(n.) The act of hardening, or the process of growing hard.
(n.) State of being indurated, or of having become hard.
(n.) Hardness of character, manner, sensibility, etc.; obduracy; stiffness; want of pliancy or feeling.
Example Sentences:
(1) Phaso-contrast and interference microscopy investigations revealed in the damaged cells an induration of the sarcoplasmic matrix due to an increase in the dry matter concentration.
(2) The indurations from immediate and delayed hypersensitivity reactions were readily distinguishable, but the hyperthermic responses appeared to contain elements of both immediate and delayed hypersensitivity.
(3) This feature of ILC may also help explain why tumors may be palpable as areas of vague induration or thickening rather than as discrete masses.
(4) Since therapy performed by means of the moving head technique had beneficial effect on chronic prostatitis, plastic induration of the penis and the accompanying sexual potency disturbance, the method is recommended for use.
(5) Such a treatment augmented erythematous delayed reactions in animals immunized with BGG in CFA, but abolished induration at the reaction sites.
(6) While most of the clinical features--including diffuse mucosal inflammation, indurative edema, rash, and lymphadenopathy--are self-limiting, coronary artery aneurysms and the possibility of thrombotic occlusion occurs in up to 20% of children.
(7) We describe 2 patients who presented with chronic painful indurated swelling of one lower limb, thought at the time of referral to be due to chronic venous insufficiency.
(8) In the early postoperative period within an observation period from 3 to 19 months the characteristic and rather common complications in patients operated for hydrocele did not occur (hematocele, chylomas, which are mostly of ex vacuo type because of impaired blood supply and lymph system of the scrotum, abscesses, indurations of the scrotal and testicular tissues, relapses of the hydrocele, etc).
(9) Distal areas in systemic sclerosis (scleroderma), such as the dorsal skin of the hand are more frequently involved and more indurated than proximal areas.
(10) Clinical signs included lesions, indurations, and enlargement of lymph nodes.
(11) The precise basis of induration has not been established, although activation of the clotting system with consequent fibrin deposition has been clearly implicated.
(12) When IL-1 was injected intradermally into the backs of rabbits, the injection sites became indurated, erythematous, and warm to the touch after 4 hrs and annular lesions much like those of erythema chronicum migrans were seen in some animals after 24 hrs.
(13) In contrast to epicutaneous spongiotic contact dermatitis, HLA-DR was only seen on skin appendages and nearby basal keratinocytes in indurated tissue reactions with the exception of the reactions with focal basal cell layer disruption and an indurated patch test performed one week post angry back syndrome.
(14) A 52-year-old woman who had undergone an intrapleural sponge plombage operation because of tuberculosis, and had since shown an uneventful medical history for 35 years, was referred with a complaint of back skin induration over the previous surgical scar.
(15) The prevalence of tuberculous infection in a population is generally estimated from calculating the proportion of tested individuals who react with at least 10 mm of induration to 5 TU of PPD-S tuberculin.
(16) After 16 months, one of the two infected ewes suffered from indurative lymphocytic mastitis.
(17) In the guinea pigs an intradermal dose of PHA-P produced erythema and induration with a maximal response at 24 hours after the injection.
(18) Anergy, defined as no induration to any of four intradermal antigens, was present in 12%.
(19) Either the palpation method or the ball-point pen technique may be used to measure induration that results from TB skin testing.
(20) Similar, but less severe changes were seen at the site of skin tests on BCG-vaccinated subjects who were 'negative' by conventional criteria of measurement of dermal induration and they became greatly exaggerated after successful re-vaccination.
Infiltration
Definition:
(n.) The act or process of infiltrating, as if water into a porous substance, or of a fluid into the cells of an organ or part of the body.
(n.) The substance which has entered the pores or cavities of a body.
Example Sentences:
(1) Patients with papillary carcinoma with a good cell-mediated immune response occurred with much lower infiltration of the tumor boundary with lymphocyte whereas the follicular carcinoma less cell-mediated immunity was associated with dense lymphocytic infiltration, suggesting the biological relevance of lymphocytic infiltration may be different for the two histologic variants.
