(n.) That branch of the science of mechanics which relates to fluids, or, as usually limited, which treats of the laws of motion and action of nonelastic fluids, whether as investigated mathematically, or by observation and experiment; the principles of dynamics, as applied to water and other fluids.
Example Sentences:
(1) In both instances the permeation rates of proteins can be better correlated to hydrodynamic radii than to molecular weights.
(2) Modifications in quaternary structure induced by variation of these physicochemical parameters were followed by means of X-ray and quasi-elastic light-scattering and quantified in terms of weight average molecular weight (M), radius of gyration (Rg) and hydrodynamic radius (Rh).
(3) Derivatization of two glucuronides with 2-ferrocenylethylamine, followed by chromatographic separation and measurement of hydrodynamic voltammograms with an electrochemical detector was carried out for unequivocal identification.
(4) Hypertension consequent upon increasing brain edema, and intercerebral pressure gradient which is the cause of transverse dislocation diminish with the use of a method which provides for hydrodynamic equilibrium.
(5) Hydrodynamic measurements show that the hydrodynamic volume of both conformations is almost constant over the range of temperature investigated.
(6) The adaptation of the Nielsen equation for multisized particle systems is suggested as being potentially useful for treating experimental data where hydrodynamic effects must be considered.
(7) Furthermore, the effects of detergents other than CHAPS on hydrodynamic parameters and on [3H]TCDD binding to the receptor were studied.
(8) By studying the kinetics of urease-catalyzed urea hydrolysis during application of hydrodynamic shear under varying chemical environments, we demonstrate that micromolar quantities of metal ions, in this case adventitious Fe, can accelerate the oxidation of thiol groups on urease and thus inactivate it when the protein is subjected to a shearing stress of order 1.0 Pa.
(9) The results provide further evidence that stimulus transmission across dentine in hypersensitive teeth is mediated by a hydrodynamic mechanism.
(10) A reasonable hydrodynamic description of the aggregates of molecular weight 28,600 is a rod with a length of 170 A and a diameter of 30 A; this description is consistent with the X-ray scattering data.
(11) However, previous hydrodynamic and gel-exclusion results clearly indicate that all three of these proteins are oligomeric under these conditions.
(12) The shape of protein S4 from Escherichia coli ribosomes in solution was determined by hydrodynamic methods and low-angle X-ray scattering.
(13) Collision is dependent on the hydrodynamic environment as well.
(14) The heparan sulfate proteoglycan in peak III was larger in hydrodynamic size than the proteoglycan in peak I.
(15) Outflow hydrodynamics and perforation mechanism as well as the required optical matching system are evaluated in detail.
(16) Fresh homograft aortic and pulmonary roots were tested in a pulsatile flow simulator to assess their hydrodynamic function and leaflet opening characteristics.
(17) The presence of a lipid-binding site in colicin A at neutral pH was demonstrated both by hydrodynamic studies with micelles of n-hexadecanoyl and n-octadecanoylphosphocholine and by differential sensitivity to a proteolytic enzyme in the presence or absence of detergent micelles.
(18) The hydrodynamic and DNA-binding properties of the 48-kDa fragment were compared with the parent molecule.
(19) It was also found that calf chondrocytes synthesize much greater proportion of the collagen whereas the cow cells synthesize PGs of smaller hydrodynamic sizes, bearing shorter GAG side chains that are enriched in KS (Keratan sulfate) and Ch-6S (Chondroitin-6 sulfate isomer).
(20) In this communication we report that the second transition was characterized by changes in the circular dichroism spectra in the 260--320 nm region as well as by changes in the hydrodynamic properties.
Hydrostatics
Definition:
(n.) The branch of science which relates to the pressure and equilibrium of nonelastic fluids, as water, mercury, etc.; the principles of statics applied to water and other liquids.
Example Sentences:
(1) This hydrostatic pressure may well be the driving force for creating channels for acid and pepsin to cross the mucus layer covering the mucosal surface.
(2) Hydrostatic occlusion of arteries with 12 kPa (90 mmHg) for 30 sec did not affect endothelial morphology and fibrinolytic activity, but after occlusion for 5 or 20 min the endothelium in both arteries and veins was severely damaged.
(3) Comparison of these theoretical results with variations in reabsorption observed in micropuncture studies makes it possible to place upper and lower bounds on the difference between interstitial oncotic and hydrostatic pressures in the renal cortex of the rat.
(4) The direct measurement of adiposity, using hydrostatic weighing and other techniques, is not feasible in studies involving young children or with large numbers of older subjects.
(5) It expresses the ratio between the partial pressure of the dissolved gas and the reduction of hydrostatic pressure during ascent (given as pressure gradient).
(6) Since slight hydrostatic pressure on the subepithelial side suffices to reverse the net transfer, it is assumed that in vivo the filtration pressure of the capillaries is the motive force for net transfer into the lumen.
(7) To test this hypothesis, experiments were performed on this protein to determine its behavior under increased hydrostatic pressure and the effect of its concentration on aqueous surface tension.
(8) To assess the role of hydrostatic pressure in edema formation, we compared lung permeability-surface area products (PS) in papaverine-treated lungs given either protamine alone or PAF + protamine and tested the effect of mechanical elevation of Pmv on protamine-induced lung edema.
(9) The coefficient characterizing flows generated by hydrostatic pressure is substantially larger than that characterizing osmotic flows.
(10) Overall, 87% of patients with hydrostatic edema but only 60% of patients with increased permeability edema were correctly identified.
(11) The relatively small increase in Qlym with LTD4 suggests that the increase in the transvascular fluid filtration rate is the result of a rise in the pulmonary capillary hydrostatic pressure.
(12) The antibody-induced mesangial cell lysis at day 1 resulted in a significant decrease in glomerular ultrafiltration coefficient, leading to reduction in single nephron glomerular filtration rate (SNGFR) in spite of a significant increase in both glomerular hydrostatic pressure and single nephron plasma flow (SNPF).
(13) Quantification of theoretical and observed values for Jw and Psuc strongly suggests that effects of pH on both the osmotic and hydrostatic flux reflect a modification of the paracellular path.
(14) The pulmonary lymph flow was elevated, initially from hydrostatic pressure and later from increased permeability.
(15) Distention of the antral sleeve by hydrostatic pressure (3-25cm H2O) caused stepwise and significant increase in gastrin release that was reversible.
(16) The hydrostatic pressure relations are presented as the most essential genetic factor in the development of ascites for hepatogenic reason.
(17) With increasing hydrostatic pressure, the turbidity of an alpha-crystallin solution increases exponentially to a plateau at about 6000-8000 psi; upon release of pressure, the samples slowly return to their original turbidity level.
(18) Interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure (Pif) was measured with micropipettes during the acute edema generation that followed thermal skin injury in rats.
(19) These stimulatory effects of the hydrostatic pressure on DNA and GAG syntheses could be found when cultured chondrocytes were in a multilayer stage.
(20) Res., 39, 279-286] the pressure gradient of the endolymph between the cochlea and ES was calculated to be 71.5 mmHg at 38 degrees C. The contribution of the osmotic and hydrostatic pressure gradients of the endolymph to the longitudinal flow is discussed.