(n.) A compound formed by the union of water with some other substance, generally forming a neutral body, as certain crystallized salts.
(n.) A substance which does not contain water as such, but has its constituents (hydrogen, oxygen, hydroxyl) so arranged that water may be eliminated; hence, a derivative of, or compound with, hydroxyl; hydroxide; as, ethyl hydrate, or common alcohol; calcium hydrate, or slaked lime.
(v. t.) To form into a hydrate; to combine with water.
Example Sentences:
(1) The radius is estimated to be around 1.7 nm, which shows a moderate degree of hydration.
(2) Over the course of 26-40 h the Na- and water-loaded cells returned to a normal state of hydration as judged by their density.
(3) In the present experiments, single unit recording and microiontophoretic techniques were used to determine the effects of benzodiazepines on DA and non-DA neurons in the VTA of chloral hydrate anesthetized rats.
(4) The effects of clozapine on the spontaneous firing rate of noradrenergic (NE, locus coeruleus), dopaminergic (DA, zona compacta, ventral tegmental area) and non-dopaminergic (zona reticulata) neurons was studied in chloral hydrate anesthetized rats.
(5) We have previously shown that, with moderate hydration (2.5 L) of the recipient, together with rapid infusion of 250 ml of mannitol 20% just before clamp removal, the incidence of ARF decreased to below 10%.
(6) In mixtures of DOMGDG and dioleoyldiglycosyldiglyceride (DODGDG), the formation of an III (or HII) phase is enhanced by DOMGDG and low hydration or high temperatures.
(7) A brevibacterium, strain TH-4, previously isolated by aerobic enrichment on the monocyclic monoterpenoid cis-terpin hydrate as a sole carbon and energy source, was found to grow on alpha-terpineol and on a number of common sugars and organic acids.
(8) The poly(dG-dC) helical duplex forms a modified, B-family structure (B*) at very high hydration and a normal B structure at slightly lower hydration.
(9) True Love Impulse Body Spray, Simple Kind to Skin Hydrating Light Moisturiser and VO5 Styling Mousse Extra Body marked double-digit price rises on average across the four chains.
(10) The effect of rat brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) on drinking behaviour was examined in dehydrated and well-hydrated rats.
(11) The influence of degree of hydration of the monolayers and their spontaneous curvature on conditions of monolayer fusion have been analysed.
(12) More than half of carers said they were neglecting their own diet as a result of their caring responsibilities, while some said they were eating the wrong things because of the stress they are under and more than half said they had experienced problems with diet and hydration.
(13) (2) Highly aneuploid and polyploid types were induced in diploid and haploid germinating conidia by chloral hydrate but not to any significant extent by gamma-rays.
(14) To investigate the physical state of water in hydrating biological macro-molecules, the dielectric properties of water in hen egg lysozyme pellets with various moisture contents were studied using the thermally stimulated depolarisation currents technique.
(15) Respiration frequency increased during exposure to 35 (four birds) and 40 degrees C (six birds) in the normally hydrated quail, while in the dehydrated quail, respiration frequency increased only in three birds during exposure to 35 degrees C, and four birds during exposure to 40 degrees C, the frequencies were lower during dehydration.
(16) When the mice were anesthetized with chloral hydrate prior to preparation of tissue slices, morphine produced a dose-dependent suppression of noradrenergic neuronal activity.
(17) The conformational similarity between tubules, sheets, and the dry powder is corroborated by calorimetry, which reveals a cooling exotherm at the same temperature where tubules form upon cooling hydrated sheets.
(18) Since deglycosylation decreases the frictional ratio of thyroxine binding globulin, it is concluded that, although sialic acid and other sugar residues are in contact with the protein surface, the hydrated carbohydrate chains protrude partially into the solvent.
(19) Our irradiation results are consistent with the hypothesis that the G value for the first 12-15 water molecules of the DNA hydration layer is the same as the G value for the form of DNA to which it is bound (i.e., the pseudo-C or the B form).
(20) The most significant factor affecting the elasticity was the state of hydration of the fascia.
Hydride
Definition:
(n.) A compound of the binary type, in which hydrogen is united with some other element.
Example Sentences:
(1) The corresponding hydrides, mono-n-butyltin hydride, di-n-butyltin hydride, tri-n-butyltin hydride, monophenyltin hydride, diphenyltin hydride triphenyltin hydride, are detected by electron-capture gas chromatography after clean-up by silica gel column chromatography.
