What's the difference between hydrated and whewellite?
Hydrated
Definition:
(imp. & p. p.) of Hydrate
(a.) Formed into a hydrate; combined with water.
Example Sentences:
(1) The radius is estimated to be around 1.7 nm, which shows a moderate degree of hydration.
(2) Over the course of 26-40 h the Na- and water-loaded cells returned to a normal state of hydration as judged by their density.
(3) In the present experiments, single unit recording and microiontophoretic techniques were used to determine the effects of benzodiazepines on DA and non-DA neurons in the VTA of chloral hydrate anesthetized rats.
(4) The effects of clozapine on the spontaneous firing rate of noradrenergic (NE, locus coeruleus), dopaminergic (DA, zona compacta, ventral tegmental area) and non-dopaminergic (zona reticulata) neurons was studied in chloral hydrate anesthetized rats.
(5) We have previously shown that, with moderate hydration (2.5 L) of the recipient, together with rapid infusion of 250 ml of mannitol 20% just before clamp removal, the incidence of ARF decreased to below 10%.
(6) In mixtures of DOMGDG and dioleoyldiglycosyldiglyceride (DODGDG), the formation of an III (or HII) phase is enhanced by DOMGDG and low hydration or high temperatures.
(7) A brevibacterium, strain TH-4, previously isolated by aerobic enrichment on the monocyclic monoterpenoid cis-terpin hydrate as a sole carbon and energy source, was found to grow on alpha-terpineol and on a number of common sugars and organic acids.
(8) The poly(dG-dC) helical duplex forms a modified, B-family structure (B*) at very high hydration and a normal B structure at slightly lower hydration.
(9) True Love Impulse Body Spray, Simple Kind to Skin Hydrating Light Moisturiser and VO5 Styling Mousse Extra Body marked double-digit price rises on average across the four chains.
(10) The effect of rat brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) on drinking behaviour was examined in dehydrated and well-hydrated rats.
(11) The influence of degree of hydration of the monolayers and their spontaneous curvature on conditions of monolayer fusion have been analysed.
(12) More than half of carers said they were neglecting their own diet as a result of their caring responsibilities, while some said they were eating the wrong things because of the stress they are under and more than half said they had experienced problems with diet and hydration.
(13) (2) Highly aneuploid and polyploid types were induced in diploid and haploid germinating conidia by chloral hydrate but not to any significant extent by gamma-rays.
(14) To investigate the physical state of water in hydrating biological macro-molecules, the dielectric properties of water in hen egg lysozyme pellets with various moisture contents were studied using the thermally stimulated depolarisation currents technique.
(15) Respiration frequency increased during exposure to 35 (four birds) and 40 degrees C (six birds) in the normally hydrated quail, while in the dehydrated quail, respiration frequency increased only in three birds during exposure to 35 degrees C, and four birds during exposure to 40 degrees C, the frequencies were lower during dehydration.
(16) When the mice were anesthetized with chloral hydrate prior to preparation of tissue slices, morphine produced a dose-dependent suppression of noradrenergic neuronal activity.
(17) The conformational similarity between tubules, sheets, and the dry powder is corroborated by calorimetry, which reveals a cooling exotherm at the same temperature where tubules form upon cooling hydrated sheets.
(18) Since deglycosylation decreases the frictional ratio of thyroxine binding globulin, it is concluded that, although sialic acid and other sugar residues are in contact with the protein surface, the hydrated carbohydrate chains protrude partially into the solvent.
(19) Our irradiation results are consistent with the hypothesis that the G value for the first 12-15 water molecules of the DNA hydration layer is the same as the G value for the form of DNA to which it is bound (i.e., the pseudo-C or the B form).
(20) The most significant factor affecting the elasticity was the state of hydration of the fascia.
Whewellite
Definition:
(n.) Calcium oxalate, occurring in colorless or white monoclinic crystals.
Example Sentences:
(1) A large number of trace elements has been found in calcium stones (whewellite, weddellite, and apatite) and in struvite.
(2) These included diverse mono-, di- and trimineral stones, spontaneously excreted and surgically removed whewellite and weddellite calculi.
(3) The technique involves determining the surface elemental (hence chemical) composition of fractured whewellite stones.
(4) Calcium oxalate stones more often showed a whewellite texture (Type 2) and a less frequent occurrence of weddellite (Type 4) as compared to the control groups.
(5) The investigation of the degree of interpenetration between the two component phases of whewellite kidney stones, the protein matrix and calcium oxalate monohydrate crystallites, is extended by a technique of microchemical analysis, employing X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
(6) In solution a sequential series of phase transitions according to the steps calcium oxalate trihydrate-weddellite-whewellite is not likely to be energetically favoured; direct conversion of calcium oxalate trihydrate to whewellite should be, instead, ordinarily expected.
(7) SEM examination revealed structures similar to human stones such as bipyramidal weddellite, pseudomorphs from whewellite to weddellite, apatite deposits in cystine stones and characteristic mono-ammonium-urate needles.
(8) As transformation products are found fine-grained polycrystalline as well as due to recrystallisation larger monocrystalline whewellite.
(9) In patients with oxalate calculi the absorption of oxalic acid is totally increased and also in such ones with Whewellite-calculi.
(10) The prevalent types of calcium oxalate stones are: whewellite of concentric structure (linked with hyperuricemia) in Kirghizia; whewellite of small randomly orientated crystals (linked with hypercalciuria) and stones with signs of transformation of weddellite to whewellite in Moscow; (2) lesser distribution of phosphate lithiasis in Berlin than in Kirghizia and particularly in Moscow.
(11) Whewellite was the major component of calculi in all cases but the stones exhibited a peculiar morphological arrangement, with multiple small indentations and a fine mamillary structure.
(12) Tests were made, using both Vickers and Knoop indenters, on three compositions of calculi: 100% calcium oxalate monohydrate (whewellite), 100% uric acid, and 98% magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate (struvite) mixed with 2% carbonate apatite.
(13) When the ratio of the weddellite content to the total of weddellite and whewellite (weddellite ratio) calculated using Oka's method on the infrared spectra was compared with that determined previously by TG, the correlation coefficient between these ratios was 0.734.
(14) In addition to tetragonal bipyramids, weddellite forms further crystal shapes that have been heretofore interpreted exclusively as whewellite crystals.
(15) It is formally demonstrated that along two axial directions a set of atoms is in essentially identical positions in both weddellite and whewellite.
(16) Whewellite may precipitate in the same or a similar condition as uric acid precipitates, whereas weddellite may precipitate in a different condition.
(17) Powder samples of 56 calcium oxalate stones the contents of weddellite, whewellite and apatite of which had been determined by thermogravimetry (TG) were studied by infrared spectroscopy (IR).
(18) The necessity of operative removal of calculi is still relatively high in the most frequent species of calculi whewellite, weddellite, uric acid, struvite and carbonate apatite.
(19) Whewellite (calcium oxalate monohydrate) crystals were found to induce epitaxially the heterogeneous nucleation of brushite (calcium monohydrogen phosphate dihydrate) from its metastable supersaturated solution in approximately one-quarter of the time required for spontaneous precipitation in the absence of added nucleating agents.
(20) Whewellite calculi were equally distributed in both race groups, while weddelite stones appeared to be much less common amongst blacks; the opposite applied for struvite and the rare ammonium acid urate stones.