What's the difference between heterotaxy and transposition?
Heterotaxy
Definition:
(n.) Variation in arrangement from that existing in a normal form; heterogenous arrangement or structure, as, in botany, the deviation in position of the organs of a plant, from the ordinary or typical arrangement.
Example Sentences:
(1) An 11-year-old girl presented with obstructive jaundice, malrotation, and heterotaxy, which were found in association with common bile duct anomalies and intermittent common bile duct obstruction.
(2) There were two early and two late deaths for a total mortality rate of 20% in the patients with heterotaxy syndrome, as compared with 8.5% for the patients without this syndrome who underwent the Fontan procedure during the same time period.
(3) The heterotaxy syndrome is a rare condition and very often combined with congenital abnormalities or malformations.
(4) The diagnosis of visceral heterotaxy (Ivemark's syndrome) was established after scanning the patient with a new radiopharmaceutical, 99mTechnetium pyridoxylidene glutamate.
(5) Although the mortality rate has improved for patients without this syndrome undergoing the Fontan procedure, it remains high for patients with heterotaxy syndrome.
(6) Because the prognosis for a fetus with cardiosplenic syndromes depends mainly on the severity of the cardiac abnormality cases of visceral heterotaxy should be classified according to the predominant feature, the heart malformation.
(7) Group B (158 fetuses) had 57 fetuses with heterotaxy syndrome (36.1%), including 20 cases with solitus-like, 6 with inversus-like, 30 with right isomerism, and one with left isomerism.
(8) This case illustrates that the differential diagnosis of obstructive jaundice, even in older children, should include congenital anomalies, and that biliary anomalies should be considered in cases of malrotation and heterotaxy.
(9) The Fontan procedure remains the preferred palliative procedure for patients with heterotaxy syndrome.
(10) Isolated ventricular inversion without situs inversus or visceral heterotaxy has previously been reported in English in only three patients, none with tricuspid atresia.
(11) Radionuclide imaging with the new generation of hepatobiliary agents is a reliable method to document asplenia and is useful in studying patients with visceral heterotaxy.
(12) Abdominal visceral heterotaxy was the most frequent radiographic finding.
(13) This study suggests that the outcome of the Fontan procedure in patients with heterotaxy syndrome may be improved by early protection of the pulmonary vascular bed, despite the existence of other cardiac anomalies.
(14) A diagnostic approach to cardiac malposition and the heterotaxy syndrome is outlined.
(15) Polysplenia syndrome includes malrotation and various forms of heterotaxy.
(16) Associated malformations of extremities with heterotaxis were present in hitherto undescribed combinations.
(17) Due to the lack of uniformity in the criteria for formulating the diagnosis of the syndrome of heterotaxy, 12 cases with this abnormality were reviewed.
(18) These results show that the maternal DM in this mouse had an influence upon the morphological mechanism determining right isomerism of visceroatrial heterotaxy syndrome.
(19) Five other cases of abnormal umbilical venous entry into the right atrium have been reported in the literature, but associated with severe malformations, with situs ambiguous and heterotaxy.
(20) The first syndrome includes a partially patent atrioventricular canal with a joint atrium, an absence of the hepatic segment of the inferior vena cava, a partally anomalous drainage of the pulmonary veins, bilobular lungs, abdominal heterotaxy and polysplenism.
Transposition
Definition:
(n.) The act of transposing, or the state of being transposed.
(n.) The bringing of any term of an equation from one side over to the other without destroying the equation.
(n.) A change of the natural order of words in a sentence; as, the Latin and Greek languages admit transposition, without inconvenience, to a much greater extent than the English.
(n.) A change of a composition into another key.
Example Sentences:
(1) A case of incomplete peno-scrotal transposition, with a perineal anorectal duplication, vesico-ureteric reflux and thoracic hemivertebrae is presented.
(2) This modified transposon may be useful for studies of other bacteria that support transposition of Mu, but not Tn5, derivatives.
(3) This report adds another modification of the standard gastrocnemius muscle flap: transtibial transposition of the muscle through the posterior cortex.
(4) Together these rearrangements occur at about 10% the rate of IS10 transposition.
(5) A final experiment confirmed a prediction from the above theory that when recalling the original sequence, omissions (recalling no word) will decrease and transpositions (giving the wrong word) will increase as noise level increases.
(6) An accurate description of the coronary anatomy is desired before anatomic correction of d-transposition of the great arteries.
(7) Restriction endonuclease analysis of the resulting plasmids have shown, that among them were the end products of the Tn2555 transposition from RP4 to pBR325.
(8) Transposition of En-1 in the potato clone was analysed by Southern blot hybridization and confirmed by molecular isolation of En-1 excision and integration events.
(9) Transposition of prolabium not required in the definitive lip repair into the floor of the nose permits subsequent columellar construction.
(10) Six had a univentricular heart of left ventricular morphology, three had a single ventricle of right ventricular morphology, one had tricuspid atresia with transposition of the great arteries, one had pulmonary atresia, intact ventricular septum, and hypoplastic right ventricle, and one had corrected transposition with hypoplastic systemic ventricle.
(11) Twenty-four patients had uncomplicated ventricular septal defect, 2 had single ventricle, 5 had transposition of the great arteries, 5 had atrioventricular canal defects, and 2 had coarctation of the aorta and ventricular septal defect.
(12) However, the very low frequency (5 X 10(-8)) at which intramolecular transpositions in the bireplicons occurs, as compared to the single replicon (10(-4)), suggests that a complete transposition reaction may not be necessary to generate deletions.
(13) The most commonly associated lesions were ventricular septal defect (50%), hypoplastic aortic arch (45%), patent ductus arteriosus (41%), transposition of great arteries (22.7%) and other intracardiac lesions comprised 30%.
(14) Anterior transposition of the cervical pedicles and fixation of the myometrium to the anterior vagina ensure that the fitting is solid and in the correct direction.
(15) Self-integration and methylation of Tp1 elements may function to limit transposition frequency.
(16) The associated of hemophilia and transposition, observed also by others, is extremely unlikely by chance and suggests genetic errors of endothelial cell function.
(17) The process of diagnosis by echocardiography of transposition of the great vessels is based fundamentally on the recognition of the position and relative orientation of the two ventricles and of the two vessels of the base of the heart.
(18) The diagnosis based on physical ECG and X-rays was correct in only 42% of cases, and was most accurate in children with transposition of the great arteries, syndrome of Fallot, coarctation of the aorta and ventricular septal defects.
(19) This radionuclide study suggests that following surgery for transposition of the great arteries: mean right ventricular systolic ejection fraction remains at levels consistent with values usually found for the "normal" right ventricle; group right ventricular function does not deteriorate in the years following surgery; and tricuspid regurgitation may be detected in the early postoperative years.
(20) Like all other elements studied to date, the integrity of the extremities of IS1 are essential for efficient transposition.