(2) The latter compounds were reduced with lithium aluminium hydride to the respective amines (II a-c) and then N-alkylated by reaction with 2-propynyl-, 2-butynyl- or 2,3-butadienyl bromides to the corresponding amines (III a-j).
(3) The mechanism of hydrogen activation was shown to be heterolytic cleavage to an enzyme hydride and a proton.
(4) The lithium aluminum hydride reduction product of the 24R-acid (Vb) was identical with the naturally occurring 5 beta-ranol, hence 5 beta-ranol has the 24R configuration.
(5) An evaluation of the possible role of flavins (as a hydride carrier between NADPH and the steroid) has shown that progesterone 5 alpha-reduction is inhibited by high levels of flavins and flavin analogs.
(6) The higher the rate of hydride transfer at pH 7.65, the higher the pH of the cross-over point.
(7) Because we have been unable to detect trans coordination of 2-mercaptoethanol, we favor a mechanism that involves a hydride attack on the Co-methylene carbon of (carboxymethyl)cobalamin rather than a trans attack of the thiol on the cobalt atom.
(8) Only O-benzoylation occurred on reaction with benzoic an hydride.
(9) 40- and 60-S ribosomal subunits and 80-S ribosomes from rat liver were highly labelled by reductive methylation using formaldehyde and sodium boro-[3H] hydride, under conditions which did not decrease their activity in poly-U-directed polyphenylalanine synthesis.
(10) A new rapid high yield synthesis of radiolabeled N'-(4-11C-methyl)imipramine has been developed using a reductive-carboxylation approach, in which 11CO2 is reacted with either N'-trimethylsilyldesimipramine or N'-lithium derivative of desimipramine, followed by lithium aluminum hydride reduction, to give no carrier added or carrier added 11C-labeled imipramine respectively.
(11) Reduction of this mixture 1 with sodium aluminum bis-(methoxyethoxy)hydride furnished the 11 beta, 18, 21-triol 2a.
(12) The two mechanisms have been assessed in terms of the calculated absolute and relative pKas of the protonated species taking into account experimental information regarding possible stabilization of these forms in the enzyme active site and also the effectiveness of the various protonations in assisting the hydride ion transfer step.
(13) A radioactive label was introduced by using sodium boro[3H]hydride to reduce the initially formed Schiff's base.
(14) After deoxygenation of 2'-O-[[(4-methylphenyl)oxy]thiocarbonyl] compounds 20A-E with tributyltin hydride the 2,3'-anhydro bridge of the 2'-deoxynucleosides 21A-E was opened with LiN3 to produce the protected 3'-azido-2,3'-dideoxynucleoside derivatives 22A-G. Saponification with NaOCH3 gave 1-(3'-azido-2',3',5'-trideoxy-beta-D-allofuranosyl)thymine (2; homo-AZT), the 5'-C-(hydroxymethyl) derivatives of AZT 1-(3'-azido-2',3'- dideoxy-beta-D-allofuranosyl)thymine (3) and 1-(3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxy-alpha-L-talofuranosyl)thymine (4), and the 5'-C-methyl derivatives of AZT 1-(3'-azido-2',3',6'-trideoxy-beta-D-allofuranosyl)thymine (5) and 1-(3'-azido-2',3',6'-trideoxy-alpha-L-talofuranosyl)thymine (6).
(15) While further improvements might lead to potential enhancement of sensitivity and precision of as much as an order of magnitude, the present performance of the hydride system was satisfactory in relation to the requirements of isotopic analysis for metabolic investigations employing 74Se as the in vivo stable isotope tracer.
(16) These models, in turn, have suggested detailed mechanisms for the various chemical steps of the reaction: a ring opening catalysed by an activated histidine, a hydride-shift isomerization, and a ring closure which may be facilitated by a polarised water molecule.
(17) The disulfide form but not the sulfhydryl form of a boron hydride compound was found to be cataractogenic.
(18) Proper molecular orientation is required for hydride transfer (Dalziel and Dickinson, 1967).
(19) An alkylation technique using methyl iodide and sodium hydride in dimethyl sulfoxide has been evaluated for 3 carbamate and 7 urea herbicides in 9 foods.
(20) To determine the effectiveness of the selenium reduction and the completeness of the selenium hydride formation a parallel selenium determination was carried out by means of ICP-AES and FI-HAAS analysis.