(2) In spite of dense lymphocytic infiltration only 3% of the tumor infiltrating lymphocytes exhibit the activation marker CD 25.
(3) The statistical T value calculated for the LP-TAE group showed that the administration of LP, the tumor size, intrahepatic metastasis, portal vein infiltration, and serum total bilirubin and alpha-fetoprotein levels significantly (P < 0.01) affected the patients' survival.
(4) Diseases of the gastric musculature, including the inflammatory and endocrine myopathies, muscular dystrophies, and infiltrative disorders, can result in significant gastroparesis.
(5) High mortality, severe destruction of pancreatic B-cells and presence of sporadic mononuclear infiltrations in islets and around excretory ducts were observed.
(6) We identified four distinct clinical patterns in the 244 patients with true positive MAI infections: (a) pulmonary nodules ("tuberculomas") indistinguishable from pulmonary neoplasms (78 patients); (b) chronic bronchitis or bronchiectasis with sputum repeatedly positive for MAI or granulomas on biopsy (58 patients, virtually all older white women); (c) cavitary lung disease and scattered pulmonary nodules mimicking M. tuberculosis infection (12 patients); (d) diffuse pulmonary infiltrations in immunocompromised hosts, primarily patients with AIDS (96 patients).
(7) The yeasts amounts used did not protect the test animals from the kidney infiltration with lipids and cholesterol; 12 g of yeasts per 100 g of the ration promoted elevation of sialic acid content in the blood plasma.
(8) Liver weight was increased by 49% due to infiltration of the liver with leukemic cells.
(9) In case of biliary and pancreatic duct obstruction with pure pancreatic reflux, both oedema and inflammatory infiltrations were evident, whereas, in the presence of biliary reflux too, more serious histological features were detected.
(10) The nature of these infiltrative foci remains uncertain; however, they are unlikely to have been of neoplastic origin and may be due to interleukin-2-induced lymphocytic infiltration.
(11) Light microscopy of both apneics and snorers revealed mucous gland hypertrophy with ductal dilation and focal squamous metaplasia, disruption of muscle bundles by infiltrating mucous glands, focal atrophy of muscle fibers, and extensive edema of the lamina propria with vascular dilation.
(12) A statistically significant association (P less than 0.01) was demonstrated between the degree of intratumoral lymphocytic infiltrate and the expression of HLA-DR and HLA-DQ antigens.
(13) In the univariate life-table analysis, recurrence-free survival was significantly related to age, pTNM category, tumour size, presence of certain growth patterns, tumour necrosis, tumour infiltration in surrounding thyroid tissue and thyroid gland capsule, lymph node metastases, presence of extra-nodal tumour growth and number of positive lymph nodes, whereas only tumour diameter, thyroid gland capsular infiltration and presence of extra-nodal tumour growth remained as significant prognostic factors in the multivariate analysis.
(14) Of the tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, T-lymphocytes (mostly CD4+ cells) prevailed over B-lymphocytes.
(15) In the area of the porta hepatis, there were many epithelial luminal structures in fibrous tissue with inflammatory infiltrates.
(16) Staplers were used and therefore the choice between resection or amputation was determined by the degree of loco-regional infiltration of the neoplasm.
(17) Cyclosporine prevented lymphoid as well as macrophage infiltration of the transplant.
(18) The data indicate that activated helper T cells are required and sufficient to give rise to the inflammatory infiltrates that are characteristic of the inflammations and exacerbations in human rheumatoid arthritis.
(19) The expanded tumor-infiltrating cells were Leu-4+ T cells, and in five of six patients the majority were Leu-3+.
(20) Furthermore, non-coordinate expression of DR and DQW1 was present in 8 out of 40 carcinomas, with the proportion of DQW1 positive epithelium always being less than that of DR. Carcinomas exhibiting non-coordinate expression were never well differentiated; there was no relationship with the extent of the inflammatory infiltrate.