(n. pl.) An order of insects, which includes the butterflies and moths. They have broad wings, covered with minute overlapping scales, usually brightly colored.
Example Sentences:
(1) The appearance of the corpus allatum, the central endocrine gland of diapause, was examined histologically in the slug moth prepupae, Monema flavescens (Lepidoptera).
(2) A growth-blocking peptide (GBP) with repressive activity against juvenile hormone (JH) esterase has been isolated from the last (6th) instar larval plasma of the armyworm Pseudaletia separata (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) parasitized by the parasitoid wasp Apanteles kariyai (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) (1,2).
(3) Sequence divergence in the 16S rRNA obtained from alignment with published insect sequences is consistent with phylogenetic hypotheses, in that Diptera and Lepidoptera are more closely related to each other (24% sequence divergence) than either is to Hymenoptera (31%).
(4) The perinephric membrane in the Lepidoptera is impermeable to the dyes.
(5) The resulting strain contained only DNA of Bt origin, and displayed insecticidal activity against both lepidoptera and coleoptera.
(6) The properties of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase were studied in soluble and particulate fractions from the central nervous system of Manduca sexta (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae).
(7) Brain extracts from day 1-4 last instar larvae of Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera) stimulate RNA synthesis in cultured silk glands from day 3 last instar larvae.
(8) The elimination chromatin separating from chromosomes during the first maturation division of female sex cells of lepidoptera insects was studied cytochemically on paraffin sections of eggs of Bombyx mori L. Ocytes at the metaphase-telophase stage of the first meiotic division were stained for RNA by metyl green-pyronin and gallocyanin with negative results.
(9) The complexes have been screened against Spodoptera litura; F (Lepidoptera: noctuiidae) for antifeeding and insect-growth-regulating activity.
(10) Mutagenesis has been used to investigate the toxicity and specificity of a larvicidal protein from Bacillus thuringiensis aizawai IC1 that is toxic to both lepidoptera and diptera and differs by only three residues from a monospecific lepidopteran toxin from B. thuringiensis berliner.
(11) The protein has pronounced similarity to cuticular proteins from larvae of diptera and lepidoptera, but only slight resemblance to the previously sequenced locust exocuticular proteins.
(12) Although the neuropeptide proctolin has important functions in many arthropods, it is reported to be absent in Lepidoptera.
(13) Only one of the four lepidoptera-specific crystal protein subclasses (CryIC) Bacillus thuringiensis was previously shown to be highly toxic against several Spodoptera species.
(14) Heads of insects from 8 genera of Diptera and Lepidoptera were found to contain 3-hydroxyretinoids.
(15) The nodes formed by the mid-ventral tracheal anastomoses in abdominal segments 3-6 are modified into conspicuous glandular organs in larvae of certain Lepidoptera.
(16) No positive synergism between 130- and 65-kDa toxins or among three CryIA toxins tested against seven species of Lepidoptera occurred.
(17) israelensis on Aedes aegypti larvae and the cytopathological effects of the other varieties of B. thuringiensis on Lepidoptera larvae.
(18) Chiasmata are absent in all the female Lepidoptera examined by Suomalainen and others, but Ephestia seems to show the absence of chiasmata but the presence of genetic recombination in the female, and therefore would repay further study.
(19) In our rRNA study of higher moths and butterflies (Lepidoptera: Ditrysia), the selection of different exemplars and outgroups caused major tree rearrangements.
(20) In contrast to other members of the Lepidoptera there is no conspicuous heterochromatic W-chromosome, which corresponds to the female-specific heterochromatin body present in the nuclei of somatic tissues.
Lepidopteran
Definition:
Example Sentences:
(1) Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies kurstaki (Btk) and subspecies berliner (Btb) both produce lepidopteran-specific larvicidal protoxins with different activities against the same insect species.
(2) We detail the fatty acid compositions of last larval instars of two lepidopterans, Spodoptera frugiperda and Trichoplusia ni, two tissues from T. ni, a cell line derived from each species and the respective larval and cell culture media.
(3) toxins having activities specific to lepidopteran species showed that several domains were highly homologous.
(4) Late stationary phase Bacillus megaterium cells harboring the cloned B. thuringiensis cryBI gene contained large aggregates of the P2 protein, and the cells were highly toxic to both lepidopteran and dipteran larvae.
(5) The effect of using three different lepidopteran cell lines in this assay for AcMNPV is also described.
(6) The chromatin of the lepidopteran Ephestia kuehniella was digested by micrococcal nuclease, DNase I and S1-nuclease combined with DNase I pretreatment.
(7) kurstaki were compared against four species of defoliating forest lepidopterans in diet-incorporation assays.
(8) Mutagenesis has been used to investigate the toxicity and specificity of a larvicidal protein from Bacillus thuringiensis aizawai IC1 that is toxic to both lepidoptera and diptera and differs by only three residues from a monospecific lepidopteran toxin from B. thuringiensis berliner.
(9) The lepidopteran-specific preparation (trypsin-treated protoxin containing 58 and 55 kDa polypeptides) bound to two membrane proteins in the lepidopteran cells but none in the dipteran cells.
(10) These acylpolyamines instantly paralyze lepidopteran larvae following injection.
(11) A persistent infection by a baculovirus-like particle was found in the established lepidopteran (Heliothis zea) cell line, IMC-HZ-1.
(12) This finding suggests the existence of a new type of juvenile peptide hormone in lepidopteran insects.
(13) Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcMNPV) is a large, double-stranded DNA virus of lepidopteran insects.
(14) Tolerance for such change is attributed to the holokinetic organisation of lepidopteran chromosomes.
(15) A number of additional granulin and lepidopteran polyhedrin sequences will certainly be forthcoming because of the ease with which these genes are identified by cross-hybridization with available related probes.
(16) These coleopteran proteins also showed some sequential homology but no immunological cross-reactivity with storage proteins from the lepidopterans Galleria mellonella and Heliothis virescens.
(17) The previously unreported format, termed affinity-amplified immunoassay (AAIA), was successfully used for quantitative monitoring of low levels of the esterase in dilute hemolymph and egg homogenates from various lepidopteran insect species, as well as for detection of the native and mutant forms of the enzyme obtained in a recombinant baculovirus expression system.
(18) Cell lines established from the Lepidopteran insect Spodoptera frugiperda (e.g., Sf9) are used routinely as hosts for the expression of foreign proteins by baculovirus vectors.
(19) The junctional structures present between the midgut cells of 3 lepidopteran caterpillars have been examined using freeze-etching, conventional staining and lanthanum tracer techniques.
(20) Both CAPs were present in the pharate adult VNC of several other Lepidopteran species.