(n.) The most common and most useful metallic element, being of almost universal occurrence, usually in the form of an oxide (as hematite, magnetite, etc.), or a hydrous oxide (as limonite, turgite, etc.). It is reduced on an enormous scale in three principal forms; viz., cast iron, steel, and wrought iron. Iron usually appears dark brown, from oxidation or impurity, but when pure, or on a fresh surface, is a gray or white metal. It is easily oxidized (rusted) by moisture, and is attacked by many corrosive agents. Symbol Fe (Latin Ferrum). Atomic weight 55.9. Specific gravity, pure iron, 7.86; cast iron, 7.1. In magnetic properties, it is superior to all other substances.
(n.) An instrument or utensil made of iron; -- chiefly in composition; as, a flatiron, a smoothing iron, etc.
(n.) Fetters; chains; handcuffs; manacles.
(n.) Strength; power; firmness; inflexibility; as, to rule with a rod of iron.
(n.) Of, or made of iron; consisting of iron; as, an iron bar, dust.
(n.) Resembling iron in color; as, iron blackness.
(n.) Like iron in hardness, strength, impenetrability, power of endurance, insensibility, etc.;
(n.) Rude; hard; harsh; severe.
(n.) Firm; robust; enduring; as, an iron constitution.
(n.) Inflexible; unrelenting; as, an iron will.
(n.) Not to be broken; holding or binding fast; tenacious.
(v. t.) To smooth with an instrument of iron; especially, to smooth, as cloth, with a heated flatiron; -- sometimes used with out.
(v. t.) To shackle with irons; to fetter or handcuff.
(v. t.) To furnish or arm with iron; as, to iron a wagon.
Example Sentences:
(1) The hypothesis that proteins are critical targets in free radical mediated cytolysis was tested using U937 mononuclear phagocytes as targets and iron together with hydrogen peroxide to generate radicals.
(2) The most successful dyes were phenocyanin TC, gallein, fluorone black, alizarin cyanin BB and alizarin blue S. Celestin blue B with an iron mordant is quite successful if properly handled to prevent gelling of solutions.
(3) These membrane perturbation effects not observed with bleomycin-iron in the presence of a hydroxyl radical scavenger, dimethyl thiourea, or a chelating agent, desferrioxamine, were correlated with the ability of the complex to generate highly reactive oxygen species.
(4) The specific activities of extracts from cells grown under phototrophic and aerobic conditions were similar and not affected by the concentration of iron in the growth media.
(5) In the 153 women to whom iron supplements were given during pregnancy, the initial fall in haemoglobin concentration was less, was arrested by 28 weeks gestation and then rose to a level equivalent to the booking level.
(6) Typically the iron-iron axis (gz) of the binuclear iron-sulfur clusters is in the membrane plane.
(7) Increased iron levels in basal ganglia were generally associated with normal or elevated levels of ferritin immunoreactivity, for example, the substantia nigra in PSP and possibly MSA, and in putamen in MSA.
(8) Lead levels in contents and shells of eggs laid by hens dosed with all-lead shot were about twice those in eggs laid by hens dosed with lead-iron shot.
(9) Dietary factors affect intestinal P450s markedly--iron restriction rapidly decreased intestinal P450 to beneath detectable values; selenium deficiency acted similarly but was less effective; Brussels sprouts increased intestinal AHH activity 9.8-fold, ECOD activity 3.2-fold, and P450 1.9-fold; fried meat and dietary fat significantly increased intestinal EROD activity; a vitamin A-deficient diet increased, and a vitamin A-rich diet decreased intestinal P450 activities; and excess cholesterol in the diet increased intestinal P450 activity.
(10) Since iron from fortified formulas is well absorbed during the first three months of life, even if it is not immediately used for hemoglobin formation, an inccrease in the iron stores will occur...
(11) Dietary intakes, measured by three 24-hour recalls, revealed that protein, iron and Vitamin C generally met or exceeded the Nutrition Recommendations for age.
(12) This is a struggle for the survival of our nation.” As ever, after Trump’s media dressing-down, his operation was quick to fit a velvet glove to an iron fist.
(13) Ten weeks of iron therapy was not, however, long enough to increase iron stores.
(14) With both approaches, carbohydrate and fat had little influence whereas egg albumin had a significant inhibitory effect on the absorption of nonheme iron.
(15) The protein quality and iron bioavailability of mechanically deboned turkey meat (MDT) and hand-deboned turkey meat (HDT) were determined in rats.
(16) Serum levels of vitamins A and E, zinc and iron were determined in healthy control subjects and lepromatous leprosy patients belonging to an eastern state of India.
(17) Ferric iron in aqueous solution was used as an iron-only control.
(18) The implications of inhibition of protein kinase C by adriamycin-iron(III) are discussed.
