What's the difference between inference and obversion?
Inference
Definition:
(n.) The act or process of inferring by deduction or induction.
(n.) That which inferred; a truth or proposition drawn from another which is admitted or supposed to be true; a conclusion; a deduction.
Example Sentences:
(1) Consensual but rationally weak criteria devised to extract inferences of causality from such results confirm the generic inadequacy of epidemiology in this area, and are unable to provide definitive scientific support to the perceived mandate for public health action.
(2) We infer from these results that endotoxin ameliorates the cyclical changes in blood cell counts by regulating hematopoietic proliferative activity at the stem cell level.
(3) The operational meaning of all the resulting theorems is that when any of them appear to be refuted experimentally, the presence of more than one parallel transport pathway (that is, of membrane heterogeneity transverse to the direction of transport) can be inferred and analyzed.
(4) The visual processes revealed in these experiments are considered in terms of inferred illumination and surface reflectances of objects in natural scenes.
(5) It is inferred that in this experimental model (1) high-density lipoproteins are probably excreted in the glomerular filtrate, (2) alterations in the composition of the excreted lipoproteins may occur during their passage through the nephron.
(6) The sequence data were used to infer phylogeny by using a maximum-parsimony method, an evolutionary-distance method, and the evolutionary-parsimony method.
(7) Hydropathic analysis of the inferred amino acid sequence of the gene product predicts that amtA encodes a cytoplasmic component of the ammonium transport system.
(8) Chemical binding studies showed that the teichoic acid was the major uranyl binding component in isolated walls, from which it might be inferred that teichoic acid was located in the densely staining regions.
(9) From the different shapes of the scattering curves of the native phosphofructokinase at pH 7.5 in the presence of 15 mM ATP and of the cross-linked tetramer or octamer, it can be inferred that the shapes of the protomers are different: in the presence of ATP the protomers are elongated, having an axial ratio of 1.8 to 2.0; the cross-linked state reveals a spherical protomer of radius 33.0 A, similar to that of the native enzyme at pH 7.5 in the presence of fructose 6-phosphate or fructose 1,6-bisphosphate.
(10) An international team led by Luciano Iess at the Sapienza University in Rome inferred the existence of the ocean after taking a series of exquisite measurements made during three fly-bys between April 2010 and May 2012, which brought the Cassini spacecraft within 100km of the surface of Enceladus.
(11) We infer an alpha 1-adrenergic effect in which norepinephrine is released by ethanol.
(12) Where Brooks was concerned on the hacking charge, there was very little extra evidence to add to that platform of inference.
(13) We therefore infer the existence of separate fiber type-specific and positionally graded transcriptional regulators that act together to determine levels of transgene expression.
(14) The therapeutical inferences of these observations are discussed.
(15) We infer that a 5' cap is present on both of these RNAs and conclude that the mini-exon-derived RNA donates its 5' cap along with the mini-exon sequence to the pre-mRNA.
(16) Tonic sympathetic neural control of heart rate was inferred from bradycardia after treatment with the adrenergic neuron-blocking agent, bretylium tosylate.
(17) Two consequences of these conditions are (1) patient classification into syndrome types (e.g., phonological dysgraphia, agrammatism, and so forth) can play no useful role in research concerned with issues about the structure of normal cognitive functioning or its dissolution under conditions of brain damage; and (2) only single-patient studies allow valid inferences about the structure of cognitive mechanisms from the analysis of impaired performance.
(18) Results are discussed and inferences for better care, particularly of the mentally ill residents, are indicated.
(19) By way of conclusion, from our observations we may infer that neither age, nor sex nor location, save in the case of patients under the age of 40, have prognostic value in the evolution of the primary tumor, which will be noticeably better (lower percentage of relapses and longer illness-free period) in patients with a single tumor of low grade and state, and in general in patients receiving intravesical prophylactic chemotherapy treatment, and no difference is found between thio-tepa and adriamycin.
(20) Awareness of making dispositional inferences was only weakly correlated with disposition-cued recall.
Obversion
Definition:
(n.) The act of turning toward or downward.
(n.) The act of immediate inference, by which we deny the opposite of anything which has been affirmed; as, all men are mortal; then, by obversion, no men are immortal. This is also described as "immediate inference by privative conception."
Example Sentences:
(1) After a brief survey of applications of video in psychiatry, the author describes the original methodology elaborated by the French-speaking section of the AMDP under the direction of the Liège team: semi-structured interview, combination of a "clinical" analysis of the reasons for a poor interrater-reliability (through one or several "observers" of the discussions which follow a projection) and of a multivariate statistical analysis adapted to single cases (through a modification of the obverse factor analysis or Q-technique), "consensus" item scores and final "reference" rating of a patient.
(2) Testable inferences from this hypothesis are proposed, including the suggestion that clinically and neurophysiologically, schizophrenia and psychosomatic disorders are the obverse of one another.
(3) The enzyme is very thermostable; about 90% of activity remains after being heated at 70 degrees C for 10 min, and no effect of Ca-2's obversed.
(4) The only listing for a piece of paper reads: “1-white piece of paper with BREEZO & tel#329-4789 and unreadable printing on the obverse side.” When contacted by the Guardian, Boyd’s cousin Joe Kelly recalled the slip of paper with the FedEx stamp.
(5) We sought to verify whether the obverse was true, i.e.
(6) This was the obverse of the expected results if ATP4- were to be the sole form of ATP to effect channel closure.
(7) Because it is possible to argue that energetic dirt-digging is the obverse side of the uncovering of genuine scandals."
(8) Middle-class Swedes have more money and more choice than they used to have, yet the obverse of their greater choice is that others in Sweden have less in the way of life chances than before.
(9) Identification of participating genes and clarification of their mechanisms of action will help to elucidate the universal cellular decline of biological aging and an important obverse manifestation, the rare escape of cells from senescence leading to immortalization and oncogenesis.
(10) The obverse of these we called the hyporeactive immunologically deficient disorders resulting from defects of the cell or serum components of the immunological reactions, of which many examples have also been found.
(11) Where there was disagreement, combination of postiive inhalation test and a negative RAST was much more frequent (33.6%) than in the obverse (3%).
(12) Twenty-four male and female deaf and hearing adolescents learned lists of paired associates that were either high visual and low auditory imagery words or the obverse.
(13) The results are consistent with release rate of the drug from microspheres (obversely, rate of drug delivery to the tumour), being a determinant of potency in these systems.
(14) His Calvinist imagination, quick to conjure doom, and possibly the looming shadow of debt that would end in his expulsion from the paradise garden at Concord, provoked Hawthorne to create something very like its obverse: namely a garden of death.
(15) Thus these judgments are not equivalent obverse aspects of a unitary judgmental process.
(16) Reasons given for opposing blind review included the following: blinding not possible, identification will not influence judgment, and its obverse, identification assists judgment.
(17) A recent alternative asks the obverse; given a mass of tissue that may be developed and maintained at a particular cost, what predictions do physical principles permit about its placement.
(18) The synthesis of mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells has been examined during conjugation, in preconjugal conditions, and in control cultures that were not exposed to obverse diffusible sex factors.
(19) If you are continually rewarded for bad behaviour you will probably continue to do it but if the obverse is true you might consider changing behaviour.