(n.) A condition of overgrowth or excessive development of an organ or part; -- the opposite of atrophy.
Example Sentences:
(1) We conclude that chronic emphysema produced in dogs by aerosol administration of papain results in elevated pulmonary artery pressure, which is characterized pathologically by medial hypertrophy of small pulmonary arteries.
(2) The severity and site of hypertrophy is important in determining the clinical picture and the natural history of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).
(3) A NYHA-class greater than II was observed in 18% of patients with type-I hypertrophy, in 29% with type II, but in 61% with type III (p less than or equal to 0.05).
(4) All patients with localized subaortic hypertrophy had left ventricular hypertrophy (left ventricular mass or posterior wall thickness greater than 2 SD from normal) with a normal size cavity due to aortic valve disease (2 patients were also hypertensive).
(5) Light microscopy of both apneics and snorers revealed mucous gland hypertrophy with ductal dilation and focal squamous metaplasia, disruption of muscle bundles by infiltrating mucous glands, focal atrophy of muscle fibers, and extensive edema of the lamina propria with vascular dilation.
(6) However, in benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) cases, a high false positive rate of 41% was observed in Americans.
(7) We conclude that aging alone has little or no effect on the responsiveness to insulin of glucose metabolism in fat cells and that the insulin resistance of adipocytes from obese older rats is due to fat cell hypertrophy, not aging.
(8) Dysplasia epiphysealis hemimelica - an epiphyseal developmental disturbance of the skeleton - is combined with exostose-like, tumor-simulating cartilaginous hypertrophy of bone tissue, mainly located at the epiphyses of the lower extremities and at the tarsal bones.
(9) Hypertrophy is restricted to subdivisions of the inferior olive included in recurrent cerebello-mesencephalic-olivary circuits.
(10) Renal hypertrophy was induced in mice by injection of testosterone.
(11) Contribution of proliferation and hypertrophy of the epitheliocytes to the growth and regeneration of the rat parathyroid glands was estimated using organo- and cytometry, cytophotometry of DNA content in the nuclei and determination of mitotic index.
(12) Ultrastructurally, the atrial myocardial cells in all three patients were hypertrophied, and two patients had evidence of focal cell degeneration; the atrium was markedly dilated, but atrial arrhythmias were not noted.
(13) When the same dose of ISO was administered to rats with aortic constriction the rise in labelled Ca uptake by the hypertrophied myocardium of the left ventricle was greatly reduced.
(14) Golgi complex hypertrophy follows fertilization, and this increased activity continues throughout early embryogenesis.
(15) We studied DNA (mtDNA) replication in adult female rat hearts undergoing hypertrophy secondary to constriction of the ascending aorta.
(16) Four hours after infusion, the animals displayed a clinical and pathological pattern which closely resembled post-traumatic acute respiratory distress syndrome, including hypoxia, hypocarbia, thrombocytopenia, increased pulmonary capillary permeability to albumin, interstitial edema, hypertrophy of alveolar lining cells, and intra-alveolar hemorrhage.
(17) Twenty-one of the 22 patients showed systolic anterior movement of the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve on a cineangiogram and the papillary muscles and left ventricular wall were moderately to severely hypertrophied in 18 patients.
(18) Persisting diastolic dysfunction with a substantial rise in left ventricular filling pressure can be observed during dynamic exercise in postoperative patients with preoperative severe pressure overload hypertrophy.
(19) Water restriction of HYD birds for 5 days as adults stimulated tubule hypertrophy but not to the same extent as the chronic regimen and with no evidence for hyperplasia.
(20) The diagnosis was considered established, when the patient had a significant left intraventricular pressure gradient (LIPG) and by angiographic and or echocardiographic demonstration of systolic anterior movement of the mitral valve and asymmetric septal hypertrophy.
Rank
Definition:
(superl.) Luxuriant in growth; of vigorous growth; exuberant; grown to immoderate height; as, rank grass; rank weeds.
(superl.) Raised to a high degree; violent; extreme; gross; utter; as, rank heresy.
(superl.) Causing vigorous growth; producing luxuriantly; very rich and fertile; as, rank land.
(superl.) Strong-scented; rancid; musty; as, oil of a rank smell; rank-smelling rue.
(superl.) Strong to the taste.
(superl.) Inflamed with venereal appetite.
(adv.) Rankly; stoutly; violently.
(n. & v.) A row or line; a range; an order; a tier; as, a rank of osiers.
(n. & v.) A line of soldiers ranged side by side; -- opposed to file. See 1st File, 1 (a).
