What's the difference between language and substrate?

Language


Definition:

  • (n.) Any means of conveying or communicating ideas; specifically, human speech; the expression of ideas by the voice; sounds, expressive of thought, articulated by the organs of the throat and mouth.
  • (n.) The expression of ideas by writing, or any other instrumentality.
  • (n.) The forms of speech, or the methods of expressing ideas, peculiar to a particular nation.
  • (n.) The characteristic mode of arranging words, peculiar to an individual speaker or writer; manner of expression; style.
  • (n.) The inarticulate sounds by which animals inferior to man express their feelings or their wants.
  • (n.) The suggestion, by objects, actions, or conditions, of ideas associated therewith; as, the language of flowers.
  • (n.) The vocabulary and phraseology belonging to an art or department of knowledge; as, medical language; the language of chemistry or theology.
  • (n.) A race, as distinguished by its speech.
  • (v. t.) To communicate by language; to express in language.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Thus it is unclear how a language learner determines whether German even has a regular plural, and if so what form it takes.
  • (2) The original sample included 1200 high school males within each of 30 language and cultural communities.
  • (3) The deep green people who have an issue with the language of natural capital are actually making the same jump from value to commodification that they state that they don’t want ... They’ve equated one with the other,” he says.
  • (4) Surrounding intact ipsilateral structures are more important for the recovery of some of the language functions, such as motor output and phonemic assembly, than homologous contralateral structures.
  • (5) This review focused on the methods used to identify language impairment in specifically language-impaired subjects participating in 72 research studies that were described in four journals from 1983 to 1988.
  • (6) In his notorious 1835 Minute on Education , Lord Macaulay articulated the classic reason for teaching English, but only to a small minority of Indians: “We must do our best to form a class who may be interpreters between us and the millions whom we govern; a class of persons, Indians in blood and colour, but English in taste, in opinions, in morals and in intellect.” The language was taught to a few to serve as intermediaries between the rulers and the ruled.
  • (7) Groups were similar with respect to age, sex, school experience, family income, housing, primary language spoken, and nonverbal intelligence.
  • (8) And that ancient Basque cultural gem – the mysterious language with its odd Xs, Ks and Ts – will be honoured at every turn in a city where it was forbidden by Franco.
  • (9) Language and discussion develop the intellect, she argues.
  • (10) This empirical fact has in recent years been increasingly dealt with in pertinent German-language literature, the discussion clearly emphasizing the demand that programmes aimed at the vocational qualification of unemployed disabled persons be provided, along with accompanying measures.
  • (11) To do so degrades the language of war and aids the terrorist enemy.
  • (12) They have already missed the critical periods in language learning and thus are apt to remain severely depressed in language skills at best.
  • (13) This paper reviews the epidemiologic studies of petroleum workers published in the English language, focusing on research pertaining to the petroleum industry, rather than the broader petrochemical industry.
  • (14) Now, a small Scottish charity, Edinburgh Direct Aid – moved by their plight and aware that the language of Lebanese education is French and English and that Syria is Arabic – is delivering textbooks in Arabic to the school and have offered to fund timeshare projects across the country.
  • (15) The researchers' own knowledge of street language and drug behavior has enabled them to capture information that would escape most observers and even some participants.
  • (16) At the House Ear Institute, speech and language assessments are a regular part of the evaluation protocol for the cochlear implant clinical trials in children.
  • (17) The Rio+ 20 Earth summit could collapse after countries failed to agree on acceptable language just two weeks before 120 world leaders arrive at the biggest UN summit ever organised, WWF warned on Wednesday.
  • (18) Disagreements over the language of the text continued throughout Friday.
  • (19) And as for this job, well, not that I have a choice but … fuck it, I quit.” A stunned colleague then told viewers: “All right we apologise for that … we’ll, we’ll be right back.” The station later apologised to viewers on Twitter: KTVA 11 News (@ktva) Viewers, we sincerely apologize for the inappropriate language used by a KTVA reporter on the air tonight.
  • (20) The European commission has three official "procedural languages": German, French and English.

Substrate


Definition:

  • (n.) A substratum.
  • (a.) Having very slight furrows.
  • (v. t.) To strew or lay under anything.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) 5-HT thus appears to be the preferred substrate for uptake into platelets and for movement from cytoplasm to vesicles.
  • (2) Some common eye movement deficits, and concepts such as 'the neural integrator' and the 'velocity storage mechanism', for which anatomical substrates are still sought, are introduced.
  • (3) These results demonstrate that increased availability of galactose, a high-affinity substrate for the enzyme, leads to increased aldose reductase messenger RNA, which suggests a role for aldose reductase in sugar metabolism in the lens.
  • (4) The common polyamines, spermidine and spermine, and histones were not substrates.
  • (5) Manometric studies with resting cells obtained by growth on each of these sulfur sources yielded net oxygen uptake for all substrates except sulfite and dithionate.
  • (6) The PSB dioxygenase system displayed a narrow substrate range: none of 18 sulphonated or non-sulphonated analogues of PSB showed significant substrate-dependent O2 uptake.
  • (7) The observed relationship between prorenin and renin substrate concentrations might be a consequence of their regulation by common factors.
  • (8) This theory was confirmed by product analysis and by measuring the affinity of the substrate for the enzyme by its inhibition of p-nitrophenyl glucoside hydrolysis.
  • (9) Yields of Thiobacillus dentrificans on different substrates were compared.
  • (10) It includes preincubation of diluted plasma with ellagic acid and phospholipids and a starting reagent that contains calcium and a chromogenic peptide substrate for thrombin, Tos-Gly-Pro-Arg-pNA.
  • (11) The present results provide no evidence for a clear morphological substrate for electrotonic transmission in the somatic efferent portion of the primate oculomotor nucleus.
  • (12) Fluorination with [18F]acetylhypofluorite yields 6-[18F]fluoro-L-dopa with 95% radiochemical purity; fluorination of the same substrate with [18F]F2 yields a mixture of all three structural isomers in a ratio of 70:16:14 for 6-, 5-, and 2-fluoro compounds.
  • (13) The enzyme, when assayed as either a phospholipase A2 or lysophospholipase, exhibited nonlinear kinetics beyond 1-2 min despite low substrate conversion.
  • (14) The stopped-flow technique was used to measure the rate constants for the reactions between the oxidized forms of peroxidase with luminol and the following substrates: p-iodophenol, p-bromophenol, p-clorophenol, o-iodophenol, m-iodophenol, luciferin, and 2-iodo-6-hydroxybenzothiazole.
  • (15) The time-course and dose-response for this modification of pp60c-src paralleled PDGF-induced increases in phosphorylation of pp36, a major cellular substrate for several tyrosine-specific protein kinases.
  • (16) Control incubations revealed an inherent difference between the two substrates; gram-positive supernatants consistently contained 5% radioactivity, whereas even at 0 h, those from the gram-negative mutant released 22%.
  • (17) Uptake could be supported either by substrate oxidation or by adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP), and was inhibited in the former case by antimycin or cyanide, in the latter case by oligomycin, and in both cases by 2,4-dinitrophenol.
  • (18) These results indicate that both the renal brush-border and basolateral membranes possess the Na(+)-dependent dicarboxylate transport system with very similar properties but with different substrate affinity and transport capacity.
  • (19) Congenitally deficient plasmas were used as the substrate for the measurement of procoagulant activities in a one-stage clotting assay.
  • (20) This capacity is expressed during incubation of the bacteria with the substrate and needs a source of carbon and other energy metabolites.