(n.) Any one of a series of nitrogenous bases, resembling the amines and produced by the reduction of certain nitroso and diazo compounds; as, methyl hydrazine, phenyl hydrazine, etc. They are derivatives of hydrazine proper, H2N.NH2, which is a doubled amido group, recently (1887) isolated as a stable, colorless gas, with a peculiar, irritating odor. As a base it forms distinct salts. Called also diamide, amidogen, (or more properly diamidogen), etc.
Example Sentences:
(1) The first comprises N1-[4-(4-alkyloxybenzamido)benzoyl]-N2-substituted alkylidene hydrazine, the second involves 1-[4-(4-alkyloxybenzamido)benzoyl]-4-alkyl, aryl, or aralkyl-3-thiosemicarbazides, and the third includes 1-substituted-5-[4-(4-alkyloxybenzamido)phenyl]-1,3,4-triazole-2-t hione.
(2) High resolution proton NMR spectroscopic analysis of urine also revealed resonances from several metabolites of hydrazine, an N-acetylcysteine conjugate of allyl alcohol, and acetamide as a metabolite of thioacetamide after dosing with the respective compounds.
(3) When hydrazine was used as the electron donor, no substrate inhibition was observed, suggesting that the inhibition resulted from reductant limitation.
(4) The hydrazine moiety liberated from isoniazid is primarily acetylhydrazine, and studies in animals show this metabolite to be converted to a potent acylating agent that produces liver necrosis.
(5) The weekly administration of 1,2-dimethyl-hydrazine (DMH) by subcutaneous injection for a period of 16-20 weeks is a well known procedure for producing colonic tumors in mice and rats.
(6) The compounds were obtained by condensation of appropriate hydrazines with thiophene 2-carboxaldehyde (series 1), thiophene 3-carboxaldehyde (series 2), and 5-nitrothiophene-2-carboxaldehyde (series 3).
(7) After inhibition of monoamine synthesis by N'-(DL-SERYL)-N2-(2, 3, 4-trihydroxybenzyl)hydrazine, substance P significantly accelerated the disappearance of dopamine, noradrenaline and 5-hydroxytryptamine.
(8) Embryotoxicity has been demonstrated at very high exposures but not at occupationally encountered levels for hydrazine and unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine.
(9) The characterization of the various disaccharides by Smith periodic acid degradation and glycosidase digestions was facilitated by the preparation and thin-layer chromatographic resolution of the complete series of monosulfated derivatives of anhydromannitol and anhydrotalitol; the sulfate esters were shown to be stable to both the hydrazine and nitrous acid treatments.
(10) This inactivation was very rapid but reversible, with regeneration of enzyme activity being spontaneous and hydrazine-accelerated, suggestive of the intermediacy of a stable acyl enzyme.
(11) Urinary excretion (0-24 h) of hydrazine and its metabolite acetylhydrazine were determined employing nitrogen-phosphorus detection of the adducts utilising a novel internal standard, pentafluorophenylhydrazine, the adduct of which structurally resembles DFBA.
(12) Modification of uridines with hydrazine has no effect on interaction with the enzyme, except for one uridine near the 3'-end of tRNA(Gly).
(13) With a specific gas chromatographic assay procedure, the amount of hydrazine in the 0- to 24-hr urine was determined in patients treated with various doses of hydralazine.
(14) A chromophoric hydrazide, 4'-N,N-dimethylamino-4-azobenzene sulfonyl hydrazide (DABS-hydrazide), was prepared from 4'-N,N-dimethylamino-4-azobenzene sulfonyl chloride by reaction with hydrazine.
(15) A GC procedure for the simultaneous determination of hydrazine and benzylhydrazine in isocarboxazid raw material and tablet formulations has been developed.
(16) Hydrazine sulfate compared with placebo addition to chemotherapy resulted in significantly greater caloric intake and albumin maintenance (P less than .05).
(17) The synthesis was achieved by reacting 3-benzylthiazolidin-2-one-4-thione with its 4-hydrazone derivative to give N,N'-bis(3-benzyl-2-oxo-4-thiazolidinylidene)hydrazine, which was subjected to dibromination followed by reaction with various primary aromatic amines.
