(n.) A compound containing only hydrogen and carbon, as methane, benzene, etc.; also, by extension, any of their derivatives.
Example Sentences:
(1) The high transition enthalpy for kerasin is ascribed to a lesser accommodation of gauche conformers in the hydrocarbon chains just below the transition temperature.
(2) Aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) inducibility, carbon monoxide in expired air (CO), serum gammaglutamyl-transferase (GGT), and total cholesterol were compared in equal-sized, age-matched samples of healthy middle-aged males born in 1921, 1934-1936, and 1946 attending the ongoing preventive medical population program in Malmö.
(3) The length of the hydrocarbon chains of the surface-modified silica supports had no significant influence on the selectivity.
(4) The specificity of binding to microsomal proteins of metabolically activated hydrocarbons has been studied.
(5) Aryl hydrocarbon (benzo(a)pyrene) hydroxylase is present and inducible in Buffalo rat liver cells in culture.
(6) The possible occupational cause of the disease, as more solvents in the mud have the structure of aromatic hydrocarbons is discussed.
(7) Experiments with a series of adsorbents homologous with CPAD-Sepharose, in which the length of the hydrocarbon chain was varied, provided strong evidence of hydrophobic interactions, in addition to ionic interactions, in the binding of these proteins to CPAD-Sepharose.
(8) In the hydrocarbon promotion study, dose related increases were observed in the incidence of ACF in male rats promoted with UG or 50 ppm TMP for 24 or 60 weeks.
(9) The results also demonstrated that there was not any apparent correlation between the receptor-binding avidities and in vitro monooxygenase enzyme-induction potencies for the most active polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons.
(10) Both main-stream and side-stream cigarette smoke condensates and some fractions, containing water-soluble bases, water-insoluble bases, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, were found to induce AHH activity in lung and liver, the lung being induced to the greatest extent.
(11) Pancreas transplantation offers the possibility of preventing the development and progression of diabetic lesions by adequate control of hydrocarbon metabolism.
(12) A comparison of the relative cytosolic Ah (9S) receptor binding affinities and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) induction potencies of these hydrocarbons with their 4S protein binding affinities demonstrated the following: five compounds, namely 1,2,5,6-dibenz[a]-anthracene, 1,2,3,4-dibenz[a]anthracene, picene, benzo[a]pyrene and 3-methylcholanthrene exhibited high to moderate binding affinities for the 4S and 9S cytosolic proteins (EC50 values less than 10(-6) M) and induced AHH in rat hepatoma cells; three compounds, namely perylene, benzo[e]pyrene and benzo[g,h,i]perylene exhibited high affinities for the 4S binding protein (1.25 X 10(-7), 4.4 X 10(-8) and 2.9 X 10(-8) M, respectively) and low affinities (EC50 values greater than 10(-5) M) for the Ah receptor protein; moreover these three compounds did not induce AHH in rat hepatoma H-4-II E cells in culture.
(13) It was found that HBSAg was strongly bound to straight hydrocarbon chains with more than seven carbon atoms.
(14) The parent hydrocarbons and the related K-region dihydrodiols induced some sister-chromatid exchanges but they were considerably less active than these two non-K-region diols.
(15) The effect of various fuel additives on the ability of platinum-palladium catalytic converters to remove the carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon components of automotive exhaust has been examined.
(16) Other chlorinated hydrocarbons as decachlorobiphenyl, pentachloronaphthalene, hexachloronaphthalene and hexachlorostyrene were identified, but not quantified.
(17) It has been estimated that natural oil seeps may also contribute as much as 10% of the hydrocarbons in the global marine environment.
(18) The metabolic fate of the carcinogenic aza-aromatic hydrocarbon 7-methyl[7-(14)C]benz[c]acridine (14C-7MBAC) was studied in hepatocytes freshly isolated from untreated, phenobarbital-pretreated and 3-methylcholanthrene-pretreated rats.
