(1) The maximum catalytic activities of PFK (PPi) in apex, stele and cortex of the root of pea (Pisum sativum) and in the developing and the thermogenic club of the spadix of cuckoo-pint (Arum maculatum) were measured and compared with those of phosphofructokinase, and to estimates of the rates of carbohydrate oxidation.
(2) Bacteria in the stele remained viable after a 6-h treatment of roots with chloramine-t, indicating that the endodermis was intact.
(3) SbPRP3 RNA was localized specifically to the endodermoid layer of cells surrounding the stele in the elongating region of the hypocotyl, as well as in the epidermal cells of leaves and cotyledons.
(4) Infection of the inner cortex and stele appears to occur initially in branches, and then to spread longitudinally into main roots.
(5) Lesser but significant amounts of calmodulin were localized in metaxylem elements, in some stele cells surrounding metaxylem elements, in apical initials, and in the cortical cells.
(6) A correlation of inner cortex and stele infections with the presence of branches appears to explain previous observations that excised roots of grasses exhibiting high nitrogenase activity are characteristically branched roots with an intact cortex.
(7) In maize, colonization of the inner cortex and stele appears to occur in the absence of significant bacterial colonization or collapse of outerlying tissues.
(8) This secret lair had been decorated with statues cut from the marble that the Persians had brought with them in 490BC ready to carve a victory stele when they had defeated Athens, a triumph they conspicuously failed to achieve.