(n.) A rigid piece which is capable of turning about one point, or axis (the fulcrum), and in which are two or more other points where forces are applied; -- used for transmitting and modifying force and motion. Specif., a bar of metal, wood, or other rigid substance, used to exert a pressure, or sustain a weight, at one point of its length, by receiving a force or power at a second, and turning at a third on a fixed point called a fulcrum. It is usually named as the first of the six mechanical powers, and is of three kinds, according as either the fulcrum F, the weight W, or the power P, respectively, is situated between the other two, as in the figures.
(n.) A bar, as a capstan bar, applied to a rotatory piece to turn it.
(n.) An arm on a rock shaft, to give motion to the shaft or to obtain motion from it.
Example Sentences:
(1) In this experiment animals were trained to lever press in two distinctive contexts.
(2) Orientation and lever responding were not functionally related.
(3) In older stages, the cervical joints rotate according to geometric and lever arm principles.
(4) In EastEnders , the mystery surrounding the identity of Kat's secret squeeze continues amid the grinding of narrative levers and the death rattle of overflogged script-horses.
(5) Cats were trained to press a lever for 0.5--1.0 ml of milk reward both in the presence and absence of ambient light.
(6) Setting out how Britain would have a lever over the rest of the EU to demand repatriation of UK competences, Cameron said: "What's happening in Europe right now is massive change being driven by the existence of the euro.
(7) When lever pressing was established, the 2-kHz signal was presented through a speaker adjacent to the response lever according to a different set of variable intertrial intervals.
(8) Officials said the changes to the planning rules will mean it is possible to lever in billions of private sector development in low-cost housing.
(9) Rats were allowed to bar press on either of two levers (left and right).
(10) Knee flexion is synchronized with ankle dorsiflexion by a synchronizer rod and lever.
(11) In order to study the interactions between serotonergic mechanism and electrical stimulation of the mesencephalic central gray substance, rats were trained to lever-press for terminating aversive electric stimuli applied at the Periaqueductal gray and adjoining tectum of the mesencephalon.
(12) Rats were trained to press a lever to obtain a brief burst of pulses to the lateral hypothalamus.
(13) But its original meaning is the practice of using the levers of the state and of government to get difficult things done that otherwise wouldn't happen.
(14) Intact rats and rats bearing lesions of the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCNX rats) were trained to obtain food by pressing either of two levers located on opposite sides of a cylindrical cage.
(15) We found that attenuation of lever-pressing and water intake by raclopride were not more separated in dose than after, for example, haloperidol.
(16) Young rats weaned at 16 days were taught to press a lever by shaping at 18 days and trained for 11 days (from 20 to 30 days of age) on a fixed-interval 60-sec schedule, at a rate of 5 half-hour sessions per day.
(17) In contrast, the selective norepinephrine uptake inhibitors, desipramine and talsupram, and the selective serotonin uptake inhibitor, citalopram, occasioned averages of only 13 to 19% drug-lever responding.
(18) When reinforcement was not available, each lever response produced a 0.5-sec green light on the key.
(19) Rats implanted with placebo pellets and given access to morphine reestablished lever pressing, while those given access to isotonic saline extinguished their lever pressing.
(20) Levels of acetylcholine were significantly elevated in the telencephalon and diencephalon + mesencephalon of rats killed by near-freezing during conditioned suppression of food-reinforced lever pressing, whereas levels of serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine were not altered.
Throttle
Definition:
(n.) The windpipe, or trachea; the weasand.
(n.) The throttle valve.
(v. t.) To compress the throat of; to choke; to strangle.
(v. t.) To utter with breaks and interruption, in the manner of a person half suffocated.
(v. t.) To shut off, or reduce flow of, as steam to an engine.
(v. i.) To have the throat obstructed so as to be in danger of suffocation; to choke; to suffocate.
(v. i.) To breathe hard, as when nearly suffocated.
Example Sentences:
(1) Talking this week to several, I heard the same story of exorbitant fees and shocking interest rates throttling real production, while Adair Turner's "socially useless" financial products attract limitless bubble credit.
(2) If the prime minister does not invite a contest, then the right thing is for the key cabinet names mentioned above to throttle any further coup attempts, to rally round him, shut up about his many weaknesses, and slog on, in the best spirit possible.
(3) Brin's contention that censorship and "walled gardens", such as Apple's operating systems and Facebook's world of applications, will throttle the world of free and linked information on which Google has built its fortune may be right.
(4) Some of Rio's most impressive architecture can still be found in and around Praça XV, but it has been throttled by modernity, its colonial charm obliterated by a concrete flyover, now black and decrepit, built directly over the top of it.
(5) The simple windkessel, throttle, and atrium principle was used for the mock loop design presented.
(6) It is the difficulty in transmitting the truth of violence.” Last year, Louis, who has been compared to the Norwegian autobiographical novelist Karl Ove Knausgaard , published his second book, Histoire de la Violence (story of violence), based on an incident when he was throttled and raped by an Algerian man he picked up in the street on Christmas Eve.
(7) Therefore, the findings that calcium antagonists could dose-dependently throttle the insulin output after addition of glucose in pancreas perfusion experiments in vitro were of considerable concern.
(8) That day, the European Union’s special envoy, Carl Bildt, met Mladic and Miloševic while the killing machine was at full throttle, though he seems not to have mentioned the massacre.
(9) Harwood, 45, who was found not guilty of Tomlinson's manslaughter on Thursday, had repeatedly been accused of using excessive force during his career, including claims he punched, throttled, kneed and unlawfully arrested people.
(10) The same number had turned up for the morning session, in which she won her heat in the style of Usain Bolt, getting out of the throttle with 25 metres to go and freewheeling home several lengths ahead of her nearest competitor.
(11) To let the BBC throttle the news market, and get bigger to compensate."
(12) The revolutionary volunteers have churned out caricatures of Gaddafi being throttled until money pops from his throat, and of him naked and alone on a desert island with a slogan that says he is with the only friend he has in the world.
(13) A review of the records of 112 nonsurvivors and 59 survivors of strangulation revealed that hyoid bone and laryngotracheal fractures occurred in both groups, particularly in throttling victims.
(14) 7.46pm: There are 4 categories of unexpected acceleration, says Toyoda, in rather scholarly fashion - problems with electronic throttles, the way the vehicle's used, the structure of the car and the structure of the parts.
(15) The cases and means of homicidal cases were classified by cutlery and pointed weapons: 243 cases, strangulation and throttling: 104 cases, blunt or similar ones: 96 cases, fire arms (pistol or hunting gun): 35 cases, poisoning: 8 cases, murder by fire: 4 cases, and 6 other cases.
(16) If they ignore two warning letters, persistent illegal filesharers should have their broadband connections throttled "to a level which would render filesharing of media files impractical while leaving basic email and web access", according to a statement after the meeting.
(17) Recommendations to minimize the number and severity of snowmobiling injuries in children include an education program for both adults and their children, use of lightweight cowling to protect the legs, incorporation of a governor on the throttle to prevent excessive speeds, and use of a restraint for children travelling as passengers on the snowmobile.
(18) By thoracic aortic throttling, spinal cord blood flow patterns have been differentiated to be of 3 types.
(19) Bloated bureaucracies slow to act and which throttle enterprise, creativity and freedom.
(20) Choi Jeong-ho, a senior official at South Korea's ministry of land, infrastructure and transport, said investigators confirmed the auto throttle was in an armed position, and an exact analysis on whether the automatic throttle system worked will be possible after an analysis on the plane's black box.