(n.) That branch of science, or of engineering, which treats of fluids in motion, especially of water, its action in rivers and canals, the works and machinery for conducting or raising it, its use as a prime mover, and the like.
Example Sentences:
(1) A hydraulic parfait model illustrates a concept of symptom production by additive accumulation of pathology from various etiologies.
(2) Insertion into the ETT of a pressure catheter (external diameter: d) to stimulate in vivo measurements did not modify these results, provided the hydraulic diameter, D* = D - d, was substituted for D in the Blasius formula.
(3) Total hydraulic power expended per unit of forward flow was computed as an index of right ventricular-pulmonary artery coupling.
(4) Fenestrated endothelia have higher hydraulic conductivities and are more permeable to small ions and molecules than are continuous endothelia.
(5) A hydraulic model confirmed that this effect caused the appearance of the TP.
(6) The observation that the apparent activation energy for hydraulic conductivity is less than that for water diffusion across the red cell membrane is characteristic of viscous flow and suggests that the flow of water across the membranes of these red cells under an osmotic pressure gradient is a viscous process.
(7) Decreases in permeability and in reflection coefficient for urea and increase in hydraulic conductivity increased the osmotic gradients along each compartment.
(8) The animals were chronically instrumented with a microtip manometer in the left ventricle, two pairs of piezoelectric crystals for sonomicrometry and a hydraulic occluder around the circumflex branch of the left coronary artery and arterial and venous catheters.
(9) Potential dermal exposure from tractor-powered sprayers fitted with conventional hydraulic nozzles was lower than from knapsack sprayers, with exposure from a tractor-powered sprayer fitted with controlled-droplet application equipment intermediate in this regard.
(10) Recent data are provided on the technique of arm radiography to quantify changes in arm muscle and fat following strength development with hydraulic resistance exercise equipment.
(11) It is argued that the CFC changes are best explained by changes in the hydraulic conductivity of the exchange vessels, rather than through changes in the perfused surface area, and that the CFC changes are similar to the permeability changes caused by inflammatory mediators and catecholamines observed by others.
(12) Industry estimates suggest there may be enough of this and other so-called "unconventional" forms of gas, which are newly accessible because of advances in a technique known as hydraulic fracturing - "fracking" – to power the globe for two centuries.
(13) The acute hydraulic effects, reflex and hormonal responses, and local autoregulatory responses and their interactions are reviewed.
(14) Transfer fractions obtained using this method were also compared to the fractions determined by a previously described technique, deconvolution analysis, for a hydraulic model in which a third, inaccessible pool was interposed between the two accessible pools.
(15) Nevertheless, the glomerular transcapillary hydraulic pressure difference (deltaP) uniformly increased with antidiuresis, due to consistent reductions in Bowman's space hydraulic pressure rather than to increases in glomerular capillary hydraulic pressure, the former a consequence of the fall in urine flow rate.
(16) The time constant of isovolumic pressure fall (T) and end-systolic pressure (ESP) were calculated during the control state, caval occlusion, aortic constriction obtained by inflation of a hydraulic cuff occluder positioned around the aorta, and during the inflation of an intra-aortic balloon.
(17) Such an approach permits separation of pulsatile phenomena from steady flow phenomena; it is the basis for description of hydraulic load as vascular impedance and for application of engineering principles to the study of fatigue and degeneration of arteries; it readily explains disturbed arterial function in hypertension in terms of increased peripheral resistance and of increased arterial stiffness.
(18) In the presence of horse immunoglobulin G, a wholly rejected protein, the rejection of cytochrome c was increased and hydraulic flux was reduced.
(19) Vascular impedance and pulsatile hydraulic power (Wp) levels of isolated perfused rabbit lungs were compared after similar rises of pulmonary arterial pressure (PAp), induced either by vasoconstriction or by left atrial pressure (LAp) elevation.
