(n.) A body or compound which is isomeric with another body or compound; a member of an isomeric series.
Example Sentences:
(1) An unsaturated fatty acid auxotroph of Escherichia coli was grown with a series of cis-octadecenoate isomers in which the location of the double bond varied from positions 3 to 17.
(2) Fluorination with [18F]acetylhypofluorite yields 6-[18F]fluoro-L-dopa with 95% radiochemical purity; fluorination of the same substrate with [18F]F2 yields a mixture of all three structural isomers in a ratio of 70:16:14 for 6-, 5-, and 2-fluoro compounds.
(3) The cis isomer was retained longer in liver, particularly in mitochondria, but had low retention in that portion of the endoplasmic reticulum isolated as the rough membrane fraction.
(4) The purity and configuration of each isomer of the free acid and N-chloroacetylated derivative were ascertained by: (a) paper chromatography in five solvent systems, (b) elemental analysis, (c) Van Slyke nitrous acid determination of alpha-carbonyl carbon, and (d) Van Slyke ninhydrin determination of alpha-carbonyl carbon, and (e) optical rotation.
(5) The stronger negative potentials may weaken electrostatic receptor interactions and, thereby, cause the trans(E)-isomers to be less active than cis(Z)-isomers.
(6) The identity of each of the three forms was determined by carboxymethylation of the free cysteines in each isomer with [3H]iodoacetic acid followed by determination of the labelled cysteines by tryptic peptide mapping.
(7) In contrast to the enantiomeric discrimination observed with racemic amine, the individual isomers were metabolized at approximately the same rate.
(8) To further assess different binding behavior of these two isomers, association rate was measured.
(9) None of the 3 beta- or 5 beta-isomers had any effect.
(10) Isomers and epimers of glucose influence insulin and cAMP in a parallel fashion as do sulfonylurea compounds (tolbutamide and glibenclamide).
(11) Bioaccumulation experiments were performed on the hexachlorocyclohexane isomers alpha-HCH, beta-HCH, gamma-HCH and delta-HCH, testing them simultaneously.
(12) Although serum total LDH activity was not altered, the LD5 isoenzyme was proportionately higher in the HCH isomers treated animals.
(13) Racemic verapamil and the L- and D-isomer increased cellular vincristine accumulation to the same extent.
(14) The hypothesis that opiate agonism requires an N substituent in the axial position does not appear to be consistent with the increased potency of beta isomers in which axial N substituents are thermodynamically more unstable.
(15) In the case of adducts with the diol-epoxides of benzo[c]phenanthrene, the energetically most favored structures are isomers with significant biological activity.
(16) Liver regeneration was stimulated in male rats with two-thirds of the liver removed by feeding a basal diet supplemented with acetaminophen (0.35-1.5%; weight basis), 2-acetamidophenol (1.0%) and acetophenetidin (1.0%) over a period of 10 days po, but was in the control range with the m-isomer, 3-acetamidophenol (1.0%), N-butyryl-p-aminophenol (1.0%), o-, m- and p-aminophenols (0.50%) and 4-acetamidothiophenol.
(17) However, exposure of the cells to either of the two isomers of azoxy-procarbazine led to significant DNA damage and cytotoxicity.
(18) 1"-Oxobufuralol (3) was reduced with a complex of (2S)-(-)-2-amino-3-methyl-1,1-diphenylbutan-1-ol and borane, yielding 2, which had a 95:5 ratio of the possible 1"R and 1"S isomers as determined by HPLC.
(19) As the two signals had the same intensities, it was suggested that equivalent amounts of cis and trans isomers of the alkenylmether were formed.
(20) The most important recent work has concerned the different anticoagulant potencies and metabolic pathways of the optical isomers of some of these drugs.
Pentane
Definition:
(n.) Any one of the three metameric hydrocarbons, C5H12, of the methane or paraffin series. They are colorless, volatile liquids, two of which occur in petroleum. So called because of the five carbon atoms in the molecule.
Example Sentences:
(1) Breath was passed through a cooled loop of alumina to adsorb, concentrate, and release, on heating, pentane.
(2) The target concentrations for the butane:pentane mixtures were 4500 and 1000 parts per million (ppm), while 5200 and 1200 ppm were set for the gasoline distillation fraction.
(3) Infants receiving total parenteral nutrition including intravenous lipid emulsion excrete more than 100 pmol of pentane per kilogram body weight per minute.
(4) Extractions by the Twisselmann method give increasing yields in the order n-pentane, hexane, and n-heptane.
(5) The second group of solvents, including toluene and chloroform, showed only a destabilizing effect, while the third group of solvents such as formamide and pentane had no effect over a wide range of concentrations.
(6) The effects of oxygen on production of pentane and compounds absorbing at 234 nm and 285 nm by soybean lipoxygenase isozymes I and II were examined in a model system.
(7) Experiments using purified fatty acids revealed that ethane was preferentially produced from docosahexaenoic and linolenic, and pentane from linoleic and arachidonic acids.
(8) Evidence is produced that destruction of the visual receptor cells by iodoacetate or 1,5-di(p-aminophenoxy) pentane dihydrochloride effectively silences the optic nerve discharge and so achieves this result.2.
(9) Phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide produced a fluorescent substance (FS-III) through reaction with 1-amino-pentane after preincubation with heme methyl ester as a model system.
(10) The signal is strongly dependent on temperature and can only be well resolved at less than 20 degrees K. It is readily elicited in submitochondrial particles by partial reduction, but has not been observed in submitochondrial particles from which ubiquinone has been removed by pentane extraction.
(11) Pentane extraction of the drug and the internal standard and formation of the N-pentafluorobenzoyl derivatives were followed by GLC.
(12) In oocytes, hybrid-selected human brain mRNA induced acetylcholinesterase activity that was completely inhibited by 1,5-bis[4-allyldimethylammonium)phenyl]pentan-3-one dibromide but not by tetraisopropyl pyrophosphamide, a differential response to these inhibitors characteristic of "true" human brain acetylcholinesterase.
(13) Following hypophysectomy there could be observed a certain decline in the anabolic activity of 1,5-bis(1-carbethoxy-2-oxocyclopentyl-1)pentane.
(14) In order to assess whether multiple sclerosis is associated with lipid peroxidation, we measured pentane and ethane excretion by 16 patients with multiple sclerosis and compared them to healthy control subjects.
(15) The fraction of pentane cyclizations of its hydrocarbon chains increases with the growth temperature of the source organism (39-59 degrees C).
(16) Here, 1-(4-amidino-2-iodophenoxy)-5-(3-amidinophenoxy)pentane (compound 32) was a highly effective inhibitor of bovine thrombin (Ki = 1.1 x 10(-6) M), of human thrombin, and of the overall clotting process of human plasma.
(17) The major hydrocarbon gas products in iron, copper, or hematin catalyzed peroxidation systems were ethane or ethylene from linolenic acid, and pentane from linoleic acid and arachidonic acid.
(18) Lung homogenates from animals treated with alpha-tocopherol had decreased concentrations of TBA reactants and pentane production after incubation with either oxidant stress compared to lung homogenate from animals treated with alpha-tocopheryl acetate or vehicle alone.
(19) We conclude that pentane is a good index of in vitro lipid peroxidation via microsomal NADPH-P-450 enzyme systems.
(20) In schizophrenic patients, the course of lipid peroxidation (LP) was investigated as indicated by pentane contents in the expired air (gas chromatography) during a course of psychotropic drug therapy.