(n.) A glucoside obtained from woad (indigo plant) and other plants, as a yellow or light brown sirup. It has a nauseous bitter taste, a decomposes or drying. By the action of acids, ferments, etc., it breaks down into sugar and indigo. It is the source of natural indigo.
(n.) An indigo-forming substance, found in urine, and other animal fluids, and convertible into red and blue indigo (urrhodin and uroglaucin). Chemically, it is indoxyl sulphate of potash, C8H6NSO4K, and is derived from the indol formed in the alimentary canal. Called also uroxanthin.
Example Sentences:
(1) When applied as diagnostic tests for the stagnant loop syndrome, the phenol excretion showed 2 false negative results, the p-cresol excretion 3 false negative and 2 false positive results, and the indican excretion 6 false positive results.
(2) p-Cresol may therefore prove more sensitive than indican as an indicator of altered microbial metabolism due to saccharin.
(3) Intestinal protein metabolism and bile acid deconjugation (measured by urinary indican excretion and 14C-glycocholic acid breath test) was significantly enhanced in bypass patients.
(4) This diagnostic procedure was applied to the identification of patients with steatorrhoea due to the stagnant loop syndrome, and was compared with other tests for this condition, viz, study of the small intestinal bacterial flora, urinary indican excretion, and the Schilling test with added intrinsic factor.
(5) When Id and NaS were ingested together, the bladder mass increase was additive, but the epithelial hyperplasia was not exacerbated over that observed with each alone, and the urinary indican was equivalent to that produced by Id alone.
(6) Most indican excreted in the urine comes from the degradation of tryptophan through the action of microorganisms dwelling within the intestinal lumen.
(7) The colors are formed from the substrate indoxyl sulfate (indican) and all 7 patients had bacteria in the urine that would produce blue colonies on agar enriched with the urine (filter sterilized) of the patients involved.
(8) Determination of phenol and indican in a 24-hour urine sample is likely to provide a simple method for selecting patients with signs of abnormal bacterial colonization in the small intestine for more detailed investigations.
(9) A simple analytical procedure has been developed for the determination of indican and tryptophan in biological fluids by reversed-phase liquid chromatography using a new electrochemical detector consisting of a tubular anode obtained by moulding graphitized carbon black and polyethylene.
(10) The microbial catabolism of tryptophan to indole has been studied in 15 human subjects by analysis of the daily urinary excretion of indican (potassium indoxylsulphate) before, during and after chronic saccharin ingestion.
(11) Indican excretion was higher in patients with purple urinary catheter bags than in controls.
(12) By shortening the reaction time with the 2,4-DCPD reagent to 1.7 min, we find that the indican interference can be eliminated, without affecting quantification of total bilirubin in either normal or uremic sera.
(13) The excretion of indican (formed from indole, a microbial metabolite of tryptophan) was increased by saccharin in a dose-related fashion at all time points, but showed only a 3-fold increase at 7.5% compared with the 0% group.
(14) Increased excretion of indican has been noted, suggesting deficient intestinal absorption of L-tryptophan.
(15) The Jendrassik Bilirubin Reagent System (American Monitor) and a modified Jendrassik-Grof procedure (Hoffmann-LaRoche) adapted to the Cobas Bio analyzer were unaffected by the presence of indican.
(16) Treatment with pancreatic extract resulted in an immediate increase in indican excretion to above the normal range in patients with steatorrhoea due to pancreatic insufficiency.
(17) Saccharin-treated animals in both generations showed increased urinary excretion of indican.
(18) The urinary excretion of indican was increased in the fistula-operated rats, but further studies are needed to establish the significance of this observation.
(19) Indican also interfered with the Micro Bilirubin Reagent Set (Harleco) Malloy-Evelyn procedure, but to a much lesser extent.
(20) Concentrations of indican were about 1.5 those of tryptophan and considerably greater than those of indole-3-acetic acid in hemodialysate samples from 12 renal patients.
Urine
Definition:
(n.) In mammals, a fluid excretion from the kidneys; in birds and reptiles, a solid or semisolid excretion.
(v. i.) To urinate.
Example Sentences:
(1) It was tested for recovery and separation from other selenium moieties present in urine using both in vivo-labeled rat urine and human urine spiked with unlabeled TMSe.
(2) As a consequence, similar response curves were obtained for urine specimens containing morphine or barbiturates.
(3) One thing seems to be noteworthy in their opinion: the bacterial resistance of the germs isolated from the urine is bigger than the one of the germs isolated from the respiratory apparatus.
(4) This difference is probably secondary to the different rates of delivery of furosemide into urine.
(5) No associations were found between sex, body-weight, smoking habits, age, urine volume or urine pH and the O-demethylation of codeine.
(6) Finally the advanced automation of the equipment allowed weekly the evaluation of catecholamines and the whole range of their known metabolites in 36 urine samples.
(7) Zinc in plasma and urine and serum albumin and alpha 2-macroglobulin were measured in 48 patients with burns.
(8) The urine compositions of the European mole Talpa europaea and of the white rat Rattus norvegicus (albino) kept on a carnivore's diet were compared.
(9) A sensitive, selective and easy to use high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of cicletanide, a new diuretic, in plasma, red blood cells, urine and saliva is described.
(10) Investigations on the influence of the diuresis effect on the results of quantitative estrogen and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) determination revealed that the estrogen values increase with the 24-hour amount of urine.
(11) Excretion of inactive kallikrein again correlated with urine flow rate but the regression relationship between the two variables was different for water-load-induced and frusemide-induced diuresis.
(12) We recommend analysing the urine for porphyrins in HIV-positive patients who have chronic photosensitivity of the skin.
(13) Urine specimens from patient REE also contained a light chain fragment that lacked the first (amino-terminal) 85 residues of the native light chain but otherwise was identical in sequence to the light chain REE.
(14) Urine tests in six patients with other kidney diseases and with uraemia and in seven healthy persons did not show this substance.
(15) The antigenic composition of an extract of rat dust, as a source of aeroallergens for rat-sensitive individuals, has been investigated and compared to the antigenic composition of rat saliva and urine.
(16) There is a considerably larger variability of the mercury levels in urine than in blood.
(17) Metabolites of nafiverine in blood, bile, and urine were determined quantitatively.
(18) Cost-effective immunoassays for the detection of amphetamines, benzodiazepines, and methadone in urine have been developed using Syva EMIT reagents and a Cobas Bio centrifugal analyser.
(19) Sulphuric acid fluorescence is used for quantitation and specificity is achieved by the addition of tritiated oestrone to the urine hydrolysate.
(20) Their levels in urine are a useful indicator of the integrity of membrane barriers of the kidney glomerular capillary wall.