(20) (3) The grades of osmotic gradient, of hydraulic conductivity, and of semipermeable property of gland epithelia were described.
Vehicle
Definition:
(n.) That in or on which any person or thing is, or may be, carried, as a coach, carriage, wagon, cart, car, sleigh, bicycle, etc.; a means of conveyance; specifically, a means of conveyance upon land.
(n.) That which is used as the instrument of conveyance or communication; as, matter is the vehicle of energy.
(n.) A substance in which medicine is taken.
(n.) Any liquid with which a pigment is applied, including whatever gum, wax, or glutinous or adhesive substance is combined with it.
Example Sentences:
(1) They broke in with a battering ram: an armoured vehicle known as a Bearcat.
(2) Six of 7 SAO shock rats treated with U74006F survived for 120 min following reperfusion, while none of 7 SAO shock rats given the vehicle survived for 120 min (P less than .01).
(3) It would be "very easy to manipulate and access one of our vehicles", he said.
(4) A group of rats raised on D-P++ for 4 weeks were fed D-P- for 7 days after which they received 500 pmol of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3; SUPP] or an equal volume of the vehicle (ETH).
(5) Neonatal treatment with a low dose of the estrogen diethylstilbestrol (DES) had no significant effect on adult estrogen binding within the assayed vaginal compartments; however, this treatment caused a 2-fold increase in the level of cytosolic progestin binding in the vaginal FMW over that in vehicle-treated mice.
(6) Each subject applied a vehicle cream containing 0.075% capsaicin (Axsain, GalenPharma Inc.) to a 4 cm2 area of skin on one volar forearm and vehicle alone to an identical treatment area on the other forearm, according to a double-blind procedure.
(7) Utilizing the bilateral comparison technique in 30 hospitalized patients with chronic stable plaque-type psoriasis vulgaris, we closely monitored the clinical responses to ultraviolet radiation (Westinghouse fluorescent FS40 bulbs, 290--400 nm) and a variety of tar preparations and lubricant vehicles in combination and separately.
(8) Controls were injected in the same manner with vehicle and microspheres.
(9) Sympathetic nervous system function was blocked in developing male SHR by treating pups from days 0 to 14 with: (1) guanethidine, (2) combined alpha- and beta-receptor antagonists (prazosin and timolol), or (3) vehicle (5% sucrose).
(10) The most common seenario was a vehicle-vehicle collision in which seat belts were not used and the decedent or the decedent's driver was at fault.
(11) Thus, the lymphoid population containing cell-mediated anti-idiotypic responsiveness served as a vehicle of resistance.
(12) Well known buyout firms such as Blackstone and Carlyle appear in the leaked documents, and Luxembourg investment vehicles are commonplace in such investment firms.
(13) Future studies will need to carefully evaluate the vehicle used and the strength of topical CsA employed.
(14) The Calspan 3-D Computer Simulator of a Motor Vehicle Crash Victim was used to provide estimates of the head and neck response to be expected for the very specific deceleration profiles simulated.
(15) "There were around 50 attackers, heavily armed in three vehicles, and they were flying the Shebab flag," Maisori added, speaking from the town, where several buildings including hotels, restaurants, banks and government offices were razed to the ground.
(16) Two officers who witnessed the shooting of unarmed 43-year-old Samuel DuBose in Cincinnati will not face criminal charges, despite seemingly corroborating a false claim that DuBose’s vehicle dragged officer Ray Tensing before he was fatally shot.
(17) Vehicle administration had no effect on pulmonary function.
(18) The best was the oral version of the Symbol Digit Modalities test, which by itself accounted for 70% of the variance of the full-sized-vehicle driving score.
(19) II with melatonin instead of 25.9% in the corresponding vehicle controls.
(20) Twenty-four h prior to the measurement of 45Ca2+ uptake, the cells were transferred to serum-free medium ([Ca2+], 1.0 mM) containing 1.0 nM 1,25(OH)2D3 or vehicle.