(n.) A derivative of urea, C3H4N2O2, obtained from allantion, as a white, crystalline substance, with a sweetish taste; -- called also glycolyl urea.
Example Sentences:
(1) The changes in physicochemical properties due to introduction of a benzenesulfonyl group into the hydantoin ring may be responsible for the difference in the disposition between I and II.
(2) Fractional crystallization of the hydantoin sample, followed by hydrolysis, produced cis-2-hydroxy-1-aminocyclopentanecarboxylic acid (cis with respect to the hydroxy and carboxyl group) in high purity.
(3) sodium diphenyl hydantoin (Dialtin) barbiturates, pyrimidon, succinamides, diazepines etc.
(4) Phenytoin is known to be metabolized to form p-hydroxyphenyl-phenyl-hydantoin, possibly via the arene oxide intermediate.
(5) The hypothesis that clinical side effects of the aldose reductase inhibitor (ARI) sorbinil were related to its hydantoin ring led to a bioisosteric analysis and replacement of the hydantoin by a spiro hydroxy acetic acid moiety as in 40.
(6) The analogues used were 9 beta-PGD2, 5-(6-carboxyhexyl)-1-(3-cyclohexyl-3-hydroxypropyl)hydantoin (BW245C), 17-phenyl-18,19,20-trinor-PGD2 (17-phenyl-PGD2), PGD2 amide, PGD2 N-monomethylamide and 11-keto-15 alpha-hydroxy-delta 5,9,12-prostenoic acid (9-deoxy-delta 9,12-PGD2).
(7) The effects of nitrofurantoin [N-(5-nitro-2-furfurylidine)-1-amino-hydantoin] on chromosomes of primary and secondary spermatocytes of mice were studied.
(8) veratridine, sanguinarine nitrate, penicillic acid, vanadium pentoxide, harmaline-HCI,5,5'-diphenyl hydantoin, quindonium bromide, and methyl quinolizinum bromide) provides strong evidence that the observed species-related differences are highly specific for cardiotonic steroids.
(9) To evaluate the hydantoins as tumor promoters, 5-wk-old male F344 rats were given a single i.p.
(10) In contrast, the mean concentration of IgA was normal and no individual subnormal values were observed in epileptic patients treated with or without hydantoins whose disease was thought to be secondary to traumatic or infectious events or to metabolic disturbances.
(11) The risk of developmental disturbance associated with intrauterine phenytoin exposure seems to be much lower than the 7% to 11% risk of fetal hydantoin syndrome reported earlier.
(12) The malformations noted in the older girl are less and in the 8 years younger sister more extensively developed as well as in the fetal hydantoin syndrome.
(13) Hydantoin and piperonyl butoxide decreased DDT-induced tremor and hyperthermia due to DDT when measured 12 h after DDT exposure, while trihexyphenidyl augmented some components of DDT-induced tremor.
(14) The methylated derivatives of phenobarbital, carba-mazepine, primidone, and diphenyl-hydantoin were separated on the chromatogram, and the peaks were sharp and symmetrical.
(15) 1, methionine sources included D,L-methionine, D,L-methionine hydantoic acid, D,L-methionine hydantoin, N-acetyl-D,L-methionine, methylthio-isobutyric acid, methylthio-propionic acid and D,L-methionine sulfoxide.
(16) Recognition of this spectrum of abnormalities in an infant should raise the possibility of maternal ingestion of hydantoin during pregnancy.
(17) The largest recombinant plasmid, designated pHPB14, encoded the ability to convert D-5-substituted hydantoins to the corresponding L-amino acids, whereas the smallest one, designated pHPB12, encoded the ability to convert them to their corresponding N-carbamyl-D-amino acids.
(18) Hydantoin racemase was purified from the cell extract of the E. coli strain by phenyl-Sepharose, DEAE-Sephacel, and Sephadex G-200 chromatographies.
(19) After incubation of the purified enzyme with 5-isopropylhydantoin, the enzyme no longer showed 5-(2-methylthioethyl)hydantoin-racemizing activity.
(20) Experimentally, phenytoin (diphenyl hydantoin, DPH) has induced clotting defects in cats and inhibited production of clotting factors in rat liver slices.
Urea
Definition:
(a.) A very soluble crystalline body which is the chief constituent of the urine in mammals and some other animals. It is also present in small quantity in blood, serous fluids, lymph, the liver, etc.
Example Sentences:
(1) These data suggest that the hybrid is formed by the same mechanism in the absence and presence of the urea step.
(2) The fourth cluster included the type strains of Actinobacillus lignieresii, A. equuli, A. pleuropneumoniae, A. suis, A. ureae, H. parahaemolyticus, H. parainfluenzae, H. paraphrohaemolyticus, H. ducreyi, and P. haemolytica.
(3) Thymus and spleen cells from such hypogammaglobulinaemic chickens were extracted with non-ionic detergents, acid urea, or combinations of urea and detergent, and the extracts were analysed for Ig by the inhibition assay.
(4) Triglyceride (Trigly) in female dogs, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and urea nitrogen (Urea-N) in male dogs tended to increase.
(5) The two main subunits present in rabbit skeletal tropomyosin, which have been named the alpha- and beta-chains, were separated by chromatography on CM-cellulose in urea at pH4.0.
(6) The temperature-activated 4 to 5 S EBP transformation is found to be highly reproducible without loss of [3H]estradiol-binding activity in a buffer containing an excess of [3H]estradiol, 40 mM Tris, 1 mM dithiothreitol, and 1 M urea at pH 7.4.
(7) The blockage of the tubular system by the calcium oxalate deposits leads to a temporary reversible increase in serum urea and serum creatinine.
(8) Urea was determined by means of diacetyl monoxim in the blood cells of 80 cockerels of the initial breed White Leghorn, commercial hybrid Primant.
(9) Urea decreased and valine increased in the TD medulla-pons.
(10) The complex was found to be unstable toward low values of pH and ionic strength, concentrations of urea exceeding 1 M, modifications of the cysteine residues, and fragmention in which the C terminal portions of either H3 or H4 are removed.
(11) The decrease in the amount of excreted urea by 85% was also accompanied by a reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR).
(12) The modified osmium-urea method gave better results and was easier to perform than the collagenase method.
(13) Conversely, when fed NIH-07, both mouse genotypes had a 20-22% higher (p less than 0.003) serum urea nitogren and 2-3.5% higher erythrocyte count (p less than 0.001) and hemoglobin concentration (p less than 0.04) than when fed AIN-76A.
(14) (7) The first-order radical transformation rates are independent of the (initial) concentration of N3 or peptide and unaffected by urea (as a modifier of hydrogen bond structures).
(15) Treatment of the enzyme with acid and urea resulted in dissociation of the enzyme followed by loss of catalytic activity.
(16) 6) The subunits alpha and beta of bovine follitropin were obtained by incubation in acidic urea, the chains being then separated by anion exchange chromatography.
(17) There were no major differences in blood composition, apart from increases in blood urea N, as a result of N fertilization.
(18) In contrast to the facilitated water and urea transport systems in the red blood cell, these results suggest that the mechanism for water and urea transport in the platelet is primarily by diffusion through membrane phospholipid.
(19) A significant treatment X time interaction was found for plasma urea.
(20) The disc-gel patterns of the 8 m urea-soluble proteins showed that C. perfringens caused extensive proteolysis in pig muscle and a lesser extent of proteolysis in rabbit muscle.