What's the difference between invertebrate and shell?

Invertebrate


Definition:

  • (a.) Destitute of a backbone; having no vertebrae; of or pertaining to the Invertebrata.
  • (n.) One of the Invertebrata.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) The results suggest that normal development of some invertebrate neural pathways may be more dependent on experience during ontogeny than has previously been assumed.
  • (2) This result is in contrast to most other animals (ranging from invertebrates to mammals), in which sperm are generally motile for at least several hours.
  • (3) This invertebrate precipitin, Tridacnin, may be used as a marker for nearly two thirds of all asialo serum glycoproteins; A number of different cross-reactions with various other polysaccharides and galactans subdivides those neuraminidase-treated glycoproteins into several subgroups, indicating that the uncovered carbohydrate structures are not always completely identical.
  • (4) We compared the molecular nature of the rat brain opiate receptor with that of the invertebrate leech, Haemopis marmorata, and the protozoan, Tetrahymena, in order to examine the issue of apparent receptor heterogeneity with respect to biochemical structure.
  • (5) The ruthenium red method was also used on a number of marine invertebrate embryos and larvae, representing different phyla, to facilitate comparisons between their surface coats.
  • (6) Using an SDS gel electrophoresis method, connectin, very high molecular weight (approximately 10(6) dalton) protein, was detected in an SDS extract of whole tissues of various types of muscles of vertebrates and invertebrates.
  • (7) Thirty-five antisera to 20 vertebrate regulatory peptides and 1 invertebrate peptide (FMRFamide) were used to screen the worm for neuropeptide IR.
  • (8) Purification procedures that appear to be generally applicable to invertebrate MTs have only recently been developed and are described here.
  • (9) The over-all response of duck erythrocytes is considered as an example of "isosmotic intracellular regulation," a term used to describe a form of volume regulation common to euryhaline invertebrates which is achieved by adjusting the number of effective intracellular osmotic particles.
  • (10) The body wall muscle and the blood vessel muscle are compared with other muscle types described in invertebrates.
  • (11) Although neither protein bound to heparin, gelatin, hexosamine, or uronic acid-Sepharose resins, their affinity for an invertebrate proteoglycan, their roles in sponge cell adhesion, and their peripheral membrane protein natures suggest that they may represent early invertebrate analogs of cell-associated vertebrate extracellular matrix adhesion proteins, such as fibronectin or vitronectin, or else an entirely novel set of cell adhesion molecules.
  • (12) In organisms as diverse as bacteria, plants, invertebrates, and vertebrates, synthesis of these proteins is directly correlated with the acquisition of thermotolerance.
  • (13) Invertebrate systems have proved to be quite useful for the development of an understanding of some processes in the central nervous system (CNS).
  • (14) The amino acid composition of the ABRM calmodulin closely resembled that of other invertebrate calmodulins.
  • (15) Current thinking on fixed behaviors in invertebrates holds that they are generated by specialized neural circuits in the brain.
  • (16) In view of reports that the nerve fibers of the sea prawn conduct impulses more rapidly than other invertebrate nerves and look like myelinated vertebrate nerves in the light microscope, prawn nerve fibers were studied with the electron microscope.
  • (17) To test the hypothesis that inositol trisphosphate (InsP3) mediates adaptation and excitation in invertebrate photoreceptors, we measured its formation on a rapid time scale in squid retinas.
  • (18) The cellular and circuit properties of individual identified neurons in invertebrates can be readily studied; hence it is possible to determine how the complex properties of nerve cells function in the generation of behavior.
  • (19) These processes may be conserved in a wide range of invertebrates and vertebrates.
  • (20) The action of ocular screening pigments of vertebrates (melanins) as well as those of invertebrates (ommochromes) on lipid peroxidation has been studied.

Shell


Definition:

