(n.) A compound radical, C7H15, regarded as the essential radical of heptane and a related series of compounds.
Example Sentences:
(1) This derivative is prepared by a sequential alkylation procedure in which the phenolic hydroxyl group of the parent compound is alkylated off-column with heptyl iodide and the amide group is derivatized on-column by reaction with trimethylanilinium hydroxide.
(2) A biphasic relationship was given by 2-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline N-oxide and piericidin A which was due to these compounds acting both as inhibitors of the respiratory chain and, at higher concentrations, as uncoupling agents.
(3) The respiratory chain inhibitor 2-n-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline N-oxide appeared to act at two sites.
(4) The present study compares the competitive effect of atropine on the actions of the full agonist carbachol, under conditions of irreversible blockade, with the competitive effect of atropine on partial agonists such as pilocarpine or heptyl trimethylammonium.
(5) The half-lives of the transfer of the homologous compounds under sink conditions show a minimum between the heptyl and octyl derivative.
(6) Both activities were efficiently albeit not completely blocked by 2-n-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline N-oxide.
(7) Positive chainlength effects were also indicated by the Kd values for the N-ethyl and N-heptyl derivatives obtained from studies of the saturation kinetics observed for inactivation of the enzyme at high concentrations of these maleimides.
(8) The binding of various linear and branched chain alkylisocyanides to soybean leghemoglobin has been studied with respect to association and dissociation kinetics and the results compared with those obtained in parallel on sperm whale and horse heart myoglobins; the linear ligands used (methyl to n-heptyl) cover a greater distribution of chain lengths than hitherto used.
(9) Difference spectra in the presence of 2-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline suggest a possible site of interaction of this compound at the substrate side of cytochrome b. Reduced-minus-oxidized spectra of ascorbate-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine suggest the participation of b-, a-, and d-type cytochromes in terminal oxidase activity.
(10) X-ray crystallography studies of racemic 5-[7-[4-(4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-2-oxazolyl)phenoxy]heptyl]- 3-methylisoxazole bound to human rhinovirus-14 (HRV-14) indicate selective binding of the S isomer.
(11) Clinical trials with heptyl physostigmine will enable a more rigorous evaluation of cholinomimetic therapy for dementia.
(12) A series of antibacterial N-(omega, omega'-(cycloalkyl, bicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl, and alkyl-substituted phenyl)-sec-alkyl]poly(methylene)triamine and -tetramine hydrochloride salts were synthesized in an effort to develop efficient, nonsystemic inhibitors, particularly for Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
(13) A gas-chromatographic procedure for acetaminophen is described in which the drug is chromatographed as the O-heptyl-N-methyl derivative.
(14) When the unbranched hydrocarbon chain of the quaternary amines was extended in steps from C1 (methyl) to C16 (cetyl), the inhibitory effect increased sharply with length from C7 (heptyl) to C16.
(15) The apparent Km for the donor is lowered by the electron-transfer inhibitor 2-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline-N-oxide (HQNO) which causes therefore a stimulation of the rate of the reaction at non-saturating concentrations of the donors.
(16) Heptyl-physostigmine (heptyl-Phy), a new carbamate derivative of physostigmine (Phy), has been assessed for potential clinical value by evaluating its in vitro activity against human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), its duration of in vivo activity against rat plasma AChE, and its effects on attenuating a scopolamine-induced impairment in learning performance of young rats in a 14-unit T-maze.
(17) The results for the agonists, n-pentyl- and n-hexyl-trimethyl ammonium iodides and for the partial agonist, n-heptyl-trimethyl ammonium iodide were not as regular as was suggested by Stephenson, though there is an overall increase in apparent affinity with chain length.
(18) However, those drugs that were found to inhibit babesial growth included compounds (shown in parentheses) that have the following putative mitochondrial targets in the parasite: ATP synthetase complex (rhodamine 123, oligomycin, Janus Green); ATP-ADP translocase (bongkrekic acid); electron transport (rotenone, n-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline-N-oxide (HQNO), antimycin A); ubiquinone (CoQ) function (BW58C, menoctone); protein synthesis (tetracycline); and the proton pump (CCCP).
(19) Based on the effects of both serum GOT and GPT elevation, N6-butyl- and N6-heptyl-cAMP were the most potent.
(20) The same spiro[2.5]octyl cation was also obtained by ionization of isomeric bicyclo[4.2.0]octan-1-ol and bicyclo[4.1.0]heptyl-1-methanol.