(19) The duodenal mucosa of genotypically normal iron replete and iron deficient mice and mice with sex-linked (sla) and microcytic anemias (mk) was examined for the presence of iron-binding proteins.
(20) Ferredoxin reductase (Fd-reductase) supplies reducing equivalents obtained from NADPH to mitochondrial cytochrome P450 enzymes via the small iron-sulfur protein ferredoxin.
Wedge
Definition:
(n.) A piece of metal, or other hard material, thick at one end, and tapering to a thin edge at the other, used in splitting wood, rocks, etc., in raising heavy bodies, and the like. It is one of the six elementary machines called the mechanical powers. See Illust. of Mechanical powers, under Mechanical.
(n.) A solid of five sides, having a rectangular base, two rectangular or trapezoidal sides meeting in an edge, and two triangular ends.
(n.) A mass of metal, especially when of a wedgelike form.
(n.) Anything in the form of a wedge, as a body of troops drawn up in such a form.
(n.) The person whose name stands lowest on the list of the classical tripos; -- so called after a person (Wedgewood) who occupied this position on the first list of 1828.
(v. t.) To cleave or separate with a wedge or wedges, or as with a wedge; to rive.
(v. t.) To force or drive as a wedge is driven.
(v. t.) To force by crowding and pushing as a wedge does; as, to wedge one's way.
(v. t.) To press closely; to fix, or make fast, in the manner of a wedge that is driven into something.
(v. t.) To fasten with a wedge, or with wedges; as, to wedge a scythe on the snath; to wedge a rail or a piece of timber in its place.
(v. t.) To cut, as clay, into wedgelike masses, and work by dashing together, in order to expel air bubbles, etc.
Example Sentences:
(1) It is suggested that the normal cyclical release of LH is inhibited in PCO disease by a negative feedback by androgens to the hypothalamus or the pituitary, and that wedge resection should be reserved for patients in whom other forms of treatment have failed.
(2) An opening wedge osteotomy is then directed posterior-dorsal to anterior-plantar, to effectively plantarflex the posterior aspect of the calcaneus.
(3) Lisinopril increases cardiac output, and decreases pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and mean arterial pressure in patients with congestive heart failure refractory to conventional treatment with digitalis and diuretics.
(4) It was then determined whether reducing the PA wedge pressure during exercise with prazosin (9 patients) or dobutamine (6 patients) reduced ventilatory levels toward normal.
(5) He elaborates: "Republicans use powerful economic wedge issues to great impact.
(6) The method described uses film DOT-I and DOT-II by Dupont, whereby the exposure of the step wedge takes place on a linear accelerator with a photo energy of 10 MeV.
(7) Indirect methods to evaluate left ventricular function included the use of the Swan-Ganz catheter for pulmonary capillary wedge pressure measurement, systolic time intervals, and cardiac output.
(8) We performed carinal reconstruction in eight patients, sleeve pneumonectomy in eight patients and wedge pneumonectomy in one.
(9) The mitral valve area was less than 1 cm2 in 61%, the wedge pressure over 25 mmHg in 59% and the pulmonary artery systolic pressure over 50 mmHg in 59%.
(10) Lungs were evaluated for the presence of wedge-shaped pleural-based densities and for the presence of an associated vascular sign.
(11) The isodose curves exhibited the desired wedge angles over the range of field sizes from 5 x 5 to 15 x 40 cm.
(12) This is contradicted, however, by maintained blood pressure and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, increased cardiac output, and reduced peripheral resistance.
(13) Early complications included disc entrapment against the ventricular wall in three cases, wedging of chorda between disc and valve rim in two and posterior perforation of the left ventricle in three patients.
(14) Meanwhile, among hepatic and systemic hemodynamics, wedged hepatic venous pressure, hepatic venous pressure gradient, free hepatic venous pressure, cardiac index, systolic blood pressure, systemic vascular resistance, and stroke volume were found to have changed significantly after tilting.
(15) Cardiac disorders being usually concomitant with this syndrome (interventricular leak, pulmonary arterial wedge stenosis etc.)
(16) As an initial feasibility study of computer-controlled radiation therapy, its application to produce wedge-shaped dose distributions by moving the collimator jaws has been evaluated.
(17) Five shoulders had a posterior opening-wedge osteotomy of the scapular neck to correct the excessive retroversion of the glenoid cavity.
(18) The results showed a satisfactory inter- and intraobserver agreement for wedge (Kappa = 0.72 and 0.90) and compression fractures (Kappa = 0.60 and 0.92).
(19) Among 28 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with increasing dyspnea, the resting mean pulmonary arterial wedge pressure was elevated (greater than 12mm Hg) in 4 and became abnormal with exercise in 3 other subjects.
(20) After induction of spinal anaesthesia the mean arterial pressure, right atrial pressure, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and systemic vascular resistance were significantly reduced.