(a.) Destitute of a backbone; having no vertebrae; of or pertaining to the Invertebrata.
(n.) One of the Invertebrata.
Example Sentences:
(1) The results suggest that normal development of some invertebrate neural pathways may be more dependent on experience during ontogeny than has previously been assumed.
(2) This result is in contrast to most other animals (ranging from invertebrates to mammals), in which sperm are generally motile for at least several hours.
(3) This invertebrate precipitin, Tridacnin, may be used as a marker for nearly two thirds of all asialo serum glycoproteins; A number of different cross-reactions with various other polysaccharides and galactans subdivides those neuraminidase-treated glycoproteins into several subgroups, indicating that the uncovered carbohydrate structures are not always completely identical.
(4) We compared the molecular nature of the rat brain opiate receptor with that of the invertebrate leech, Haemopis marmorata, and the protozoan, Tetrahymena, in order to examine the issue of apparent receptor heterogeneity with respect to biochemical structure.
(5) The ruthenium red method was also used on a number of marine invertebrate embryos and larvae, representing different phyla, to facilitate comparisons between their surface coats.
(6) Using an SDS gel electrophoresis method, connectin, very high molecular weight (approximately 10(6) dalton) protein, was detected in an SDS extract of whole tissues of various types of muscles of vertebrates and invertebrates.
(7) Thirty-five antisera to 20 vertebrate regulatory peptides and 1 invertebrate peptide (FMRFamide) were used to screen the worm for neuropeptide IR.
(8) Purification procedures that appear to be generally applicable to invertebrate MTs have only recently been developed and are described here.
(9) The over-all response of duck erythrocytes is considered as an example of "isosmotic intracellular regulation," a term used to describe a form of volume regulation common to euryhaline invertebrates which is achieved by adjusting the number of effective intracellular osmotic particles.
(10) The body wall muscle and the blood vessel muscle are compared with other muscle types described in invertebrates.
(11) Although neither protein bound to heparin, gelatin, hexosamine, or uronic acid-Sepharose resins, their affinity for an invertebrate proteoglycan, their roles in sponge cell adhesion, and their peripheral membrane protein natures suggest that they may represent early invertebrate analogs of cell-associated vertebrate extracellular matrix adhesion proteins, such as fibronectin or vitronectin, or else an entirely novel set of cell adhesion molecules.
(12) In organisms as diverse as bacteria, plants, invertebrates, and vertebrates, synthesis of these proteins is directly correlated with the acquisition of thermotolerance.
(13) Invertebrate systems have proved to be quite useful for the development of an understanding of some processes in the central nervous system (CNS).
(14) The amino acid composition of the ABRM calmodulin closely resembled that of other invertebrate calmodulins.
(15) Current thinking on fixed behaviors in invertebrates holds that they are generated by specialized neural circuits in the brain.
(16) In view of reports that the nerve fibers of the sea prawn conduct impulses more rapidly than other invertebrate nerves and look like myelinated vertebrate nerves in the light microscope, prawn nerve fibers were studied with the electron microscope.
(17) To test the hypothesis that inositol trisphosphate (InsP3) mediates adaptation and excitation in invertebrate photoreceptors, we measured its formation on a rapid time scale in squid retinas.
(18) The cellular and circuit properties of individual identified neurons in invertebrates can be readily studied; hence it is possible to determine how the complex properties of nerve cells function in the generation of behavior.
(19) These processes may be conserved in a wide range of invertebrates and vertebrates.
(20) The action of ocular screening pigments of vertebrates (melanins) as well as those of invertebrates (ommochromes) on lipid peroxidation has been studied.
Neurula
Definition:
(n.) An embryo or certain invertebrates in the stage when the primitive band is first developed.
Example Sentences:
(1) Results obtained from cumulative labeling and pulse-labeling and chase experiments with cells from late gastrulae, yolk plug-stage embryos, and neurulae showed that the 30S RNA is an intermediate in rRNA processing and is derived from 40S pre-rRNA and processed to 28S rRNA.
(2) Plakoglobin is present in the fertilized egg, increases in abundance by neurula stage, then declines at the tailbud and tadpole stages.
(3) Whole-mount in situ hybridization demonstrates that XFGFR-2 mRNA is localized to the anterior neural plate in early neurula stage embryos.
(4) We have found that competence of the ectoderm to respond to induction is lost at the same early neurula stage for all three marker genes.
(5) In Xenopus neurula cells, "30S" RNA was found to be labeled with 3H-uridine after a relatively short labeling period.
(6) GAD activity was undetectable at the early gastrula stage (stage 8a) and was slightly measurable at the early neurula stage (stage 14- onset of the culture).
(7) During ascidian embryogenesis a tissue-specific enzyme, muscle acetylcholinesterase (AChE) may first be detected histochemically in the presumptive muscle cells of the neurula.
(8) In neurula nuclei, the proportion rises from about one-half to three-quarters.
(9) Yolky tissue from the vegetal hemisphere of the gastrula or the archenteron floor of the neurula synthesized mainly polydisperse material of high molecular weight rather than discrete glycoproteins.
(10) Maximum values were found in the late gastrula after embryonic induction, and in the late neurula with the formation of the neural tube.
(11) We have isolated the Xenopus homolog (Xint-1) of the mouse protooncogene int-1 from a neurula stage 17 cDNA library.
(12) Furthermore, mRNA sequences found on larval polysomes, but not on neurula polysomes, are found in the neurula nuclei.
(13) XLPOU91 transcription initiates at the midblastula transition, and declines to low levels by late neurula stages.
(14) Anteroposterior polarity of lateral mesoderm is thus perfectly determined in young neurula.
(15) At the end of neurula stage the blood circulation starts in two-day old embryo with 16 somites.
(16) Previous studies using urodele embryos have shown that the heart mesoderm is induced by the prospective pharyngeal endoderm during neurula and postneurula stages.
(17) Presumptive somites were extirpated from mid-neurula, the stage when they have already attained certain degree of determination.
(18) ); on the contrary, all mRNAs decreased abruptly after fertilization within a few hours (by a factor of 5-10), remained at a very low level up to the late neurula stages and increased again during organogenesis.
(19) At beginning of neurula stage, when also somites appear, the cardiogenic mesoderm forms into tissue of epithelial type and cardiac plate is developed in wall of pleuroperitoneal cavity.
(20) Various embryonic areas liable to take part in the mouth's formation are extirpated from neurulae of Pleurodeles at stages 15 and 18 and tested either separately or in association with others.