(n.) The act of clasping, or fastening, as with a buckle or padlock.
(n.) The act of attaching a ring, clasp, or frame, to the genital organs in such a manner as to prevent copulation.
Example Sentences:
(1) During childbirth infibulation causes a variety of serious problems includind prolonged labor and obstructed delivery, with increased risk of fetal brain damage and fetal loss.
(2) The defibulation operation can cause heavy bleeding and infections, especially genital infections, which can multiply quickly and unnoticed in the tissues created by the infibulation.
(3) A women who has been infibulated suffers great difficulty and pain during sexual intercourse, which can be excruciating if a neuroma has formed at the point of section of the dorsal nerve of the clitoris.
(4) Just one surgeon in Britain, Dr Kamal Iskander , based at Northwick Park Hospital in Middlesex, is known to perform the occasional clitoroplasty on a patient but, he explains, only if he's already operating on them for more extensive post-FGM problems, such as chronic pain or infibulation.
(5) We saw three women born in the Horn of Africa in whom the residual state of infibulation could be observed.
(6) Cases have been reported in which infibulated unmarried girls have developed swollen bellies, owing to obstruction of the menstrual flow.
(7) Type 3: Infibulation Infibulation, a form of female genital mutilation.
(8) Men pay for their daughters' infibulation, retain the right to dispose of them in marriage, honour their wives after childbirth, and claim children of the union for their patriline.
(9) The Female Genital Mutilation Act 2003 repealed and replaced the 1985 act in England, Wales and Northern Ireland making it an offence if a person excises, infibulates or otherwise mutilates the whole or any part of a girl or woman's labia majora, labia minora or clitoris.
(10) They included "the massacre of people solely for reasons of their religious adherence"; "the execrable practice[s] of decapitation, crucifixion and hanging of corpses in public places"; "the choice imposed on Christians and Yazidis between conversion to Islam, payment of a tax (jizya) and exodus"; "the forced expulsion of tens of thousands of people, including children, old people, pregnant women and the sick"; "the abduction of women and girls belonging to the Yazidi and Christian communities as war booty (sabaya)", and "the imposition of the barbaric practice of infibulation".
(11) And, luckily, she has not suffered the infibulation ritual that stitches the vagina partially shut.
(12) In order to improve women's health and status, the international health organisations can use their influence to replace mutilating excision and infibulation by a minor ritual incision.
(13) Under section 1(1) of the Female Genital Mutilation Act (2003) a person is guilty of an offence if he excises, infibulates or otherwise mutilates the whole or any part of a girl or woman's labia majora, labia minora or clitoris.
(14) However, it is women who actually practice infibulation and who keep firmly within their hands all the ritual surrounding vital stages of their life cycle.
(15) Eighty-eight percent of them had been circumcised with excision and infibulation, 6.5% were circumcised with clitoridectomy and the remaining 5.5% with Sunna.
(16) Factors thought to influence this sexual transmission include (1) promiscuity, with a high prevalence of sexually transmitted disease; (2) sexual practices that have been associated with increased risk of transmission of AIDS virus (homosexuality and anal intercourse); and (3) cultural practices that are possibly connected with increased virus transmission (female "circumcision" and infibulation).
(17) Specific factors thought to influence AIDS transmission in Africa include: promiscuity, with a high prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases; sexual practices that have been associated with increased risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) such as homosexuality and anal intercourse; and cultural practices, including female circumcision and infibulation.
(18) 88% underwent excision and infibulation, 6.5% clitoridectomy, and 5.5% a Sunna procedure involving excision of the prepuce of the clitoris.
(19) 88% had been circumcised with excision and infibulation.
(20) Infibulation is the commonest type of circumcision used (75.7%).
Labia
Definition:
(n. pl.) See Labium.
(pl. ) of Labium
Example Sentences:
(1) The labia minora as a pedicle graft avoids the problems encountered by conventional methods.
(2) The findings corroborated again the rare occurrence of meissner's endings in the labia minora in woman.
(3) FGM is a horrendous practice; the most severe form involves cutting off a girl's clitoris and labia and suturing the remaining tissue together, leaving a small hole for the passage of urine and menstrual blood.
(4) The oedema of the Scrotum, or the swelling of the Labia majora, could be the first sign of an intraabdominal inflammation.
(5) If you have a type 3 FGM then the clitoris and labia are sliced off.
(6) In labia majora skin, irritant dermatitis developed in 50% of the women as determined by visual scoring; however, because of the pigmentation, visual scoring readings were less reliable in labia majora skin.
(7) The majority of patients with pseudo-condyloma were symptomless but with harbor roe-like warty papulae distributed symmetrically on both labia minora.
(8) The flaps are raised bilaterally in the groin crease just lateral to the labia majora and then are transposed toward the midline and sutured together to form a skin-lined cul-de-sac which opens at the introitus.
(9) The sensory component of the iloinguinal nerve normally courses through the inguinal canal and supplies the upper thigh, pubis, inguinal crease, and the anterior and lateral aspect of the scrotum or labia majora.
(10) The next category contains entities that have an abnormal appearance: ambiguous genitalia, periurethral cysts of the newborn, hymenal variants, and agglutination of the labia and vulva.
(11) In each case the diagnosis was made because of characteristic pain localized to the medial groin, mons, labia majora, and inner thigh.
(12) Then, they review the different extensive procedures used to ensure this result: small bowel graft, omentopexy to reinforce the suture lines, fibroadipose tissue from the labia majora (Martius' operation).
(13) When Norrköpings Tidningar reported that every single girl in a school class of 30 had turned out to be circumcised – with 28 of them having their clitorises and labia cut away and their vaginas sewn almost shut – it was picked up by the media across the world, including by UK broadsheets.
(14) Fourteen women (13.7%) had S. aureus in one or more samples: 10.7% labia, 3.9% introitus and 3.9% vaginal.
(15) Four had an ominous black spot on the scrotum or posterior labia.
(16) The phallic skin was used to create the labia minora and the anterior vaginal wall.
(17) The microbial flora of the labia majora is characterized by a high density of microorganisms, as is typical for occluded areas of the body, by the presence of organisms common for intertriginous skin such as gram-negative rods, and by the carriage of organisms unique for the vulva and probably related to urethral and vaginal flora such as the nonpathogenic neisseria, lactobacilli, and Gardnerella vaginalis.
(18) A personal case was recently studied by the authors in some detail: A 51-year-old individual reared as a female with primary amenorrhea, short stature, subnormal intelligence, male type habitus, hirsutism, moderate breast development, ambiguous external genitalia with a 5 x 2 cm phallus, labia majora with scrotal type skin, and a urogenital sinus.
(19) I find myself wondering how far I should go to say that FGM is the slicing off on a conscious young girl with no anaesthetic of her clitoris and labia... “This is a quibble about a couple of stitches and it is a complete distraction.” Mr Justice Sweeney, in summing up to the jury on Wednesday, said everyone accepted Dharmasena had saved the life of the woman’s baby in an emergency delivery on 24 November, 2012.
(20) Clinically, multiple papules or solitary papules or plaques were situated on the labia majora or adjacent skin.