  • (n.) A hard outside covering, as of a fruit or an animal.
  • (n.) The covering, or outside part, of a nut; as, a hazelnut shell.
  • (n.) A pod.
  • (n.) The hard covering of an egg.
  • (n.) The hard calcareous or chitinous external covering of mollusks, crustaceans, and some other invertebrates. In some mollusks, as the cuttlefishes, it is internal, or concealed by the mantle. Also, the hard covering of some vertebrates, as the armadillo, the tortoise, and the like.
  • (n.) Hence, by extension, any mollusks having such a covering.
  • (n.) A hollow projectile, of various shapes, adapted for a mortar or a cannon, and containing an explosive substance, ignited with a fuse or by percussion, by means of which the projectile is burst and its fragments scattered. See Bomb.
  • (n.) The case which holds the powder, or charge of powder and shot, used with breechloading small arms.
  • (n.) Any slight hollow structure; a framework, or exterior structure, regarded as not complete or filled in; as, the shell of a house.
  • (n.) A coarse kind of coffin; also, a thin interior coffin inclosed in a more substantial one.
  • (n.) An instrument of music, as a lyre, -- the first lyre having been made, it is said, by drawing strings over a tortoise shell.
  • (n.) An engraved copper roller used in print works.
  • (n.) The husks of cacao seeds, a decoction of which is often used as a substitute for chocolate, cocoa, etc.
  • (n.) The outer frame or case of a block within which the sheaves revolve.
  • (n.) A light boat the frame of which is covered with thin wood or with paper; as, a racing shell.
  • (v. t.) To strip or break off the shell of; to take out of the shell, pod, etc.; as, to shell nuts or pease; to shell oysters.
  • (v. t.) To separate the kernels of (an ear of Indian corn, wheat, oats, etc.) from the cob, ear, or husk.
  • (v. t.) To throw shells or bombs upon or into; to bombard; as, to shell a town.
  • (v. i.) To fall off, as a shell, crust, etc.
  • (v. i.) To cast the shell, or exterior covering; to fall out of the pod or husk; as, nuts shell in falling.
  • (v. i.) To be disengaged from the ear or husk; as, wheat or rye shells in reaping.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) However, empty shells can also form independently of intact virions.
  • (2) The spikes likely correspond to VP3, a hemagglutinin, while the rest of the mass density in the outer shell represents 780 molecules of VP7, a neutralization antigen.
  • (3) Lead levels in contents and shells of eggs laid by hens dosed with all-lead shot were about twice those in eggs laid by hens dosed with lead-iron shot.
  • (4) We recommend the shell vial technique for isolation of C. burnetii.
  • (5) A significant proportion of the soluble protein of the organic matrix of mollusk shells is composed of a repeating sequence of aspartic acid separated by either glycine or serine.
  • (6) Viral particles in the cultures and the brain were of various sizes and shapes; particles ranged from 70 to over 160 nm in diameter, with a variable position of dense nucleoids and less dense core shells.
  • (7) But we sent out reconnoitres in the morning; we send out a team in advance and they get halfway down the road, maybe a quarter of the way down the road, sometimes three-quarters of the way down the road – we tried this three days in a row – and then the shelling starts and while I can’t point the finger at who starts the shelling, we get the absolute assurances from the Ukraine government that it’s not them.” Flags on all Australian government buildings will be flown at half-mast on Thursday, and an interdenominational memorial service will be held at St Patrick’s cathedral in Melbourne from 10.30am.
  • (8) Unless you are part of some Unite-esque scheme to join up as part of a grand revolutionary plan, why would you bother shelling out for a membership card?
  • (9) Serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase were considerably elevated in shell-less embryos.
  • (10) The cultivation of embryos in shell-less culture did not affect the normal macroscopic or histological appearance of the membrane, or the rate of proliferation of its constituent cells, as assessed by tritiated thymidine incorporation.
  • (11) Another friend’s sisters told me that the government building where all the students’ records are stored is in an area where there is frequent shelling and air strikes.
  • (12) Shell casings littered the main road, tear gas hung in the air and security forces beat local residents.
  • (13) Carmon Creek is wholly owned by Shell, which said it expected the decision to cost $2bn in its third-quarter results due to impairment, contract provision, redundancy and restructuring charges.
  • (14) A technique for efficient cytochalasin-induced enucleation was used to prepare "karyoplasts"--nuclei surrounded by a thin shell of cytoplasm and an outer cell membrane.
  • (15) The difficulty has been increased with the recent Supreme Court decision which it ruled the Alien Tort Claims Act does not apply outside of the country and dismissed a case against Royal Dutch Shell.
  • (16) We developed a shell vial cell culture assay (SVA) using a cross-reactive monoclonal antibody to the T antigen of simian virus 40 to detect BKV rapidly by indirect immunofluorescence.
  • (17) On second impacts, the GSI rose considerably because the shell and liner of the DH-151 cracked and the suspension of the "141" stretched during the first blow.
  • (18) This coincided with increases in shell thickness and shell porosity as power functions of uterine time.
  • (19) The apoferritin shell is known to assemble spontaneously from its subunits obtained at acid pH upon neutralization.
  • (20) Whereas psammomatous bodies are located within tubules in compressed residual testicular tissue arranged in a shell-like zone around the tumor mass, dystrophic calcifications and bone and cartilage tissues are identified inside the tumor.