(n. & v.) Grade of official standing, as in the army, navy, or nobility; as, the rank of general; the rank of admiral.
(n. & v.) An aggregate of individuals classed together; a permanent social class; an order; a division; as, ranks and orders of men; the highest and the lowest ranks of men, or of other intelligent beings.
(n. & v.) Degree of dignity, eminence, or excellence; position in civil or social life; station; degree; grade; as, a writer of the first rank; a lawyer of high rank.
(n. & v.) Elevated grade or standing; high degree; high social position; distinction; eminence; as, a man of rank.
(v. t.) To place abreast, or in a line.
(v. t.) To range in a particular class, order, or division; to class; also, to dispose methodically; to place in suitable classes or order; to classify.
(v. t.) To take rank of; to outrank.
(v. i.) To be ranged; to be set or disposed, as in a particular degree, class, order, or division.
(v. i.) To have a certain grade or degree of elevation in the orders of civil or military life; to have a certain degree of esteem or consideration; as, he ranks with the first class of poets; he ranks high in public estimation.
Example Sentences:
(1) Treatment termination due to lack of efficacy or combined insufficient therapeutic response and toxicity proved to be influenced by the initial disease activity and by the rank order of prescription.
(2) Despite a 10-year deadline to have the same number of ethnic minority officers in the ranks as in the populations they serve, the target was missed and police are thousands of officers short.
(3) Measures of average and cumulative rank were used to augment tests of the significance of correlations between different indicators.
(4) The programs are written in Fortran and are implemented on a Rank Xerox Sigma 6 computer.
(5) Significant differences in the pharmacological characteristics of the alpha 2 adrenoceptor were observed between the tissues with reference to both absolute drug affinities as well as rank order of drug potency.
(6) While superheroes like “superman” (21st in SplashData’s 2014 rankings) and “batman” (24th) may be popular choices for passwords, the results if they are cracked could be anything other than super – and users will only have themselves to blame.
(7) This analysis is based on a ranking of neighbourhoods according to the participation of young people in higher education.
(8) When histamine (5 micrograms) was injected into three different levels of the ventricular system, the magnitude and duration of the resulting increases in plasma epinephrine and glucose were in the following rank order: the third ventricle greater than aqueduct much greater than fourth ventricle.
(9) The rank order of potency of the peptides tested was VIP greater than rat (r) peptide histidine isoleucine = human (h) PHI greater than rGRF greater than bovine GRF = porcine PHI = VIP-(10-28) greater than hGRF greater than secretin greater than apamin greater than glucagon.
(10) In the latter case, the studies have resulted in a ranking of processes and treatment methods to protect the environment.
(11) Cefuzoname seems to be among the middle ranks of beta-lactam agents as far as penetration rate is concerned; however, when its potent antibacterial activity and broad spectrum are taken into account, the concentrations in CSF in patients with meningitis seem worth examining.
(12) They include two leading Republican hopefuls for the presidential race in 2016, Rand Paul and Marco Rubio; three of them enjoy A+ rankings from the NRA and a further eight are listed A. Rand Paul of Kentucky The junior senator's penchant for filibusters became famous during his nearly 13-hour speech against the use unmanned drones, and he is one of three senators who sent an initial missive to Reid , warning him of another verbose round.
(13) Using an explicit process, the Oregon Health Services Commission has completed the ranking of 714 condition-treatment pairs.
(14) Autonomy, sense of accomplishment and time spent in patient care ranked as the top three factors contributing to job satisfaction.
(15) On guinea-pig lung strip the rank order of potency was U-46619 greater than Wy17186 much greater than PGF2 alpha greater than PGE2 and responses to all agonists tested were blocked by AH19437 but not by SC-19220.
(16) In the UK, George Osborne used this to his advantage, claiming "Britain faces the disaster of having its international credit rating downgraded" even after Moody's ranked UK debt as "resilient".
(17) The eight senators, including the incoming ranking member Mark Warner of Virginia, wrote to Barack Obama to request he declassify relevant intelligence on the election.
(18) Hence, a priori haplotyping cannot exclude a particular CF mutation, but in combination with population genetic data, enables mutations to be ranked by decreasing probability.
(19) The rank order of potencies of the four AEDs was: (a) in young: CBZ > PHT > PhB > VPA; (b) in adult: CBZ > PhB > PHT > VPA.
(20) Patients clinically evaluated as effective tended to be so pathologically as well, as shown by Spearman's rank correlation test which gave a significant correlation between the clinical and pathological scores.