(n.) One of a series of anhydrides of an amido type, analogous to the lactones, as oxindol.
Example Sentences:
(1) An antagonism is unlikely when ciprofloxacin is combined with one of the beta-lactams studied or with tobramycin.
(2) Their sensitivity to aminoglycoside antibiotics, beta-lactams, tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, colistin, and ofloxacin was tested.
(3) Cefuzoname seems to be among the middle ranks of beta-lactam agents as far as penetration rate is concerned; however, when its potent antibacterial activity and broad spectrum are taken into account, the concentrations in CSF in patients with meningitis seem worth examining.
(4) Key therapeutic questions are whether beta-lactams can safely replace aminoglycosides for the treatment of gram-negative pneumonia, and whether monotherapy or aminoglycoside and beta-lactam combination antibiotic treatment is superior.
(5) A novel screening procedure led to isolation of the structurally unique, bacterially produced, monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotics early in 1979.
(6) Unlike most other beta-lactam antibiotics, imipenem does not show cross-resistance in the presence of intrinsic resistance.
(7) Owing to its broad spectrum of action (covering both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms and anaerobes) and its consistently strong molar action, mezlocillin is well suited as a beta-lactam combination component for intensive care patients.
(8) The addition of chloramphenicol to amino acid-deprived cultures of relA+ strains of Escherichia coli which were treated with beta-lactam antibiotics, D-cycloserine, or moenomycin resulted in lysis.
(9) 7, 578--581 (1975)] and show some resemblance to the effects of beta-lactams on the biosynthesis of Escherichia coli peptidoglycan.
(10) The hypoprothrombinemia in vitamin K-deficient female rats was caused by beta-lactam antibiotics with N-methyltetrazolethiol, thiadiazolethiol and methyl-thiadiazolethiol as the 3'-position substituent of the cephem nucleus.
(11) As the combination of two beta-lactams is sometimes antagonist, we studied the action of amoxicillin, clavulanic acid alone and in combination on H. influenzae beta-lactamase producer by kinetic turbidimetry and time-kill curve.
(12) In addition, there was evidence of opening of the beta-lactam ring to form cephalosporoic acid when the methyl ester of cefazolin was studied in human plasma and in the presence of penicillinase.
(13) Both ester and beta-lactam degradations of alpha-esters of carbenicillin disodium, carbenicillin indanyl sodium, and carbenicillin phenyl sodium in aqueous solution at 35 degrees and at 0.5 ionic strength were investigated.
(14) Paradoxical response to bactericidal activity of beta-lactams was abolished by incubation of the inoculum with 2 x MIC before exposure to higher antibiotic concentrations.
(15) Results showed that resistance to imipenem may be related to loss or modifications in hydrophobicity of an outer membrane protein of about 46 Kdal; other modifications concerned hydrophobicity of the porin OMP F and, in one strain, the LPS complex appears to be responsible for resistance to other beta-lactam antibiotics together in combination with the production of beta-lactamases.
(16) The emergence of multi-beta-lactam resistance is a limiting factor in treating invasive Pseudomonas infections with newer cephalosporins.
(17) The resulting patterns of MICs of NFLX, beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, and chloramphenicol and the observed increased accumulation of NFLX were consistent with the occurrence of the nfxB type mutation in these clinical isolates.
(18) None of the resistant variants thereby selected showed cross resistance to other beta-lactam antibiotics or aminoglycosides.
(19) A new PBP fraction (PBP2') having a molecular weight of 78,000 and low binding affinities for various beta-lactam antibiotics was found in MRSA exclusively.
(20) Newer beta-lactam antibiotics with high levels of activity against gram-negative aerobic bacilli (including Pseudomonas aeruginosa) such as cefoperazone, ceftazidime, imipenem, and aztreonam may be suitable for monotherapy of gram-negative pneumonia.
Lactim
Definition:
(n.) One of a series of anhydrides resembling the lactams, but of an imido type; as, isatine is a lactim. Cf. Lactam.
Example Sentences:
(1) A possible solution to this potential problem by the use of the new Polysorb-Lactimer absorbable TA55 stapler is presented.
(2) By means of a molecular orbital method which considers all valence electrons, INDO, we have calculated several electronic indices and determined the major tautomers in the lactan-lactim tautomerism of alloxan in the liquid and gaseous states.
(3) With all other compounds no tautomeric forms other than the lactams could be detected, although small proportions of bilirubin must exist as the lactim.
(4) The compounds crystallize as the lactams, except for dimethoxybilirubin dimethyl ester and its phenylazo derivative, which are held in the lactim ether configuration.
(5) Correlating these with the NMR spectra in the -10 ppm to -11 ppm region allows us to conclude that the "GU pairs" are not hydrogen-bonded by tautomerization to the lactim form.
(6) studies also suggest that bilirubin dimethyl ester is in the lactam rather than the lactim form.