What's the difference between involuntary and volunteer?

Involuntary


Definition:

  • (a.) Not having will or the power of choice.
  • (a.) Not under the influence or control of the will; not voluntary; as, the involuntary movements of the body; involuntary muscle fibers.
  • (a.) Not proceeding from choice; done unwillingly; reluctant; compulsory; as, involuntary submission.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Aggressive behavior during acute involuntary admission was related to ratings on the Brief Psychopathological Rating Scale, age, sex and global assessment in 38 patients.
  • (2) 93% (non-smokers 99%, smokers 84%) felt that involuntary smoking should be restricted in the workplace and 99% (non-smokers 99%, smokers 97%) felt that it should be restricted in the canteens.
  • (3) Hemimasticatory spasm is a rare disorder of the trigeminal nerve that produces involuntary jaw closure due to paroxysmal unilateral contraction of jaw-closing muscles.
  • (4) and involuntary fetal wastage, HLA-A, B compatibility between husband and wife was studied in a group of 77 couples with known obstetric histories.
  • (5) Urodynamic study of the ileal neobladder showed a low pressure (mean 15.3 cm water) and no involuntary pressure spikes in the neobladder.
  • (6) About 15% of patients fail to respond to initial antibiotic therapy, 20% experience recurrences, 20% develop involuntary infertility, and 8% of post-PID patients who conceive have an ectopic pregnancy.
  • (7) Idiopathic torsion dystonia (ITD) is characterized by sustained, involuntary muscle contractions, frequently causing twisting and repetitive movements or abnormal postures.
  • (8) "Enuresis risoria" or "giggle incontinence" is a particular condition characterized by a sudden, involuntary, uncontrollable and complete emptying of the bladder during giggling or hearty laughter.
  • (9) Phenytoin-induced involuntary movements have not been described previously in a case with such a small parasaggital tumour treated with phenytoin at a serum concentration of therapeutic range.
  • (10) Tremor refers to an involuntary, rhythmic, oscillatory movement of a body part.
  • (11) Although little change in either mental status or involuntary movements was observed within the 3 weeks following the withdrawal of haloperidol, marked deterioration in mental status and involuntary movements occurred within 1 week of withdrawal of clozapine.
  • (12) The occurrence of this and related syndromes suggests that inherited, slowly progressive myoclonus, chorea, and dystonia, alone or in combination, should be viewed as a spectrum of hyperkinetic involuntary movements, and that each motor component may represent variable expression of the same genetic defect.
  • (13) Muscle atrophy, involuntary movements or associated movements in the facial muscles on the side of the anastomosis, which are frequent during spontaneous regeneration, were never observed.
  • (14) The level of involuntary dehydration is approximately proportional to the degree of total stress imposed on the body.
  • (15) In the elderly, there are two main types of abnormal involuntary movements: tremors on one hand and dyskinesias on the other.
  • (16) This paper describes this unexpected, involuntary intervention in patient care in the Department of Geriatric Medicine.
  • (17) The first case was a premature female infant who developed involuntary twist movements of the left arm, persistent plantar flexion and eversion of the left foot at age of 7 months.
  • (18) The pharmacokinetics of tetrabenazine and a metabolite, hydroxytetrabenazine, have been investigated in seven patients being treated for involuntary movement disorders.
  • (19) This involuntary muscle activity was attributed to fusimotor and postural reflexes.
  • (20) Tardive dyskinesia is a potentially irreversible syndrome of involuntary hyperkinetic movements that occur in predisposed persons receiving extended neuroleptic (antipsychotic) drug therapy.

Volunteer


Definition:

  • (a.) One who enters into, or offers for, any service of his own free will.
  • (a.) One who enters into service voluntarily, but who, when in service, is subject to discipline and regulations like other soldiers; -- opposed to conscript; specifically, a voluntary member of the organized militia of a country as distinguished from the standing army.
  • (a.) A grantee in a voluntary conveyance; one to whom a conveyance is made without valuable consideration; a party, other than a wife or child of the grantor, to whom, or for whose benefit, a voluntary conveyance is made.
  • (a.) Of or pertaining to a volunteer or volunteers; consisting of volunteers; voluntary; as, volunteer companies; volunteer advice.
  • (v. t.) To offer or bestow voluntarily, or without solicitation or compulsion; as, to volunteer one's services.
  • (v. i.) To enter into, or offer for, any service of one's own free will, without solicitation or compulsion; as, he volunteered in that undertaking.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Theophylline kinetics, as an in vivo probe for the potentially toxic cytochrome P-450I pathway of drug metabolism, were studied in 11 healthy volunteers and 11 patients with calcific chronic pancreatitis at Madras, South India.
  • (2) The adaptive filter processor was tested for retrospective identification of artifacts in 20 male volunteers who performed the following specific movements between epochs of quiet, supine breathing: raising arms and legs (slowly, quickly, once, and several times), sitting up, breathing deeply and rapidly, and rolling from a supine to a lateral decubitus position.
  • (3) 1 The effects of chronic ethanol intake on the elimination kinetics of antipyrine were determined in nineteen male alcoholic subjects with comparison made to fourteen male volunteers.
  • (4) They also demonstrate the viability of a family support service which relies on inmate leadership, community volunteer participation, and institutional support.
  • (5) Twenty volunteers were used for the measurement of pedal pressures for 15 trials during three separate sessions.
  • (6) Total body dose of 2,4-D was determined in 10 volunteers following exposure to sprayed turf 1 hour following application and in 10 volunteers exposed 24 hours following application.
  • (7) Under a revised deal most people are now being vetted on time, but charges for the service have had to rise from £12 and free vetting for volunteers, to £28 for a standard disclosure and £33 for an advanced disclosure.
  • (8) It has 200 volunteers each week to serve 38,000 individuals.
  • (9) Our campaign has been going for some time and each step in our progress has been hard won, by campaigners paid and volunteer alike.
  • (10) The viruses shed by the volunteers were indistinguishable from those with which they were inoculated.
  • (11) Five normovolemic patients undergoing cardiac catheterization for atypical chest pain syndrome volunteered for this study.
  • (12) In a second set of test sessions, volunteers chewed sugarless gum for 10 minutes, starting 15 minutes after they ate the snack food.
  • (13) A cross-over study (cimetidine, 1 g daily for 19 days; ranitidine, 300 mg daily for 19 days; wash-out period: 20 days) was carried out in six healthy volunteers.
  • (14) 18 patients with typical sporadic Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) were investigated by the Motor Accuracy and Speed Test (MAST) and 18 healthy age- and-sex-matched volunteers, acted as controls.
  • (15) DL 071 IT, a new potent non-selective beta-adrenergic blocking drug with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity and weak membrane stabilizing activity, was evaluated alone and in comparison with oxprenolol, in six volunteers, at rest and during an exercise test.
  • (16) Patch and photopatch tests with fibric acid derivatives and ketoprofen were performed in the patients, in 12 normal volunteers, and in 7 patients with photopatch-proven photocontact dermatitis to ketoprofen.
  • (17) Studies were undertaken in volunteers to determine whether living adenovirus type 21 (ADV-21) vaccine could be safely administered orally to susceptible young adults.
  • (18) Therefore, we tested the ability of ultrasound imaging to identify noninvasively the stomach contents of laboring and nonlaboring pregnant volunteers.
  • (19) Second, 6 healthy volunteers were studied while eating a constant diet of 20 g of fiber plus 30 radiopaque markers daily so that mean daily transit time could be measured.
  • (20) Chloroquine administration shortened the time taken to reach peak plasma paracetamol concentration (tmax) in five of the volunteers.