(n.) Any one of several species of small arctic rodents of the genera Myodes and Cuniculus, resembling the meadow mice in form. They are found in both hemispheres.
Example Sentences:
(1) The structure and ultrastructure of the following regions of the hypothalamo-hypophysial neurosecretory system (HHNS) in the population cycle of lemming were studied: supraoptic (SON), paraventricular (PVN) and arcuate nuclei (AN), the median eminence (ME) and posterior pituitary (PP).
(2) These results suggest that LEM are a reliable individual difference measure and are sensitive to task differences.
(3) Thus, the effects of LEM in stimulating hepatic amino acid transport appear to be direct, without mediation by other hormones, and to be independent of cAMP.
(4) In two patients with the Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) and small-cell lung carcinoma (SLLC), therapy for LEMS was effective when combined with cancer therapy.
(5) This syndrome is likely to be autosomal recessive and resembles Smith-Lemli-Opitz (SLO) syndrome.
(6) Characteristic reduction of quantal content elicited at 1 Hz and facilitation at 20 Hz was observed in mice treated with LEMS plasma compared to those treated with control plasma.
(7) The Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome is characterized by mental retardation, hypotonia, facial dysmorphism and abnormalities of the limbs, genitalia and kidneys.
(8) To test this hypothesis, mouse diaphragms were exposed to control and LEMS IgG and IgG fragments in organ culture for 24 hours and then studied by quantitative freeze-fracture electron microscopy.
(9) LEMS IgG also acts at motor nerve terminal Ca2+ channels leading to muscle weakness.
(10) The tested substances included two sulfated polysaccharides (lentinan sulfate and dextran sulfate) and a nonsulfated polysaccharide PSK, E-P-LEM, glycyrrhizin sulfate, and nucleoside analogues (AZT and DHT).
(11) Replication patterns of the X chromosomes were studied in X*XY wood lemmings with male and female phenotypes.
(12) Measurements of leukocytic endogenous mediator (LEM) activity, i.e., lowering of plasma iron and zinc and increases in blood neutrophils, were made on the same supernatant media.
(13) Plasma insulin and glucagon responses to crude LEM may explain increases in hepatic cAMP, uptake of AA, and glycogenolysis as well as hypoglycemia.
(14) LEMS IgG was equally effective in C5-deficient mice, indicating that late complement components are not required.
(15) Since some factor enhancing antibody response was detected in the culture supernatant of LEM-treated macrophages, this was fractionated by gel filtration, which revealed a substance with a molecular weight of about 15,000 daltons.
(16) The wood lemming, Myopus schisticolor, the collared lemming, Dirostonyx torquatus, and perhaps also one or two species of the genus Akodon have XX and XY females and XY males.
(17) Inhibition of the infectivity and cytopathic effect of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) by the immunoactive fractions obtained from LEM, which is an extract of the culture medium of Lentinus edodes mycelia, is reported.
(18) This study describes the sequential formation of lesions associated with the endogenous development of Sarcocystis rauschorum (Apicomplexa: Sarcocystidae) in varying lemmings, Dicrostonyx richardsoni.
(19) Simultaneously registered EEG (O1-Cz and O2-Cz) and lateral eye movements (LEM) were analyzed with reference to different stimuli.
(20) SD-exposed lemmings showed 19.2% greater growth than those in LD, resulting primarily from a 29.2 and 15.0% increase in lean and ash components, respectively.
Vole
Definition:
(n.) A deal at cards that draws all the tricks.
(v. i.) To win all the tricks by a vole.
(n.) Any one of numerous species of micelike rodents belonging to Arvicola and allied genera of the subfamily Arvicolinae. They have a thick head, short ears, and a short hairy tail.
Example Sentences:
(1) It is concluded that in its hormonal requirements for a successful DCR the bank vole is similar to the mouse.
(2) The concentrations of several acidic and neutral amino acids of brain, liver, and skeletal muscle were determined in field voles, Microtus montanus, and compared to values obtained from voles harboring a chronic infection of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense.
(3) Meadow vole dams, housed in a 14L:10D photoperiod were injected daily 3 h before onset of darkness with 10 micrograms melatonin.
(4) When female voles were allowed contact with the stud male for only 1 h at the time of mating, 55% exhibited pregnancy failure when exposed to a strange male 48 h later.
(5) Citing the noted study by Larry Young into voles, which went some way to proving their monogamy was a function of the way in which the hormone oxytocin was transmitted in the brain, Faulkes believes something similar will likely be revealed in the naked mole rats.
(6) Body mass and food intake increased substantially during pregnancy and lactation and the magnitude of the increase was unaffected by daylength; by contrast, body weight was significantly reduced in non-impregnated voles kept in short as compared to long days.
(7) The regression is less pronounced in voles than in shrews.
(8) Revertant vole cells appear morphologically similar to normal, uninfected cells, yet, like transformed vole cells, they are fully capable of growing in agar suspension and producing tumors in athymic nude mice.
(9) A survey in Essex in 2006 found most main rivers “utterly devoid of water voles”.
(10) The hypothesis that sex differences in maze learning result from sex differences in activity was tested with wild-caught prairie (Microtus ochrogaster) and meadow (M. pennsylvanicus) voles.
(11) Meadow voles exposed to house dust mites from the homes of patients did not develop serologic or pathologic evidence of infection due to rickettsiae in the spotted fever and typhus groups or Coxiella burnetii.
(12) The results suggest that in northern red-backed voles: the pineal does not mediate seasonal changes in thermogenic capacity, the pineal may mediate reduction of body weight and regression of reproductive organs but, in addition to day-length, other cues or factors may be important, populations may exhibit variability in sensitivity of reproduction to photoperiod which could allow for opportunistic breeding.
(13) Bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus) monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against the two envelope glycoproteins (G 1 and G 2) of the Puumala (PUU) virus were generated and characterized.
(14) Look and listen out for Little owls hunting voles and mice and badgers crossing over the summit from a set on the hillside below.
(15) The X chromosome of voles captured in Oregon was 39% longer than that of voles trapped in Washington.
(16) One vole of the 15 on the .001% PLCN treatment died.
(17) Water voles have recently been returned to Cornwall after being declared extinct in the county, to the South Downs national park and to Gwent in south Wales .
(18) Partial immunological cross-reaction was detected in a radioimmunoassay system between rat prolactin and either extracts of vole pituitaries or media on which vole pituitaries had been cultured; vole placental lactogen showed no cross-reaction with rat prolactin.
(19) For the first time in 30 years, and possibly longer, fresh water from deep underground is not filling the ditches and reedbeds of the 40-hectare reserve known for its bitterns, water voles and marsh harriers.
(20) The basic infective cycle of the parasite is a zoonosis between foxes as final hosts and small rodents such as common voles as intermediate hosts.