(n.) A force in nature which is recognized in various effects, but especially in the phenomena of fusion and evaporation, and which, as manifested in fire, the sun's rays, mechanical action, chemical combination, etc., becomes directly known to us through the sense of feeling. In its nature heat is a mode if motion, being in general a form of molecular disturbance or vibration. It was formerly supposed to be a subtile, imponderable fluid, to which was given the name caloric.
(n.) The sensation caused by the force or influence of heat when excessive, or above that which is normal to the human body; the bodily feeling experienced on exposure to fire, the sun's rays, etc.; the reverse of cold.
(n.) High temperature, as distinguished from low temperature, or cold; as, the heat of summer and the cold of winter; heat of the skin or body in fever, etc.
(n.) Indication of high temperature; appearance, condition, or color of a body, as indicating its temperature; redness; high color; flush; degree of temperature to which something is heated, as indicated by appearance, condition, or otherwise.
(n.) A single complete operation of heating, as at a forge or in a furnace; as, to make a horseshoe in a certain number of heats.
(n.) A violent action unintermitted; a single effort; a single course in a race that consists of two or more courses; as, he won two heats out of three.
(n.) Utmost violence; rage; vehemence; as, the heat of battle or party.
(n.) Agitation of mind; inflammation or excitement; exasperation.
(n.) Animation, as in discourse; ardor; fervency.
(n.) Sexual excitement in animals.
(n.) Fermentation.
(v. t.) To make hot; to communicate heat to, or cause to grow warm; as, to heat an oven or furnace, an iron, or the like.
(v. t.) To excite or make hot by action or emotion; to make feverish.
(v. t.) To excite ardor in; to rouse to action; to excite to excess; to inflame, as the passions.
(v. i.) To grow warm or hot by the action of fire or friction, etc., or the communication of heat; as, the iron or the water heats slowly.
(v. i.) To grow warm or hot by fermentation, or the development of heat by chemical action; as, green hay heats in a mow, and manure in the dunghill.
(imp. & p. p.) Heated; as, the iron though heat red-hot.
Example Sentences:
(1) Tryptic digestion of the membranes caused complete disappearance of the binding activity, but heat-treatment for 5 min at 70 degrees C caused only 40% loss of activity.
(2) A new and simple method of serotyping campylobacters has been developed which utilises co-agglutination to detect the presence of heat-stable antigens.
(3) The 40 degrees C heating induced an increase in systolic, diastolic, average and pulse pressure at rectal temperature raised to 40 degrees C. Further growth of the body temperature was accompanied by a decrease in the above parameters.
(4) The effect of heat on glucocorticoids of plasma was not significant.
(5) This Mr 20,000 inhibitory activity was acid and heat stable and sensitive to dithiothreitol and trypsin.
(6) There is a relationship between the duration of stimulation (t) and the total heat production (H) of the type H = A plus bt, where A and b are constants.
(7) This suggests that there was a deterioration of the vasoconstrictor response and indicated a possible effect of heat at the receptor or effector level.
(8) While both inhibitors caused thermosensitization, they did not affect the time scale for the development of thermotolerance at 42 degrees C or after acute heating at 45 degrees C. The inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribosylation) radiosensitizers and thermosensitizers may be of use in the treatment of cancer using a combined modality of radiation and hyperthermia.
(9) The binding to DNA-cellulose of heat-activated [3H]RU486-receptor complexes was slightly decreased (37%) when compared with that of the agonist [3H]R5020-receptor complexes (47%).
(10) By means of rapid planar Hill type antimony-bismuth thermophiles the initial heat liberated by papillary muscles was measured synchronously with developed tension for control (C), pressure-overload (GOP), and hypothyrotic (PTU) rat myocardium (chronic experiments) and after application of 10(-6) M isoproterenol or 200 10(-6) M UDCG-115.
(11) The return of NE to normal levels after one month is consistent with the observation that LH-lesioned rats are by one month postlesion no longer hypermetabolic, but display levels of heat production appropriate to the reduced body weight they then maintain.
(12) It is the action of this protease that releases the enzyme from the membrane, as shown by the observations that protease inhibitors decreased the amount of solubilization of the enzyme, and the enzyme remaining in the membrane after heating showed much less proteolytic cleavage than that which was released.
(13) The apparent sensitivity of Escherichia coli K12 to mild heat was increased by recA (def), recB and polA, but not by uvrA, uvrB or recF mutations.
(14) Michele Hanson 'The heat finally broke – I realised something had to change …' Stuart Heritage (right) with his brother in 2003.
(15) The data suggest that inhibition of gain in weight with the addition of pyruvate and dihydroxyacetone to the diet is the result of an increased loss of calories as heat at the expense of storage as lipid.
(16) Induction of both potential transcripts follows heat shock in vivo.
(17) Lebedev punched Polonsky during a heated early recording of NTVshniki.
(18) At the site of injury heat itself causes microvascular damage.
