(n.) A form of sleep or somnambulism brought on by artificial means, in which there is an unusual suspension of some powers, and an unusual activity of others. It is induced by an action upon the nerves, through the medium of the senses, as in persons of very feeble organization, by gazing steadly at a very bright object held before the eyes, or by pressure upon certain points of the surface of the body.
Example Sentences:
(1) Open field behaviors and isolation-induced aggression were reduced by anxiolytics, at doses which may be within the sedative-hypnotic range.
(2) We have evaluated the action of hypnotics on the sleep-wakefulness cycle in freely implanted rats during their maximally active period because it is easier to estimate the duration of the sedative effect.
(3) The pharmacological examination showed that the new compounds are deprived of the hypnotic activity characteristic for 3,3'-spirobi-5-methyltetrahydrofuranone-2 (2) and behaved in most tests as tranquillizers.
(4) to avoid inhibition of 'natural' responses by anxiety due to the laboratory setting, we made use of post-hypnotic suggestions regarding the nature of the stimuli the subjects were to expect.
(5) 3 alpha-hydroxylated pregnane steroids have been shown to possess anesthetic, hypnotic, anticonvulsant and anxiolytic properties.
(6) Non-benzodiazepine hypnotics may be useful alternatives and our group has undertaken double-blind comparative trials with two such compounds, namely zopiclone and zolpidem.
(7) Thus, with its 'intermediate' elimination half-life, loprazolam would appear to have some potential advantages over both long- and short-acting hypnotics in selected patients, although further studies are needed to fully elucidate its place in therapy.
(8) On the other hand, thiazolidone derivatives are reported to have anesthetic, anticonvulsant, and hypnotic activity.
(9) The most thorough and clinically relevant approach to hypnotic drug evaluation is one that balances the strengths and weaknesses of clinical trials and sleep laboratory evaluations.
(10) Contrary to other studies, central nervous system stimulants are not the most widely prescribed psychoactive drugs in childhood and adolescence, but rather, minor tranquilizers, sedatives and hypnotics are the most widely prescribed psychoactive drugs.
(11) Erickson's utilization approach provides a model of hypnotic and strategic intervention for persons seeking psychotherapy because of sexual orientation confusion.
(12) Previously, we demonstrated that dexmedetomidine, an alpha 2 agonist, produces a hypnotic-anesthetic response in rats via activation of central alpha 2 adrenoceptors and that this response could be enhanced by the alpha 1 antagonist prazosin.
(13) Ten kinds of uracil derivatives showed hypnotic activity.
(14) We suggest that GHB may serve as the prototype for a new class of hypnotic compounds derived from natural sources and capable of activating the neurological mechanisms of normal human sleep.
(15) The steroid anesthetic alphaxalone and a series of naturally occurring analogs were compared in potency and efficacy with each other and the hypnotic barbiturate pentobarbital for interaction with gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors:binding sites in rat brain membranes and functional activity in 36Cl- flux measurements with rat hippocampal slices.
(16) An attempt was made to construct and validate a questionnaire measure of hypnotic-like experiences based on Shor's (1979) 8-dimension phenomenological analysis of hypnosis.
(17) The literature on the effects of anxiolytic and hypnotic drugs on performance in tasks requiring sustained attention is confusing.
(18) The largest group of insomniac subjects, and the group who most often used hypnotics "frequently and chronically", were women 45 years and older.
(19) Bilateral microinjection of ethanol to the preoptic area of rats causes a dose-dependent hypnotic effect at doses that do not affect brain temperature.
(20) The Hypnotic Induction Profile (HIP) will be discussed as a rapid and efficient method to identify individual resources and develop treatment strategies.
Somnolism
Definition:
(n.) The somnolent state induced by animal magnetism.
Example Sentences:
(1) Lethargy and somnolence were reported on both capsule and tablet by several subjects at a time which corresponded with the maximum concentration of drug in plasma.
(2) On admission, the patient's state of consciousness deteriorated from somnolence to coma.
(3) This was generally mild and always fully reversible and consisted mainly of forgetfulness, occasionally hallucinations, nightmares and somnolence.
(4) A 63-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with tremor and somnolence, followed soon by coma.
(5) Diminished salivary flow was significantly greater with amitriptyline, as were complaints of dry mouth, somnolence, dizziness, and headache.
(6) Somnolence, hypotonia, weight gain, excitation, and insomnia were the most common problems at the beginning of the study and were usually transient.
(7) A 60-year-old woman who for many years had been taking salicylate-containing tablets for headaches, was admitted to hospital, in a somnolent state, because of increasing weakness, tiredness, memory and speech disorders, and tinnitus.
(8) The central anticholinergic syndrome (CAS) includes central signs (somnolence, confusion, amnesia, agitation, hallucinations, dysarthria, ataxia, delirium, stupor, coma) and peripheral signs (dry mouth, dry skin, tachycardia, visual disturbances and difficulty in micturition).
(9) During three month periods, the patient progressively became somnolent, speechless and immobile.
(10) Our data demonstrate that patients with diagnosable disorders of excessive somnolence may be discordant on the two tests (eg, having low sleep latency on MSLT but high sleep latency on MWT).
(11) Tolerance was good with the rare problem of somnolence.
(12) Neurological examination on admission revealed somnolence and right-hemiparesis.
(13) The clinical features include overwhelming episodes of sleep, excessive daytime somnolence, hypnagogic hallucinations, disturbed nocturnal sleep; manifestations of dissociated REM sleep inhibitory process, cataplexy and sleep paralysis; and a special polygraphic pattern: the sleep onset REM episode.
(14) Symptoms of excessive daytime somnolence range from mild to severe.
(15) Subjects with a history of post-irradiation somnolence syndrome were significantly older at diagnosis than nonsomnolent subjects.
(16) In some cases there was a marked additional fall of arterial pressure in the orthostatic position, a sensation of dryness in the mouth, weakness and mild somnolence.
(17) The results indicate that inattention and somnolence negatively influence memory performance and should be taken into account when evaluating the Amytal memory test results.
(18) Clinical symptoms include excessive daytime somnolence, overwhelming daytime sleep episodes, attacks of cataplexy, hypnagogic hallucinations, sleep paralysis and disturbed nocturnal sleep; sleep onset REM episodes are the main polygraphic feature.
(19) Patients with the hypersomnia-sleep apnea syndrome should be provided with a tracheal opening during sleep when severe daytime somnolence, cardiac arrhythmias, and hypertension are present.
(20) The decreased somnolence and increased libido and potency which accompanied therapy with levodopa suggest damage to dopaminergic and noradrenergic pathways.