(18) This study has demonstrated that the nasal respiratory epithelia of rats and hamsters are the most sensitive tissues to the tumorigenic action of hydrazine following inhalation exposures.
(19) In the study in mice described below, which was carried out according to modern guidelines, no carcinogenic action was detected for hydrazine even after the administration of toxic doses over the entire lifespan of the animals.
(20) It is concluded that hydrazine acts to produce and altered base, possibly N(4)-aminocytosine, that produces mutations by mispairing at replication rather than by error-prone repair.
Organic
Definition:
(a.) Of or pertaining to an organ or its functions, or to objects composed of organs; consisting of organs, or containing them; as, the organic structure of animals and plants; exhibiting characters peculiar to living organisms; as, organic bodies, organic life, organic remains. Cf. Inorganic.
(a.) Produced by the organs; as, organic pleasure.
(a.) Instrumental; acting as instruments of nature or of art to a certain destined function or end.
(a.) Forming a whole composed of organs. Hence: Of or pertaining to a system of organs; inherent in, or resulting from, a certain organization; as, an organic government; his love of truth was not inculcated, but organic.
(a.) Pertaining to, or denoting, any one of the large series of substances which, in nature or origin, are connected with vital processes, and include many substances of artificial production which may or may not occur in animals or plants; -- contrasted with inorganic.
Example Sentences:
(1) The high amino acid levels in the cells suggest that these cells act as inter-organ transporters and reservoirs of amino acids, they have a different role in their handling and metabolism from those of mammals.
(2) These organic compounds were found to be stable on the sorbent tubes for at least seven days.
(3) The main clinical features pertaining to the concept of the "psycho-organic syndrome" (POS) were investigated in a sample of children who suffered from severe craniocerebral trauma.
(4) After 3 and 6 months, blood collected by cardiocentesis using ether anesthesia and then sacrificed to remove CNS and internal organs.
(5) Addition of phospholipase A2 from Vipera russelli venom led to a significant increase in the activity of guanylate cyclase in various rat organs.
(6) For the first time it was organized on the basis of population.
(7) Acceptance of less than ideal donors is ill-advised even though rejection of such donors conflicts with the current shortage of organs.
(8) There is no evidence that health-maintenance organizations reduce admissions in discretionary or "unnecessary" categories; instead, the data suggest lower admission rates across the board.
(9) We conclude that chloramphenicol resistance encoded by Tn1696 is due to a permeability barrier and hypothesize that the gene from P. aeruginosa may share a common ancestral origin with these genes from other gram-negative organisms.
(10) Recovery of CV-3988 from plasma averaged 81.7% for the column procedure and 40% for the organic extraction.
(11) One of the main users is coastal planning organizations and conservation organizations that are working on coral reefs.
(12) Infection with opportunistic organisms, either singly or in combination, is known to occur in immunocompromised patients.
(13) The causative organisms included viruses, fungi, and bacteria of both high and low pathogenicity.
(14) A chronic cannulation procedure is described which allows for sampling vomeronasal organ (VNO) contents repeatedly in freely moving conscious subjects.
(15) Neither Brucella organisms, nor increased numbers of neutrophils could be found in semen samples collected from the experimental animals.
(16) The lineage and clonality of Hodgkin's disease (HD) were investigated by analyzing the organization of the immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor beta-chain (T beta) gene loci in 18 cases of HD, and for comparison, in a panel of 103 cases of B- and T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) and lymphoid leukemias (LLs).
(17) A review is made from literature and an inventory of psychological and organic factors implicated in this pathology.
(18) The authors conclude that H. pylori alone causes little or no effect on an intact gastric mucosa in the rat, that either intact organisms or bacteria-free filtrates cause similar prolongation and delayed healing of pre-existing ulcers with active chronic inflammation, and that the presence of predisposing factors leading to disruption of gastric mucosal integrity may be required for the H. pylori enhancement of inflammation and tissue damage in the stomach.
(19) Data is available to support the early influences of enamel organ epithelium upon a responding mesenchyme in the determination of dental morphogenetic fields (Dryburg, 1967; Miller, 1969).
(20) The four deaths were not related to the injuries of parenchymatous organs.