What's the difference between kindred and relative?

Kindred


Definition:

  • (n.) Relationship by birth or marriage; consanguinity; affinity; kin.
  • (n.) Relatives by blood or marriage, more properly the former; relations; persons related to each other.
  • (a.) Related; congenial; of the like nature or properties; as, kindred souls; kindred skies; kindred propositions.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) No woman is at greater risk for ovarian carcinoma than one who is a member of a hereditary ovarian carcinoma syndrome kindred and whose mother, sister, or daughter has been affected with this disease and with an integrally related hereditary syndrome cancer.
  • (2) An unusual spectrum of craniofacial and foot abnormalities has been detected within a large midwestern Amish kindred.
  • (3) 45Calcium has been used to compare the kinetics for the transport and bioaccumulation of this regulatory cation in keratinocyte cultures of a kindred with HPS (i.e., one HPS homozygote, one HPS obligate heterozygote, one normal family member, and healthy adult controls).
  • (4) In this study, six patients, the proband, his four siblings and a niece, representing a kindred of fifty-two subjects, were examined for aymptomatic cutaneous nodules mainly on the back and chest.
  • (5) Recently, a gene for ITD (DYT1) in a non-Jewish kindred was located on chromosome 9q32-34, with tight linkage to the gene encoding gelsolin (GSN).
  • (6) A four-generation 25-member kindred with Factor XI:C deficiency is reported.
  • (7) In a nationwide investigation in South Africa, 25 affected individuals in 15 Afrikaner kindreds have been studied.
  • (8) found linkage between manic depression and HRAS1 in a single large Amish kindred.
  • (9) Longevity analysis demonstrated elongation of life expectancy for kindred members, and there was an apparent rarity of premature cardiac events.
  • (10) The logarithm of the odds ratio between GTHR and c-erbA beta was 3.67, and therefore GTHR mapped to the c-erbA beta locus in this kindred.
  • (11) To investigate the possibility that the syndrome is caused by mutation in a tumor suppressor gene, we searched for loss of heterozygosity in 16 sporadic basal cell carcinomas, 2 hereditary basal cell carcinomas, and 1 hereditary ovarian fibroma and performed genetic linkage studies in five Gorlin syndrome kindreds.
  • (12) In the present study, we have analyzed the IF staining patterns of skin and fibroblast cultures from Marfan syndrome patients and normal first-degree relatives in nine Marfan kindreds.
  • (13) Consanguinity of the kindreds could not be established.
  • (14) Here we demonstrate that in this kindred, which shows linkage to chromosome 21 markers, there is a point mutation in the APP gene.
  • (15) It also abolishes the Aval site (CTCGGG) in exon VI, which can be directly detected with the enzymatic DNA amplification technique (PCR) and offers the possibility of direct analysis in carrier and prenatal diagnosis in kindreds with this mutation.
  • (16) Kindred S showed the effect in man of heterozygous and homozygous expression of a dominant negative form of c-erbA beta.
  • (17) Lifetime risk of dementia in early-onset FAD kindreds is consistent with an autosomal dominant inheritance model.
  • (18) A kindred with an X-autosome translocation and differential inactivation of the X chromosome is described.
  • (19) Depending on the size of the kindred, the pedigree automatically obtains a rectangular or circular appearance.
  • (20) The W family represents the largest such North American kindred yet reported.

Relative


Definition:

  • (a.) Having relation or reference; referring; respecting; standing in connection; pertaining; as, arguments not relative to the subject.
  • (a.) Arising from relation; resulting from connection with, or reference to, something else; not absolute.
  • (a.) Indicating or expressing relation; refering to an antecedent; as, a relative pronoun.
  • (a.) Characterizing or pertaining to chords and keys, which, by reason of the identify of some of their tones, admit of a natural transition from one to the other.
  • (n.) One who, or that which, relates to, or is considered in its relation to, something else; a relative object or term; one of two object or term; one of two objects directly connected by any relation.
  • (n.) A person connected by blood or affinity; strictly, one allied by blood; a relation; a kinsman or kinswoman.
  • (n.) A relative pronoun; a word which relates to, or represents, another word or phrase, called its antecedent; as, the relatives "who", "which", "that".

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Here we have asked whether protection from blood-borne antigens afforded by the blood-brain barrier is related to the lack of MHC expression.
  • (2) In contrast, DNA polymerase alpha, the enzyme involved in chromosomal DNA replication, was relatively insensitive to CA1.
  • (3) However, as other patients who lived at the periphery of the Valserine valley do not appear to be related to any patients living in the valley, and because there has been considerable immigration into the valley, a number of hypotheses to explain the distribution of the disease in the region remain possible.
  • (4) The extents of phospholipid hydrolysis were relatively low in brain homogenates, synaptic plasma membranes and heart ventricular muscle.
  • (5) The typical findings have been related to their anatomical localisation and frequency.
  • (6) There was a weak relation between AER and both systolic and diastolic blood pressures.
  • (7) The patterns observed were: clusters of granules related to the cell membrane; positive staining localized to portions of the cell membrane, and, less commonly, the whole cell circumference.
  • (8) The results indicated that neuropsychological measures may serve to broaden the concept of intelligence and that a brain-related criterion may contribute to a fuller understanding of its nature.
  • (9) A series of human cDNA clones of various sizes and relative localizations to the mRNA molecule were isolated by using the human p53-H14 (2.35-kilobase) cDNA probe which we previously cloned.
  • (10) Neuropsychological testing is a relatively new field in the area of clinical neuroscience.
  • (11) Villagers, including one man who has been left disabled and the relatives of six men who were killed, are suing ABG in the UK high court, represented by British law firm Leigh Day, alleging that Tanzanian police officers shot unarmed locals.
  • (12) Simplicity, high capacity, low cost and label stability, combined with relatively high clinical sensitivity make the method suitable for cost effective screening of large numbers of samples.
  • (13) Until his return to Brazil in 1985, Niemeyer worked in Israel, France and north Africa, designing among other buildings the University of Haifa on Mount Carmel; the campus of Constantine University in Algeria (now known as Mentouri University); the offices of the French Communist party and their newspaper l'Humanité in Paris; and the ministry of external relations and the cathedral in Brasilia.
  • (14) Anti-corruption campaigners have already trooped past the €18.9m mansion on Rue de La Baume, bought in 2007 in the name of two Bongo children, then 13 and 16, and other relatives, in what some call Paris's "ill-gotten gains" walking tour.
  • (15) These results suggest the presence of a new antigen-antibody system for another human type C retrovirus related antigens(s) and a participation of retrovirus in autoimmune diseases.
  • (16) This study examined the [3H]5-HT-releasing properties of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and related agents, all of which cause significant release of [3H]5-HT from rat brain synaptosomes.
  • (17) However, four of ten young adult outer arm (relatively sun-exposed) and one of ten young adult inner arm (relatively sun-protected) fibroblasts lines increased their saturation density in response to retinoic acid.
  • (18) Among a family of 8 children, 4 presented typical clinical and biological abnormalities related to mannosidosis.
  • (19) In X-irradiated litters, almost invariably, the incidence of anophthalmia was higher in exencephalic than in nonexencephalic embryos and the ratio of these incidences (relative risk) decreased toward 1 with increasing dose.
  • (20) Also we found that the lipid deposition in the glomeruli of patients with Alagille syndrome is related to an abnormal lipid metabolism, which is the consequence of severe cholestasis.