(1) Further analysis with two other synthetic peptides (212Cys to 222Glu and Cys X 221Ile to 236Glu) indicated that the dodecapeptide Ile-Glu-Phe-Gln-Lys-Asn-Asn-Arg-Leu-Leu-Glu mimicked either the whole or a major part of the neutralization epitope.
(2) In contrast, strains carrying the substitutions Ile-30----Phe, Gly-33----Leu, Gly-58----Leu, and Lys-34----Val and the Lys-34----Val, Glu-37----Gln double substitution were found to possess a coupled phenotype similar to that of the wild type.
(3) The commercially available chromogenic p-nitroanilide substrates Pro-Phe-Arg-NH-Np (S2302 or chromozym PK), Glp-Pro-Arg-NH-Np (S2366), Ile-Glu-(piperidyl)-Gly-Arg-NH-Np (S2337), and Ile-Glu-Gly-Arg-NH-Np (S2222) were tested for their suitability as substrates in these assays.
(4) We have named them bombolitin I (Ile-Lys-Ile-Thr-Thr-Met-Leu-Ala-Lys-Leu-Gly-Lys-Val-Leu-Ala-His-Val-NH2 ), bombolitin II (Ser-Lys-Ile-Thr-Asp-Ile-Leu-Ala-Lys-Leu-Gly-Lys-Val-Leu-Ala-His-Val-NH2 ), bombolitin III (Ile-Lys-Ile-Met-Asp-Ile-Leu-Ala-Lys-Leu-Gly-Lys-Val-Leu-Ala-His-Val-NH2 ), bombolitin IV (Ile-Asn-Ile-Lys-Asp-Ile-Leu-Ala-Lys-Leu-Val-Lys-Val-Leu-Gly-His-Val-NH2 ), and bombolitin V (Ile-Asn-Val-Leu-Gly-Ile-Leu-Gly-Leu-Leu-Gly-Lys-Ala-Leu-Ser-His-Leu-NH2 ).
(5) Ile-tRNA synthetase shows little inactivation in either process.
(6) Structurally altered polymorphic variants with reduced activity, such as tetrameric interface mutant Ile-58 to Thr, may produce not only an early selective advantage, through enhanced cytotoxicity of tumor necrosis factor for virus-infected cells, but also detrimental effects from increased mitochondrial oxidative damage, contributing to degenerative conditions, including diabetes, aging, and Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases.
(7) The minimal length for an effective substrate has been characterised as an octapeptide sequence derived from the amino terminal portion of angiotensinogen (residues 6----13): His-Pro-Phe-His-Leu-Val-Ile-His (Leu-Val is the scissile bond).
(8) The lipid-mobilizing activity of a synthetic peptide, NH2-Phe-Glu-Glu-Ala-Tyr-Ile-Pro-Lys-Glu-Gln-Lys-Tyr-Ser-Phe-COOH, corresponding to the 31-44 amino-acid sequence of human growth hormone, was studied.
(9) The structures of two crystal forms of Boc-Trp-Ile-Ala-Aib-Ile-Val-Aib-Leu-Aib-Pro-OMe have been determined.
(10) The alpha His58(E7) to Gly and Val62(E11) to Ala substitutions caused 80- and 3-fold increases, respectively, in k'CO for T-state alpha subunits, and the alpha Val62(E11) to Ile mutation caused a 3-fold decrease.
(11) Resonances from several amino acids including His 16, Gly 24, Ile 48, and Met 61 experience strong ring-current shifts due to their placement near the heme.
(12) The terminal sequences are: NH2-Ile-Val-Gly-Gly-Ile-Asp.....Gly-Lys-Tyr-Pro-Tyr-Gln-Val-Ser-Leu-Arg-COOH.
(13) Peptide mapping and amino acid sequence analyses have revealed that Val-406 of IgG1 carrying allotype a is substituted for Ile in the case of allotype j. X-ray crystallographic data indicate that Met-398 is in close spatial proximity to Val (Ile)-406.
(14) Site-directed mutation of codon 203 and transient expression of these cDNA in COS-7 cells indicated that Phe, Ile, Leu, and Val permit transmembrane expression, whereas Ser, Thr, Tyr, Asn, Gly, Ala, Asp and Lys enable phosphatidylinositol-glycan attachment.
(15) The N-terminal amino acid sequence of this sialidase, Ala-Asp-X-Ile-Phe-Val-Arg-Glu-Thr-Arg-Ile-Pro-, was determined.
(16) Supplementation of the low protein diet with a synthetic mixture of branched-chain AA (Val, Leu and Ile) normalized the plasma levels of these AA.
(17) They correspond to the sequence from Leu-149 to Ile-162.
(18) The N5 atom of flavin interacts with the amide NH of Ile 59 in A.
(19) Chymotrypsin cleavage of this peptide resulted in a single-labeled fragment with the sequence: Glu-Val-Ala-Asn-(Pyridoxal-P-Lys)-Val-Gly-Gly-Ile-Tyr.
(20) Both sarcosine-isoleucine-angiotensin II ([Sar, Ile]-ANG II) and atropine blocked, and nadolol increased, the effect of EFS and exogenous angiotensin II on serotonin production.
Ule
Definition:
(n.) A Mexican and Central American tree (Castilloa elastica and C. Markhamiana) related to the breadfruit tree. Its milky juice contains caoutchouc. Called also ule tree.