(19) Renal cytochrome P450, aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase, 7-ethoxycoumarin-O-deethylase, and benzphetamine N-demethylase were increased after partial hepatectomy by 84%, 360%, 165% and 406%, respectively.
(20) Antioxidants devoid of hydrocarbon tails, are 10-20 fold more potent LPO inhibitors than the corresponding AOs with hydrocarbon tails.
Propylene
Definition:
(n.) A colorless gaseous hydrocarbon (C3H6) of the ethylene series, having a garlic odor. It occurs in coal gas, and is produced artificially in various ways. Called also propene.
Example Sentences:
(1) CZP reduced the incidence of convulsions only after the larger dose, but plain solvent (propylene glycol, ethanol, water) was equally effective.
(2) A hemolytic reaction, probably due to the propylene glycol in the solution, was seen in one case.
(3) At initial concentrations of 0.1 and 1.0 M, glycerin and propylene glycol increase significantly the intestinal absorption rate of theophylline from the small intestine of anesthetized rats.
(4) Therapeutic application of drugs containing propylene glycol 1.2 as a solvent may distort the results of forensic chemical detection of ethylene glycol from its oxidation products.
(5) Practical examples illustrate the possibility of ethylene glycol determination by gas chromatography in the presence of propylene glycol.
(6) Experimental data are presented for: (a) the flux of diflorasone diacetate through hairless mouse skin, (b) the percutaneous penetration profile of propylene glycol, (c) the effects of vehicle concentrations of polyoxypropylene 15 stearyl ether and propylene glycol on the percutaneous flux of diflorasone diacetate, (d) skin--vehicle partition coefficients of diflorasone diacetate, (e) the solubility profile of diflorasone diacetate as a function of solvent concentration, and (f) the alteration of the skin's resistance to the penetration of diflorasone diacetate due to propylene glycol.
(7) Dehydration in ethanol and propylene oxide produces a further 10% shrinkage in volume.
(8) Propylene glycol (PG) is widely used as a drug solvent in the pharmaceutical industry.
(9) Propylene glycol was less effective than polyethylene glycol 400.
(10) On the other hand, propylene glycol, an alcohol sulfotransferase inhibitor, had a profound inhibitory effect on DNA methylation induced by NMHEA, very little effect on the formation of N7-(2-hydroxyethyl)guanine, but a very strong effect on the O6-hydroxyethylguanine lesions.
(11) The SCE frequency was more than doubled in the cultures treated with ethylene oxide and propylene oxide; methyl bromide also induced SCEs.
(12) However, propylene glycol was found to depress all the levels of alkylation in the brachymorphic mice, except for N7-(2-hydroxyethyl)guanine, as was observed in rats.
(13) Of these, 11 were positive to propantheline bromide, 3 to trichlorocarbanilide and one to propylene glycol.
(14) A method for monitoring exposure to ethylene oxide (EO) and propylene oxide (PO) and their corresponding alkenes through the analysis of adducts to N-terminal valine in hemoglobin (Hb) using gas chromatography (GC) and electron-capture detection has been developed.
(15) The CK activity was measured in muscle tissue taken from the injected area (dorsal longissimus muscle) and the contralateral side of the injection site 72 hours after intramuscular injection into rabbits of 1 ml of different dilutions of propylene glycol or glycerol formal in distilled water or 0.9% saline.
(16) We found the application of propylene glycol alone to produce no epidermal changes.
(17) After inhalation exposure, 1,2-epoxybutane was carcinogenic in rodents as were other epoxides or related compounds including propylene oxide, 1,3-butadiene, and ethylene oxide.
(18) The rats received propylene glycol alone (control) or with Actinomycin-D (Act-D) at 08.00 h, followed by EB at 12.00 h on day 3.
(19) Israeli Friesian cows in the third or later lactation, were injected intramuscularly with 1 alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 in propylene glycol.
(20) Addition of protease inhibitors, phenylmethyl sulfonyl fluoride (PMSF) and ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA), to subzero (-10 degrees C) fixation with propylene glycol and formaldehyde provides reproducible preservation of immunoreactive AII.