(n.) A curve traced by a point in the circumference of a circle which rolls on the concave side in the fixed circle. Cf. Epicycloid, and Trochoid.
Example Sentences:
(1) Axial hypocycloidal tomography is now an indispensable part of the diagnostic evaluation of patients with suspected orbital tumours and the procedure is complementary to other non-invasive investigations of the orbit, such as axial computerized tomography and ultrasonography.
(2) Six examiners, three radiologists and three oral surgeons, independently measured the distance from the alveolar crest to the upper border of the mandibular canal in transverse hypocycloidal tomograms of the mandible.
(3) The requirements for reproduction on thin bony walls at tomography with hypocycloidal movement are defined and discussed.
(4) Thirty-six temporomandibular joints (TMJs) in 28 symptomatic patients (aged 14-40 years) with rheumatic disease (mostly rheumatoid arthritis) were studied with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and hypocycloidal tomography.
(5) The hypocycloidal polytomographic temporal bone studies performed on 2683 patients were reviewed, and the radiographic appearance of the vestibular aqueduct was evaluated.
(6) Hypocycloidal (frontal and temporal) tomography of the base of the skull is compared with high resolution computed tomography (HR-CT) with respect to dose and clinical usefulness.
(7) For preliminary evaluation of the temporal bone, a combination of conventional radiographs and hypocycloidal tomography in the frontal projection is advocated.
(8) Hypocycloidal images of a head phantom were subjectively ranked for image quality, and contrast, spatial frequency spectra, and Wiener noise spectra were measured.
(9) Previous reports have described the use of metrizamide cisternography combined with either hypocycloidal tomography or computerized tomography; however, direct, dynamic, real-time visualization of the fistula is difficult with instillation of a minimal dose of metrizamide using those methods.
(10) The techniques described include simple plain film roentgenography (and its contrast-related applications: dacryocystography, orbital venography, and angiography), axial hypocycloidal tomography, computed tomography, ultrasonography, and magnetic resonance imaging.
(11) Fractures are best evaluated by conventional roentgenograms with linear or hypocycloidal tomography.
(12) In the second group, the preoperative endoscopic findings were dominated by disease in the middle meatus and in the area of the anterior ethmoid, verified either by conventional hypocycloidal or computed tomography.
(13) Modulation Transfer Functions (MTF) for tomographic imaging with linear, circular, hypocycloidal and spiral motion are given.
(14) The EMI-Scanner had a diagnostic accuracy of 84%; orbital venography, 84%; axial hypocycloidal tomography, 71%; and ultrasound, 76%.
(15) With exception of one woman in whom it probably had been missed by hypocycloidal tomography, no demonstrable prolactinoma developed.
(16) This paper presents a technique for accurate localization of these fistulae, using metrizamide cisternography combined with both hypocycloidal tomography and computed tomography.
(17) The following radiographic techniques were used: periapical and panoramic radiography, hypocycloidal tomography, and computed tomography (CT).
(18) Pneumoencephalography with hypocycloidal polytomography is interpreted as both an empty sella, and evidence of a pituitary adenoma.
(19) Cisternography with metrizamide (Amipaque) and hypocycloidal tomography was found to depict cisternal anatomy with detail and precision not obtainable with any other technique.
(20) Each patient had a combined tomographic examination consisting of 15 degrees linear movement followed by 34 degrees hypocycloidal movement.
Spirograph
Definition:
(n.) An instrument for recording the respiratory movements, as the sphygmograph does those of the pulse.
Example Sentences:
(1) Pulmonary function is little modified on the spirographic level; however, one observes an improvement of blood gases at rest which seems to result from better alveolar ventilation.
(2) simultaneous spirographic recording of the volume expired (FEV-1) and independent plethysmographic recording of TLC were obtained.
(3) In 10 patients with airway obstruction, spirographic indices and maximal expiratory flow rates were measured before inhalation of fenoterol and at different time intervals, for 5 h, following the inhalation of 200 mug of this substance.
(4) The improvement achieved in 42 patients included amelioration of the clinical symptoms cough, secretion and dyspnoea; the lessening of bronchial obstruction could be verified by spirographic analyses.
(5) Four cases of respiratory dyskinesia were investigated by using a spirograph before and after biperiden injection.
(6) Clinical, bronchoscopic, spirographic, scintigraphic, and chemical analyses were done in 24 children with cystic fibrosis to assess the mucolytic effects of acetylcysteine inhalations versus L-arginine hydrochloride aerosols.
(7) The study included atopic research through questioning and allergy skin tests; spirographic respiratory function study, airway resistance, carbachol BHR with determination of the threshold dose (FEV1 20% decrease).
(8) Spirographic determinations before and 1--2 months after surgery showed that the postoperative sequelae were milder in children than in adults.
(9) One stage total bilateral pulmonary denervation produced in a group of 23 dogs an increase breathing frequency, an increase in the amplitude of respiration and a characteristic morphology of the spirographic pattern.
(10) The spirographic shortage was on the whole identical in both groups.
(11) Spirographic parameters examined were vital capacity percent (%VC), forced expiratory volume in 1 sec divided by forced vital capacity (%) (FEV1.0%), and blood gas data.
(12) Administration of an aerosol of acetylcholine after normalization of the spirographic pattern produced a temporary reappearance of the immediate postdenervation spirographic pattern.
(13) The survey involved: a complex evaluation of respiratory tract, including internal, radiological, spirographic, gasometric and capnographic examinations.
(14) The functional state of the lungs was evaluated by means of spirographic and radiological methods.
(15) The improvement in pattency of small airways following administration of bronchodilators can be an index for early identification of patients with chronic bronchitis, although this needs to be verified in prospective spirographic studies.
(16) An analysis of spirographic studies and measurement of airflow resistance in diagnosing bronchial hyperreactivity in 27 children with bronchial asthma was made.
(17) In 21 males, aged about 20, 18 out of them with chronic bronchopulmonary diseases (bronchiectases, focal fibrosis, deforming bronchitis) and three healthy--VC, FEFR1, FVC, MMV50, MEFR200-1200, MAEFR, MAEFR25-75 and MEFR50 and MEFR90 were spirographically investigated prior to, two hours afert and 24 hours after unilateral bronchography; the three of the investigations were combined with a subsequent inhalation bronchodilatation test with orziprenalin--aersol (alupent).
(18) It's more of a Spirograph than an Etch a Sketch, as the sweeping curves signify.
(19) The author reports the results of hemoynamic, spirographic and biochemical studies conducted in patients, operated upon on the organs of the lower abdomen, pelvis and lower extremities.
(20) During the period of rehabilitation the usual spirographic measurements were carried out and some spiroergometric parameters were measured at standardized ergometric work loads.