(1) For example, we have used it to calculate the relative stabilities of the B and Z conformations of d(C-G)6, and the B and heteronomous (H) conformations of dA12.dT12, as a function of salt concentration.
(2) We have performed a conformational analysis of DNA double helices poly(dA).poly(dT) with parallel directed backbone strands in heteronomic model frames.
(3) Recent observations that the heteronomous structural model for poly(dA).poly(dT) is not found in solution and that in this DNA, the two strands are conformationally equivalent (J. Biomole.
(4) Following our earlier studies of the interaction of DNA and monovalent ions, we examined the X-ray diffraction of the bivalent Ca2+ salt of poly(dA).poly(dT) (Ca-poly(dA).poly(dT)) and found no sign of a heteronomous structure: Ca-poly(dA).poly(dT) in fibres shows fully equivalent B-type conformations of the opposite sugar-phosphate chains.
(5) In adolescents and youths with torpid and paroxysmal progressive schizophrenia the authors analyzed in relation to age the syndrome of anxiety depression without heteronomic inclusions.
(6) The structure that we have proposed for the polynucleotide RNA-DNA hybrid in solution is in complete agreement with that proposed for a hexamer hybrid in solution from NOE data and is inconsistent with the heteronomous model proposed for the fibrous state.
(7) Three E.coli promoters with the consensus sequences in the -35 and -10 regions and the 17 bp spacer made of random, heteronomous, and of both these classes of AT DNA simultaneously were constructed and cloned into plasmid pDS3.
(8) Extension experiments reveal that the alternate structure is also heteronomous, in agreement with the nicking patterns generated by S1 and mung bean nucleases and by venom phosphodiesterase.
(9) Until recently the heteronomous DNA described by Arnott et al., with the poly(dA) and poly(dT) chains in A and B conformations respectively, was the only detailed model of this structure.
(10) Three of the five hybrids (poly[r(A) X d(U)], poly[r(A) X d(T)], and poly[d(T) X r(A) X d(T)]) were found to have heteronomous conformations, while poly[r(U) X d(A) X r(U)] was found to be the most A-like and poly[r(T) X d(A) X r(T)], the least A-like.
(11) The B form of (GA)38 has a 10.4-base pair helical repeat, but the two phosphodiester backbones have different conformations (heteronomous DNA with a dinucleotide repeat unit).
(12) Electrophoretic gel mobilities of restriction fragments containing these promoters indicated that bending of the latter was proportional to the number of heteronomous AT DNA tracts.
(13) As a model for the heteronomous conformation in solution, the duplex poly(rA).poly(dT) was used.
(14) It is concluded that both poly(dA).poly(dT) and d(AAAAATTTTT)2 adopt a fully heteronomous duplex geometry in cast films at low humidity.
(15) According to the exchange data the conformation of poly(dA).poly(dT) in 6 M CsF corresponds to the "heteronomous" DNA model or some other structure with lower accessibility of C8H groups of adenylic residues.
(16) At 30 degrees C and [NaCl] = 1 M, namely at an intermediate state, a fraction of this molecules was considered to have a "heteronomous A" form (with O4'endo-anti guanosine and C3' endo-anti cytidine).
(17) Heteronomous ribose sugar pucker is evident in both supercoiled and nicked plasmid species.
(18) Homonomous (B-B) and heteronomous (B-C) convergence has been observed in B neurons, and also the convergence of a collateral of a C postsynaptic axon on B neurons.
(19) In view of the hydration mechanism stabilizing poly[d(A)].poly[d(T)] and of the polynucleotide's heteronomous prehistory (Arnott et al., Nucleic Acids Res.
(20) Absence of distinguishable differences in exchange rate constants for purinic residues of the (II), (III) and (IV) (compared to that of the B-form DNA) evidences that conformations of these polynucleotides in solution are similar to "canonical" B-form DNA and don't correlate with the model of "heteronomous" DNA which was proposed for (IV).
Heteronymous
Definition:
(a.) Having different names or designations; standing in opposite relations.
Example Sentences:
(1) 26) and the nerve to a heteronymous muscle, soleus.
(2) Heteronymous excitatory responses were observed in the elctromyogram of the knee extensor muscle vastus medialis (VM), when the latter was prior contracted.
(3) Presynaptic inhibition of homonymous Ia afferent terminals to soleus, quadriceps and tibialis anterior motoneurons and of heteronymous Ia fibres from quadriceps to soleus was compared in the same subjects when standing without support and during a control situation (sitting or standing with back support).
(4) The individual EPSPs evoked by the action of single Ia fibers from cat triceps surae (MG, LG, SOL) were recorded in homonymous and heteronymous motoneurons innervating these same three muscles.
(5) The "rebound" in heteronymous Ia facilitation was interpreted as a relative decrease in presynaptic inhibition to which nonspecific suprasegmental and cutaneous effects contributed.
(6) Other factors being equal, the single-fiber e.p.s.p.s evoked in homonymous and heteronymous motoneurons were approximately equal in amplitude.
(7) Individual EPSPs were larger on the average if evoked a) in SOL rather than in MG or LG motoneurons, b) by LG rather than by MG or SOL afferent fibers, or c) in homonymous rather than in heteronymous motoneurons.
(8) The short-latency antidromic activity produced in muscle nerves by stimulating heteronymous muscle nerves thus appears to be a DRR produced in Group I terminal arborizations that are depolarized close to threshold during the flexion phase.
(9) Afferent conduction velocity, motoneuron conduction velocity, rheobase current, and position of the motoneuron relative to the spinal cord afferent entry were all correlated with EPSP amplitude, but the amplitude difference between homonymous and heteronymous connections remained significant after the statistical removal analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) of the contribution of these variables.
(10) muscle were recorded intracellularly from homonymous and heteronymous motoneurons in order to study factors that influence the amplitudes of such responses.
(11) In a separate experiment, the monosynaptic affects from both homonymous and heteronymous single-Ia afferents were examined in each of 88 MG or LG motoneurons.
(12) Steady-state recurrent (Renshaw) inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (RIPSPs) were evoked in cat triceps surae motoneurons by stimulating the heteronymous muscle nerve at 100 Hz after dorsal root section.
(13) It is therefore argued that the amount of heteronymous I a facilitation can indeed be used to assess the amount of ongoing presynaptic inhibition exerted onto heteronymous I a fibres from the quadriceps muscle to soleus motoneurones.
(14) Stimulation of homonymous or heteronymous pairs of two forelimb nerves of both sides evoked generally a distinct spatial facilitation of the excitatory and late inhibitory effects, while the specific early IPSPs to FDHL motoneurones were not facilitated.
(15) Metabolites produced by (static) muscle contractions stimulate group III and IV muscle afferents, which activate gamma-motoneurones projecting to both homonymous and heteronymous muscles.
(16) When BC or SP nerves were stimulated at 1.5-4 times threshold (T) for their motor axons, no short-latency heteronymous reflexes could be identified in most neck muscles.
(17) Homonymous sprouting displays strict specificity, regeneration does not and heteronymous sprouting represents an intermediate form in which cells are recruited from adjacent motor neuron pools in the segment of the spared innervation.
(18) On the other hand, no change was recognized in the slow depression which was caused by a group I volley of the heteronymous common peroneal nerve and was regarded as the presynaptic inhibition.
(19) The present heteronymous reflex, acting between limb segments, is modulated coincident with ongoing contraction level in the target muscle.
(20) These relationships were qualitatively similar for homonymous and heteronymous connections.