of the Laurel family (Sassafras officinale); also, the bark of the roots, which has an aromatic smell and taste.
Example Sentences:
(1) Dr Haines describes a case in which diaphoresis was caused not by a conventional medication or illness but rather by a life-style change in which the patient began consuming sassafras tea.
(2) Diospyros and extracts of Sassafras albidum and Chenopodium ambrosiodes were tumorigenic in over 50% of the treated animals.
(3) The anti-inflammatory activities of new compounds (I, II, III and IV) synthesized in 30% overall yield from the abundant natural product safrole, the principal chemical constituent of the oil of sassafras (Ocotea pretiosa, Lauraceae), were determined in mice.
(4) Extracts of two plant species (Echinacea angustifolia roots and Chamaecyparis lawsoniana seeds) showed high juvenilizing activity in T. MOLITOR, AND EXtracts of five plant species (Clethra alnifolia stems, leaves, and fruits, Sassafras albidum roots and root bark, Eucalyptus camaldulensis stems and bark, Pinus rigida twigs and leaves, and Iris douglasiana roots, stems, and fruits) were highly active in O. fasciatus an extract of Tsuga canadensis leaves showed lower activity in this insect.