Hydrogen
Definition:
(n.) A gaseous element, colorless, tasteless, and odorless, the lightest known substance, being fourteen and a half times lighter than air (hence its use in filling balloons), and over eleven thousand times lighter than water. It is very abundant, being an ingredient of water and of many other substances, especially those of animal or vegetable origin. It may by produced in many ways, but is chiefly obtained by the action of acids (as sulphuric) on metals, as zinc, iron, etc. It is very inflammable, and is an ingredient of coal gas and water gas. It is standard of chemical equivalents or combining weights, and also of valence, being the typical monad. Symbol H. Atomic weight 1.
Example Sentences:
(1) The hypothesis that proteins are critical targets in free radical mediated cytolysis was tested using U937 mononuclear phagocytes as targets and iron together with hydrogen peroxide to generate radicals.
(2) It has been conformed that catalase from bovine liver eliminates only the pro R hydrogen atom from ethanol.
(3) We investigated the possible contribution made by oropharyngeal microfloral fermentation of ingested carbohydrate to the generation of the early, transient exhaled breath hydrogen rise seen after carbohydrate ingestion.
(4) Hydrogen isotope effects on these mutants indicate that MotA catalyzes proton transfer.
(5) Excessive accumulation of hydrogen ions in the brain may play a pivotal role in initiating the necrosis seen in infarction and following hyperglycemic augmentation of ischemic brain damage.
(6) Studies were conducted in isolated, buffer-perfused rat lungs to determine if prostaglandin (PG) E1 attenuated pulmonary edema provoked by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).
(7) All N and O atoms except N(3) and O(4') participate in a three-dimensional hydrogen-bonding system.
(8) Both adiphenine.HCl and proadifen.HCl form more stable complexes, suggesting that hydrogen bonding to the carbonyl oxygen by the hydroxyl-group on the rim of the CD ring could be an important contributor to the complexation.
(9) Control mutant S38N has stability essentially the same as that of wild-type lysozyme but hydrogen bonding similar to that of the stabilizing mutant S38D.
(10) High intensity ultrasound also enhances the heterogeneous catalysis of alkene hydrogenation by Ni powders.
(11) An atmosphere of hydrogen eliminates this inhibition in the hydrogenase-containing T. foetus but not in E. invadens which lacks the enzyme.
(12) Vanadate-dependent oxidation of either pyridine nucleotide was inhibited by the addition of either superoxide dismutase or catalase, indicating that both superoxide and hydrogen peroxide may be intermediates in the process.
(13) Our findings suggest that (a) the inclusion of a liquid meal provides a reproducible method of measuring orocaecal transit using the lactulose hydrogen breath test, (b) rapid small bowel transit in thyrotoxicosis may be one factor in the diarrhoea which is a feature of the disease and (c) if altered gut transit is the cause of sluggish bowel habit in hypothyroidism, delay in the colon, and not small bowel, is likely to be responsible.
(14) Stepwise hydrogenation of metal tetradehydrocorrin salts (10 double bonds) yields a series of macrocycles containing 9, 8, 7, 6 and 5 double bonds and conditions necessary to obtain corrins have been established.
(15) For dipeptides containing the amino terminal residues glycine, alanine and phenylalanine, abstraction of the hydrogen from the carbon adjacent to the peptide nitrogen was the major process leading to the spin-adducts.
(16) (7) The first-order radical transformation rates are independent of the (initial) concentration of N3 or peptide and unaffected by urea (as a modifier of hydrogen bond structures).
(17) Intermolecular contacts occur in both oligomers in the minor groove: in the B form through twisted guanine-guanine hydrogen bonding, and in the Z form through base-base stacking and the water network.
(18) Equilibrium-partitioning measurements indicate that the relative affinities of different probes for PC-rich vesicles, in competition with HODMA or DOTAP vesicles, increase with increasing hydrogen-bonding capacity of the probe headgroup in the order PC less than N,N-dimethyl PE less than N-methyl PE less than PE approximately phosphatidyl-2-amino-1-propanol.
(19) When tissue metabolism was irreversibly inhibited by exposure to formaldehyde, hydrogen ion concentration and pCO2 were significantly decreased in the mucosal side of the chamber compared with the viable gall bladder.
(20) Based on the refined atomic coordinates of the tRNAphe in the orthorhombic crystal, on the recent advances in the distance dependence of the ring-current magnetic field effects and on the adopted values for the isolated hydrogen-bonded NH resonances, a computed spectrum consisting of 23 protons was constructed.