What's the difference between larva and proleg?

Larva


Definition:

  • (n.) Any young insect from the time that it hatches from the egg until it becomes a pupa, or chrysalis. During this time it usually molts several times, and may change its form or color each time. The larvae of many insects are much like the adults in form and habits, but have no trace of wings, the rudimentary wings appearing only in the pupa stage. In other groups of insects the larvae are totally unlike the parents in structure and habits, and are called caterpillars, grubs, maggots, etc.
  • (n.) The early, immature form of any animal when more or less of a metamorphosis takes place, before the assumption of the mature shape.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Larvae from fresh water eggs, cultured in fresh water and 'normal' laboratory cultures reached 50% infectivity in 3-5 days, losing potential infectivity in 11-15 days post-hatching.
  • (2) After treatment of larvae of instar 1 at preimago stages about 77% of the insects died.
  • (3) A total of 3,532 females of various engorged weights was collected from all calves, resulting in a mean female tick yield of 1.78% based on the number of larvae used for all infestations.
  • (4) Similar concentrations of free ecdysteroids were recorded in adults and larvae, although the two life cycle stages differed in their ratio of ecdysone: 20-hydroxyecdysone.
  • (5) Larvae of both mutants also excrete 3H-3-hydroxykynurenine and 3H-kynurenine rapidly, which probably accounts for the normal levels of kynurenine during larval life.
  • (6) Guinea pigs exposed to 200 and 400 H. truncatum larvae elicited the greatest change in feeding efficiency during the fourth infestation.
  • (7) In cultures of medium ML-15 containing a feeder layer of Dog Sarcoma (DS) cells larvae successfully moulted and showed a small but significant increase in length.
  • (8) The test is based on the ability of larvae to freely migrate through selected mesh sizes of nylon sieves and the reduced ability of larvae to migrate after preincubation with, and in the presence of, substances that inhibit or reduce larval motility.
  • (9) This study provides evidence for a maternal yolk factor associated with increased tolerance and resistance of larvae to copper.
  • (10) Human activity not only increases risk, but influences control by killing mosquito larvae, killing adult mosquitos or preventing mosquitos from feeding.
  • (11) Infected ticks were reared from larvae feeding on each of 11 rabbits taken from the same site.
  • (12) Histopathology examination from the margin of the ulcerative area confirmed the diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma, which was infested secondarily with larvae of flies.
  • (13) Tolypocladium tundrense and T. terricola UV-irradiated conidia exhibited acute toxicity to Aedes aegypti larvae in concentrations of 5 x 10(5) and 5 x 10(6) ml-1, respectively.
  • (14) These products, as well as several synthetic intermediates, were evaluated for antifilarial activity against Molinema dessetae either in vivo in its natural host, the rodent Proechimys oris, or in vitro by a new test using cultures of the infective larvae.
  • (15) However, mosquitoes infected with more than 4 larvae became more active than uninfected mosquitoes 8 days after infection.
  • (16) Metabolism of carbaryl by the fat body is affected by the age of the larva, the pH of the incubation medium, and the concentration of magnesium chloride in the incubation medium.
  • (17) The mutant larvae are apparently normal, but they harbor serious defects in the organs containing proliferating cells of both somatic and germ line origins.
  • (18) Changes in haemolymph juvenile hormone (JH) concentrations of larvae of the southwestern corn borer, Diatraea grandiosella, were used to estimate the activity of the corpora allata.
  • (19) Statistical analysis has shown the following: a) the growth inhibition, which is especially distinct in autumn-spring generation, takes place in the Ist instar larvae 1.76-2.20 mm long inhabiting the walls of the nasal cavity and concha (their average body length at hatching is 1.08 plus or minus 0.004 mm); the inhibition is associated with interpopulation relations and apparently does not depend on the date of its beginning and can last from 6 to 7 months; c) after the growth resumption the development continues uninterruptedly up to the moulting; the inhibition is also possible at the beginning of the 2nd instar and then the development proceeds without any intervals up to the complete maturation of larvae.
  • (20) It is present throughout development and is as abundant in embryos as in larvae and adult flies.

Proleg


Definition:

  • (n.) One of the fleshy legs found on the abdominal segments of the larvae of Lepidoptera, sawflies, and some other insects. Those of Lepidoptera have a circle of hooks. Called also proped, propleg, and falseleg.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Other proleg motoneurons regress but do not die, indicating that dendritic regression is programmed separately from neuronal death.
  • (2) The principal locomotory appendages of the Manduca sexta caterpillar, the prolegs, are present on the third through sixth abdominal segments (anal prolegs located on the terminal segment were not included in this study).
  • (3) In this study we examined activity-dependent changes in the amplitude of the excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) evoked in a proleg motoneuron by stimulation of individual planta hair sensory neurons.
  • (4) The larval-pupal transformation of the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta, involves the loss of many larval-specific behaviors, including a simple withdrawal reflex of the abdominal prolegs.
  • (5) At pupation the prolegs are lost, their muscles degenerate, and some of their motoneurons regress structurally.
  • (6) Two other differently fated abdominal muscles not associated with the proleg were also studied.
  • (7) In the present study we identified additional proleg motoneurons and their putative homologs in the non-proleg-bearing segments.
  • (8) An important technical innovation was the development of an isolated proleg and desheathed ganglion preparation that permits rapid and reversible ionic manipulations and drug applications.
  • (9) The prolegs bear numerous mechanosensory bristle sensilla, each innervated by an afferent neuron that arborizes within the central nervous system (CNS).
  • (10) In the mosaic hemisegments, electrical stimulation of PH afferents evoked only a small synaptic depolarization of the proleg motoneurons, similar in amplitude to that recorded in normally developing pupae; thus, the developmental status of the afferents was irrelevant to the loss of the reflex.
  • (11) As a first step toward investigating the process of functional respecification at the synaptic level, we searched for larval interneurons that affected the activity of proleg motoneurons, and followed these interneurons into the pupal stage.
  • (12) Interneurons were judged to be individually identifiable based on their effects on proleg motoneuron activity and their anatomical features.
  • (13) The abdominal prolegs, which are the principal locomotory appendages of the caterpillar, are lost during the larval-pupal transformation.
  • (14) Cobalt-staining of the proleg MNs and planta hair afferents shows that the afferents terminate in ventral neuropil, and the proleg MNs have an unusual ventral projection into this region.
  • (15) Following adult emergence all but one of the respecified proleg motoneurons dies.
  • (16) We have followed the fates of a proleg retractor muscle, PPRM, and its single motoneuron, PPR.
  • (17) Previously, we found that PH afferents produce monosynaptic excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) in proleg retractor muscle motoneurons, the size of which depends on the position of the hair in the PH array.
  • (18) In the tobacco hornworm caterpillar, tactile stimulation of sensory hairs located on the tip of a proleg (the planta) evokes ipsilateral or bilateral retraction of the prolegs in that segment.
  • (19) These activity-dependent changes in sensory transmission may contribute to the behavioral plasticity of the proleg withdrawal reflex observed in intact insects.
  • (20) We have used electrophysiological and anatomical methods to investigate the excitatory neural pathways linking the planta hair afferents and the proleg retractor motoneurons (MNs).

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