(1) Based on the fact that all hibernators, at their regulated minimal body temperature, display a uniform turnover rate, related to body weight, the hypothesis is developed that cold tolerance of mammals is generally limited by a common specific minimal metabolic rate, which larger organisms, because of their lower basal metabolism, already attain in less profound hypothermia.
(2) Throughout the hibernation season (October to April), white adipose tissue-saturated FA percentage decreased, monoene percentage remained constant, and diene percentage increased.
(3) The role of cyclic changes of protein synthesis rate in adaptation of cells of hibernating mammals to functioning at various temperatures is discussed.
(4) In this animal, central vasopressin infusion during the winter prevents hibernation.
(5) To clarify the cause of uncoupling of Ca influx through Ca channels and the contractility of the myocardium in hibernating chipmunks, the electromechanical effects of two different internal Ca store inhibitors, caffeine and ryanodine, and a cardiotonic agent, isoprenaline, were investigated in papillary muscles of hibernating animals.
(6) The mechanism(s) regulating the duration of the period of hibernation was considered to be concerned with some aspect of metabolism and probably the same for all three species.
(7) The possible mechanisms in regulation of the respiration rate of mitochondria from liver of hibernating ground squirrels have been investigated.
(8) Does ursodeoxycholic acid (UDC) production protect hibernating species of Ursidae against gallstone disease?
(9) Such responses to equithesin were not observed in the non-hibernating rodent species.
(10) In neurons from other structures (lateral septum, medial preoptic area, hippocampus) in the brain slices of both hibernating and waking ground squirrels, thyrotropin-releasing hormone did not usually affect the level of spontaneous discharges.
(11) Fetal mesencephalic tissue was grafted into the lateral ventricle following pregraft refrigeration in calcium-free magnesium-free buffer at 4 degrees C. Fetal mesencephalic tissue was hibernated for 5, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32 hours (group A, B, C, D, E, F and G, respectively).
(12) We find that during hibernation the marrow cavity of the long bones is filled with lipid deposits interspersed with vascular sinusoids containing mononuclear cells and red blood cells.
(13) Ten milligrams of lyophilized plasma albumin fractions from hibernating ground squirrels, woodchucks, black bears, and polar bears produced similar inhibition, with partial reversal by naloxone.
(14) We studied nutrient absorption across the brush-border membrane in jejunal tissues from active 13-lined ground squirrels and in hibernating squirrels that had not eaten for at least 6 wk.
(15) Plasma ANF of both groups of nonhibernating marmots was significantly higher (P less than 0.01) than that the hibernating group, but there was no difference between nonhibernating males and females.
(16) The CG and associated DB were therefore found to exert antagonistic effects which are responsible for the control of spermatogonial DNA synthesis in hibernating Helix aspersa.
(17) U69593, however, antagonized hibernation induced by HIT in summer active ground squirrels.
(18) Grafted fetal mesencephalic tissue which had been hibernated for 16 hours or less survived well.
(19) Over 60% of the blood CO2 stores accumulated at the beginning of the hibernation bout were released by hyperventilation during the first period, prior to the full development of thermogenesis.
(20) The heart of ground squirrels is covered by a large amount of brown adipose tissue during the whole period of hibernation.
Typify
Definition:
(v. t.) To represent by an image, form, model, or resemblance.
Example Sentences:
(1) Algorithms that were based on any of the alternate definitions of localized reduction in retinal sensitivity performed equally well, which suggests that any of these approaches is useful in searching for glaucomatous visual loss as typified by this database.
(2) We have studied the expression of genes that typify osteogenic differentiation in mandibular condyles during in vitro cultivation.
(3) The first portion is typified by the presence of short apical tubules, variously sized apical vacuoles, and numerous lysosomes.
(4) Alternative splicing generates various Ly-5 glycoprotein isoforms of the cell surface that typify different cell lineages and stages of hematopoietic differentiation in the mouse; exons 4-6 are incorporated to generate a B-cell isoform (B220) and excluded from a T-cell isoform (T200), the other coding exons (3 and 7-33) being shared.
(5) The Ly-5 system of the mouse is expressed exclusively by hematopoietic cells and comprises a series of glycoprotein isoforms that typify different hematopoietic cell lineages.
(6) Aspects of this experimental model typify cutaneous herpes simplex disease of man.
(7) The agents could be divided into 4 classes: (1) agents having no effect upon transmission at this cholinergic junction; (2) agents of a class typified by curare, which depressed all EPSPs of a train to the same extent, and which are believed to be acting in this system solely as competitive postsynaptic blockers; (3) agents typified by acetylcholine and carbachol (ACh class), which selectively depressed earlier EPSPs of a train more than later EPSPs and which appear to act by reducing the fractional release of transmitter; (4) agents typified by trimethidinium (trimethidinium class), which selectively depress later EPSPs of a train more than earlier EPSPs and which appear to act by reducing the rate of transmitter supply into the readily releasable pool.
(8) Three types of flavones are distinguished on the basis of their effect on the constitutive and polycyclic hydrocarbon-induced rat hepatic enzyme activity: (a) the 5,6- and 7,8-benzoflavones and their more hydrophobic derivatives inhibit the induced enzyme and increase or do not affect the constitutive enzyme activity; (b) derivatives typified by the 4'-hydroxylated benzoflavones similarly decrease both induced and constitutive activities; (c) polyhydroxyflavones inhibit the constitutive enzyme more than the induced enzyme.
(9) Despite the diversity of the NK target repertoire, it is typified by cells of relatively immature phenotype.
(10) This typifies how gamers have felt right down to their core.
(11) The Chinese government is depicted as benevolent, while the US government manages to be both sinister and useless – typified by the black-clad CIA operatives, one of whom gets beaten up by a Chinese character.
(12) Studies that try to associate immunoinflammatory disease, typified by rheumatoid arthritis, and malignancy have been limited by several important methodologic difficulties.
(13) Garry White, chief investment commentator at Charles Stanley, says that episode typifies M&S's new problem: "They got the product right, but didn't get the buying right.
(14) Older persons moving to retirement destinations like Florida should typify the 1st move, whereas those moving from Florida to northern urban areas should typify the 2nd and 3rd moves.
(15) Data selected from a study in differential GSR conditioning suggest, for the present purposes, the desirability of a trichotomous classification of GSRs depending upon the response rates which typify the nonresponse state of a particular S under a particular set of conditions.
(16) The case presented here typifies the clinical manifestations of this entity and illustrates appropriate management.
(17) The rise of Pret typifies the improvements in British eating over the last generation.
(18) A serine-containing glycopeptidolipid antigen isolated from Mycobacterium xenopi typified a new class of mycobacterial glycopeptidolipid antigens devoid of the C-mycoside core structure [Rivière, M., & Puzo, G. (1991) J. Biol.
(19) Osteoblastic osteitis is a rare kind of bone infection typified by a proliferative reaction of the periosteum and by exuberant bone formation.
(20) Conversion from an acute productive phase of infection to a chronic, nonproductive phase of infection in this model has ultrastructural correlates that appear to typify persistent paramyxoviral infections of brain.