(a.) Parallel to the horizon; on a level; as, a horizontalline or surface.
(a.) Measured or contained in a plane of the horizon; as, horizontal distance.
Example Sentences:
(1) Vertical gratings are tinged with green and horizontal gratings with pink.
(2) When compared with lissencephalic species, a great horizontal fibrillary system (which is vertically arranged in gyral regions) was observed in convoluted brains.
(3) The present study examined whether an uptake system for GABA could be detected in isolated skate horizontal cells by means of electrophysiological methods.
(4) Horizontal sections of the left cortex were reacted for the demonstration of HRP.
(5) The horizontal portion of the intracavernous ICA as well as the whole aspect of the aneurysm could be exposed as a result of the extended opening of the cavernous roof anterior to the posterior clinoid process.
(6) The following oculomotor paradigms were investigated: horizontal and vertical saccades of different sizes (10-80 degrees), smooth pursuit eye movements, optokinetic and vestibular nystagmus.
(7) Thus, prostate tissues of mice can be a potential source of horizontally transmitted mammary tumor virus in mice of at least some high mammary cancer strains.
(8) We postulate that an abnormality in retinal dopaminergic neurons, which are known to reduce light responsiveness of horizontal and ganglion cells, is the underlying pathophysiology of this clinical finding.
(9) The lower neck flexion is 35 degrees and extension of the plane of the face 15 degrees, each angle measured relative to horizontal.
(10) The complete thyroid cartilage is dissected out, and then a horizontal cut is made through the cricoid cartilage.
(11) Results of tests on 4 mammalian, 19 reptilian, and 17 avian species confirmed the prediction that lack of optomotor response to monocular optokinetic stimulation in one of the two horizontal directions would correlate with afoveate retinal organization, whereas consistent optomotor responses to monocular stimulation in either horizontal direction would correlate with foveate organization.
(12) Although active head movements reversed horizontal vestibulo-ocular reflexes, vertical vestibulo-ocular reflexes in light and darkness were normal.
(13) In one group of patients peak eye movement velocities alone were measured during horizontal refixation saccades.
(14) Electrophysiological studies were performed to determine whether or not ethanol potentiates the inhibitory effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on medial vestibular nucleus (MVN) neurons responding to horizontal sinusoidal rotation using alpha-chloralose anesthetized cats.
(15) With the head centered over the axis of rotation, no systematic horizontal responses were observed.
(16) After properly fixing the vas deferens with a ring clamp, the surgeon pierces the scrotal skin, vas sheath, and vas deferens in the midline with a curved dissecting clamp held at a 45 degree angle from horizontal.
(17) The "lazy-T" technique consists of a surgical horizontal and vertical shortening of the involved portion of the lower eyelid.
(18) In the case of H1 horizontal cells, which are known to be GABAergic, the neurotransmitter can also be demonstrated by superimposed immunocytochemistry.
(19) The migration of human spermatozoa in cervical mucus obtained from women shortly before mid-cycle was studied, using an in-vitro method for horizontal sperm penetration.
(20) Articulation tests for sound fields simulated with a single reflection of delay time delta t1 after the direct sound were conducted changing the horizontal incident angle xi of the reflection.
Vinculum
Definition:
(n.) A bond of union; a tie.
(n.) A straight, horizontal mark placed over two or more members of a compound quantity, which are to be subjected to the same operation, as in the expression x2 + y2 - x + y.
(n.) A band or bundle of fibers; a fraenum.
(n.) A commissure uniting the two main tendons in the foot of certain birds.
Example Sentences:
(1) Specialized areas observed in the normal chick (synovial cavity, fibrocartilaginous area, and elastic vinculum) failed to form, as a result of the paralysis of the digit.
(2) Experiments on mongrel rats have revealed that ulceration of mucous membrane of the stomach achieved by vinculum of pylorus is formed only in 47% of animals.
(3) Cell density and DNA analyses indicated a slightly higher cellularity for fibrocartilaginous areas and the region of vinculum insertion.
(4) In group 1, shortening and physical changes were limited to the portion distal to the anchoring of the vinculum and the physical properties were well preserved and remained almost normal.
(5) We conclude that this branch supplies the nerve fibres found within the vinculum.
(6) The operative findings suggest a rare instance of detachment or rupture of the vinculum of the intact superficial flexor tendon.
(7) Two cases are described with full flexion of the proximal interphalangeal joint produced by an intact short vinculum after complete laceration of both superficialis and profundus tendons.
(8) The vinculum breve of the flexor digitorum profundus tendon was found to apply traction to the volar plate on flexion of the distal interphanageal joint.
(9) Although the precise reason for rupture is not known we have speculated that the anomalous superficialis may have given rise to a deficient vinculum longus to the profundus predisposing it to failure.
(10) Then, we arrive at universal situations about the roles in the psychotic's family: fixation and immobility, stereotypy and aupplementarity, double vinculum situation, the family gives up modifying the structure and the patient who assumes the family pathology is almost permanently disqualified.
(11) Distally, vessels arose from the vinculum breve, supplying the terminal twenty millimeters of tendon substance.
(12) Diffusion is the primary nutrient pathway to the flexor tendon in this area, because removing its major vascular attachment (i.e., the vinculum longum) did not effect proline uptake.
(13) The tendons were either: normal and uninjured, lacerated and repaired, or uninjured except for vinculum longum ligation.
(14) Vascular loop patterns, similar to those seen in synovial lining of joints or on either side of the growth plate of growing bone, were found on the surface of the tendons in the area of mesotenon reflection, the osseotendinous junctions, where the vinculum joined the tendon, and in various areas of the tendon sheath.
(15) The present study examines several biochemical parameters of avian flexor tendon repair, during a six-week period, in the presence of an intact vinculum longum and with the vinculum longum ligated.
(16) The dorsal aspect of the distal segment was further characterized by a cell rich area related to the entrance of the vinculum longum.
(17) At the insertion of the tendon there was regularly a very well developed vinculum brevis, often extending proximally to the middle of the base phalanx of the thumb.
(18) The importance of proximal retraction, the delay before diagnosis and the involvement of the long vinculum provide the basis for a classification into three types.