(19) Acid-fast bacilli were isolated from 3 out of 41 mice inoculoted with heat killed bacilli.
(20) Mean run time and total ST time were faster with CE (by 1.4 and 1.2 min) although not significantly different (P less than 0.06 and P less than 0.10) from P. Subjects reported no significant difference in nausea, fullness, or stomach upset with CE compared to P. General physiological responses were similar for each drink during 2 h of multi-modal exercise in the heat; however, blood glucose, carbohydrate utilization, and exercise intensity at the end of a ST may be increased with CE fluid replacement.
Refrigeration
Definition:
(n.) The act or process of refrigerating or cooling, or the state of being cooled.
Example Sentences:
(1) This study was designed to examine the effect of the storage configuration of skin and the ratio of tissue-to-storage medium on the viability of skin stored under refrigeration.
(2) Cat corneas were stored at refrigerator temperatures in M-K medium (TC-199, 5% dextran), modified M-K medium (TC-199, 1% chondroitin sulfate), or on the intact globe in moist chambers for intervals of one to nine days.
(3) The brewery kept winning trophies at the Australian International Beer Awards year in, year out, yet its head brewer refused to send beer east until he could guarantee refrigerated transport.
(4) With few exceptions, there is no alteration in cellular morphology if the brain is refrigerated after death, and fixed by immersion within 3 hours.
(5) The results suggest that shipment and long-term storage of freeze-dried foot-and-mouth disease virus antigens is possible for use in the ELISA in the absence of refrigeration.
(6) Annual savings in tonnes of CO 2 Install 2 kilowatt solar PV panels 0.4 Buy a new A++ refrigerator if yours is more than 4 years old, and only use a small-screen TV 0.1 Use LED or fluorescent lights where you currently have halogen lights installed 0.1 Buy an automated system to turn off appliances when not in use; get a meter that shows actual energy use and use it to monitor your household 0.1 Only use your washing machine and dishwasher when full to capacity and at lowest temperature 0.1 Never use the tumble dryer 0.1 Get rid of the freezer if you can, and replace your small appliances with "eco" varieties 0.1 Car (1.5 tonnes of CO 2 ) There is one car for every two people in the UK, and each one travels an average of about 9,000 miles a year.
(7) Fluorescent pseudomonads were shown to constitute a second group of predominant pseudomonads constituting up to 19.3% of the total population after 8 days of refrigerated storage.
(8) Fish skin gelatin showed much better blocking activity than hydrolyzed porcine gelatin, and it still had the practical advantage of remaining fluid even under refrigeration.
(9) Samples stored at frozen (-20 degrees C) or refrigerated (4 degrees C) temperature retained at least 90% of the initial ampicillin concentration throughout the 47-day study period.
(10) Refrigerate for at least four hours until the pudding feels firm to the touch.
(11) Samples were taken after 0.8 and 24 hours, whereas half of these last two analyses were carried out in material left at room temperature, and the other half in refrigerated diets.
(12) Therefore, the results indicate that refrigerated parenteral nutrition bags can be administered directly to the patient without waiting for the mixture to warm up, anytime the length of the infusion system is over 145 cm.
(13) A gradual decrease in the number of viable L. monocytogenes cells was observed in juice and sauce held at 21 degrees C. In contrast, the organism died rapidly when suspended in commercial tomato ketchup at 5 and 21 degrees C. Unlike low-acid raw salad vegetables such as lettuce, broccoli, asparagus, and cauliflower on which we have observed L. monocytogenes grow at refrigeration temperatures, tomatoes are not a good growth substrate for the organism.
(14) Twenty-six (33%) of 79 refrigerators with foods that grew L monocytogenes contained at least one food isolate of the same strain as that in the corresponding patient, a frequency much higher than would be expected by chance (P less than .001).
(15) Fetal mesencephalic tissue was grafted into the lateral ventricle following pregraft refrigeration in calcium-free magnesium-free buffer at 4 degrees C. Fetal mesencephalic tissue was hibernated for 5, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32 hours (group A, B, C, D, E, F and G, respectively).
(16) Updated at 6.49pm BST 10.36am BST Shaun Walker reports from Torez that the victims' bodies are being brought to three railway cars, apparently with refrigerator capability, which are standing at the train station in the town of Torez, several miles from the crash site.
(17) Delays in the postmortem enucleation and refrigeration of potential donor corneas was shown to be detrimental to the functioning of the endothelium.
(18) fluids and admixtures that had been stored at refrigerated temperatures were determined.
(19) The origin was the contamination of parenteral nutrition admixture from a resting place in the refrigerator of the parenteral mixture preparation room.
(20) The light absorbance of the clarified HPA digestion product was measured directly, after a brief incubation period, and was stable to storage of samples in diffuse daylight for at least 2 d. Proteinase produced by growth in refrigerated whole milk of as few as 2.5 X 10(6) cfu ml-1 of Pseudomonas fluorescens AR11 was detected.