What's the difference between hole and trough?

Hole


Definition:

  • (a.) Whole.
  • (n.) A hollow place or cavity; an excavation; a pit; an opening in or through a solid body, a fabric, etc.; a perforation; a rent; a fissure.
  • (n.) An excavation in the ground, made by an animal to live in, or a natural cavity inhabited by an animal; hence, a low, narrow, or dark lodging or place; a mean habitation.
  • (n.) To cut, dig, or bore a hole or holes in; as, to hole a post for the insertion of rails or bars.
  • (n.) To drive into a hole, as an animal, or a billiard ball.
  • (v. i.) To go or get into a hole.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) But the wounding charge in 2010 has become Brown's creation of a structural hole in the budget, more serious than the cyclical hit which the recession made in tax receipts, at least 4% of GDP.
  • (2) Undaunted by the sickening swell of the ocean and wrapped up against the chilly wind, Straneo, of Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, one of the world's leading oceanographic research centres, continues to take measurements from the waters as the long Arctic dusk falls.
  • (3) The speed of visiting holes and the development of a preferred pattern of hole-visits did not influence spatial discrimination performance.
  • (4) Macular holes, formerly believed to be rare in these injuries, were found in two of the five patients.
  • (5) Jane's life clearly still has a massive Spike-shaped hole in it.
  • (6) It would cost their own businesses hundreds of millions of pounds in transaction costs, it would blow a massive hole in their balance of payments, it would leave them having to pick up the entirety of UK debt.
  • (7) Bar manager Joe Mattheisen, 66, who has worked at the hole-in-the-wall bar since 1997, said the bar has attracted younger, straighter crowds in recent years.
  • (8) Guzmán was sent to Altiplano high-security prison, 56 miles outside Mexico City, but in July 2015, he absconded again, squeezing through a hole in his shower floor then fleeing on a modified motorbike through a mile-long tunnel fitted with lights and a ventilation system.
  • (9) If the attacker's plan was to make important ideas disappear down the memory hole, it looks as if it has backfired spectacularly.
  • (10) In contrast, eyes with macular holes had a greater reduction in the steady-state VEP amplitude than eyes with optic neuritis.
  • (11) An 8-French right Judkins guiding catheter with a single side hole (USCI), a 3.0 mm balloon dilatation catheter (ACS), and a 0.018 high torque floppy guide wire (ACS) were used.
  • (12) Four hours p.i., a clustering of the p60 antigen and, 12 h p.i., a formation of finger-like holes, penetrating the nucleus, occurred.
  • (13) Campbell, Ann E. (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Mass.
  • (14) We don't whip homeless vagrants out of town any more, or burn big holes in their ears, as in the brutish 16th century.
  • (15) The chancellor deliberately made cautious assumptions for the deficit in the budget, but the 5.6% contraction in the economy has blown an even bigger hole in the public finances than feared in April.
  • (16) He avoided everyone he didn't want to see when he was in Hong Kong, the first place he escaped to, and for several weeks he remained beyond the reach of the world's media, and doubtless a small army of spies, while holed up in a hotel room in the transit area of Moscow's Sheremetyevo airport.
  • (17) There were no thromboses among infants with long end-hole catheters while infants with short end-hole catheters had thrombosis in 26%, long side-hole catheters in 33% and short side-hole catheters in 64%.
  • (18) The animal model was induced by left frontal burr hole opening and inoculation of a small piece of G-XII glioma tissue to 6- to 8-week-old rats.
  • (19) In February last year the BBC was forced to apologise to the Mexican ambassador after a joke made by the three presenters that the nation's cars were like the people "lazy, feckless, flatulent, overweight, leaning against a fence asleep looking at a cactus with a blanket with a hole in the middle on as a coat".
  • (20) Thus, VP2 and VP5 together form a continuous layer around the inner shell except for holes on the 5-fold axis.

Trough


Definition:

  • (n.) A long, hollow vessel, generally for holding water or other liquid, especially one formed by excavating a log longitudinally on one side; a long tray; also, a wooden channel for conveying water, as to a mill wheel.
  • (n.) Any channel, receptacle, or depression, of a long and narrow shape; as, trough between two ridges, etc.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) These observations were confirmed by the killing curves in pooled serum obtained at peak and trough levels.
  • (2) Plasma aldosterone peaked (p < 0.05) at 22 hours after operation, and argine vasopressin peaked (p < 0.05) at two hours and then declined (p < 0.05) to a trough at 24 hours.
  • (3) Our observations demonstrated that echographic coaptation of the aortic valve leaflets coincides with the trough of the aortic pressure incisura and the onset of A2.
  • (4) The goal of the expedition, led by Prof Ken Takai of the Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, was to study the limits of life at deep-sea vents in the Cayman Trough as part of a round-the-world voyage of discovery by the research ship RV Yokosuka .
  • (5) IDDM in Canterbury, New Zealand, presents in cycles of incidence peaks and troughs, each spanning 2-3 yr.
  • (6) No IgE circadian rhythm was validated in healthy children while a large amplitude (approximately equal to 30% of the 24 hours mean) circadian rhythm with 2 diurnal peaks and a nocturnal trough was demonstrated (P less than 0.0023) in the asthmatics.
  • (7) Trough levels of LH, however, are dependent on the frequency of LHRH-induced pulsatile LH secretion.
  • (8) Appropriate conditions for administering the drug by intravenous drip infusion to neonates and infants at ages of more than 1 week were investigated taking observed blood levels and achieved peak levels and trough levels calculated using the one-compartment open model into account.
  • (9) Dose limiting toxicities were observed in 9 of 10 patients with 12-h trough piritrexim concentrations greater than 0.5 microM, whereas only 2 of 7 patients with trough concentrations less than 0.5 microM experienced dose limiting toxicities.
  • (10) Both free and luciferase-bound B show similar negative circular dichroism in the region 330-475 nm with troughs at 375 and 380 nm, respectively.
  • (11) Whole blood steady-state trough concentrations of cyclosporine were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA) and TDx assays employing monoclonal antibodies in 82 samples from 39 renal transplant patients.
  • (12) Regression analysis also showed a strong relationship between the area under the curve (AUC) from time 0 to 11 hours after the initial dose and the trough at steady state (r = 0.86).
  • (13) algebraic sum of these three cosine functions yielded a circadian waveform with peak-times occurring near 0300 and 1130 hr and a trough-time about 2200 hr.
  • (14) Group I represented the modified "over-the-top" technique with a deep cancellous bone trough and represented the most isometric tracking.
  • (15) Circular dichroic spectra of the lipophorins and apolipophorin from 190 to 250 nm showed a single trough at 218 nm and a peak at 194 nm.
  • (16) • The best ideas are tested by their peaks and troughs.
  • (17) During the estrous cycle, mitotic activity of the granulosa cells was highest at estrus in follicles less than 601 micron, and at diestrus in follicles greater than 600 micron; while the mitotic trough was at proestrus in all the follicles.
  • (18) Data analysis revealed a seasonal pattern in the monthly distribution of births, with the peak period observed during April-June, and a trough during November-January.
  • (19) The issues in CsA monitoring include selection of sample matrix, analytical method, dosing interval and the timing of trough measurements, the temporal relationship between measurements and physiological events such as toxicity, the concurrent presence of multiple other immunosuppressive agents, and the lack of "gold standards" for determining rejection, adequate immunosuppression, and toxicity.
  • (20) The addition of LTB4 to the microsomal fraction gave a type-I spectral change with a peak at around 390 nm and a trough at 422 nm, indicating a direct interaction of LTB4 with the cytochrome P-450.