(n.) One of a class of cellular, flowerless plants, (technically called Lichenes), having no distinction of leaf and stem, usually of scaly, expanded, frond-like forms, but sometimes erect or pendulous and variously branched. They derive their nourishment from the air, and generate by means of spores. The species are very widely distributed, and form irregular spots or patches, usually of a greenish or yellowish color, upon rocks, trees, and various bodies, to which they adhere with great tenacity. They are often improperly called rock moss or tree moss.
(n.) A name given to several varieties of skin disease, esp. to one characterized by the eruption of small, conical or flat, reddish pimples, which, if unchecked, tend to spread and produce great and even fatal exhaustion.
Example Sentences:
(1) The vulvar white keratotic lesions which have been subjected to histological examination in Himeji National Hospital (1973-1987) included 13 cases in benign dermatoses, 4 cases in vulvar epithelial hyperplasia, 3 cases in lichen sclerosus, and 3 cases in lichen sclerosus with foci of epithelial hyperplasia.
(2) The counts of EAC-receptor carrying neutrophils were two times lower in the patients with erosive ulcerative lichen planus as against those with the typical form of the disease.
(3) The abundance of adhesion molecules on leukocytes and keratinocytes in oral lichen planus is indicative of a special state of activation.
(4) The cases were all consecutive patients with a new diagnosis of lichen planus, and the controls were patients under dermatological care observed under the same conditions.
(5) The purpose of this investigation was to specifically identify T cells, B cells, and histiocytes in the infiltrate typically seen in lichen planus.
(6) In an ultrastructural study of oral lesions in lichen planus, it was found that some plasma cells have an associated lamina densa.
(7) Oral lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory disease of adult onset.
(8) Eighteen lichens from a variety of habitats were treated with 4-chlorobiphenyl (4-CB).
(9) In lichen planus, the cells appeared more dendritic and equal numbers of CD1, HLADR, HLADP and HLADQ positive cells were found, with significantly more HLADP (P less than 0.01) and HLADQ (P less than 0.05) positive cells than in normal mucosa.
(10) In a 45-year-old patient with an unusual clinical course of wide-spread cutaneous and oral lichen planus as well as pemphigus vulgaris of the oral cavity, both refractory to standard therapy, a Castleman tumour was suspected.
(11) A case of Lichen aureus in a 15-year old boy is presented.
(12) Specifically, we were able to make a diagnosis of psoriasis in four cases, lichen planus in three cases, and Darier's disease in one case.
(13) Lichen planus is a common disorder of unknown aetiology.
(14) The result of topical treatment by dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) in a patient with lichen amyloidosus is reported.
(15) Additionally, a lichenoid inflammatory infiltrate is seen at the periphery of the verrucous lesions, and in one case this has the pattern of classic lichen sclerosus.
(16) This feature can be found in several dermatoses and particularly in lichen striatus and acantholytic linear naevus.
(17) The relative incidence of this condition, compared with the incidence of all forms of lichen planus, was smaller than that reported in the literature.
(18) In lichen planus, an increase both in the number of Langerhans cells and the numbers expressing CD4 were found in areas of keratinocyte HLADR expression compared with HLADR negative areas and with normal oral mucosa.
(19) Focal areas of established lichenoid reaction, that are indistinguishable from lichen planus, are common.
(20) The high incidence of familial lichen planus supports the hypothesis that genetic factors are of etiologic importance in lichen planus.
Mildew
Definition:
(n.) A growth of minute powdery or webby fungi, whitish or of different colors, found on various diseased or decaying substances.
(v. t.) To taint with mildew.
(v. i.) To become tainted with mildew.
Example Sentences:
(1) We have used bulked segregant analysis to identify three random amplified polymorphic DNA markers in lettuce linked to a gene for resistance to downy mildew.
(2) The experimental bees revealed the typical clinical picture and characteristic symptoms of mildew toxicosis and high lethality.
(3) Of the three main groups of pesticides (insecticides, fungicides and herbicides), fungicides have probably the longest history, dating back to the accidental discovery in 1882 of Bordeaux mixture and the value of copper-based preparations for the control of vine downy mildew disease.
(4) However, it inhibited some Mycobacterium and Rhodotorula, and it showed excellent control of powdery mildew of barley plants in greenhouse tests at concentrations between 31.2 and 62.5 ppm.
(5) We report here the complete amino acid sequence of a pathogen-induced putative peroxidase from wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) as deduced from cDNA clones representing mRNA from leaves infected with the powdery mildew fungus Erysiphe graminis.
(6) A population of Arabidopsis thaliana growing locally in a suburb of Zürich called Weiningen was observed to be infected with downy mildew.
(7) A full length cDNA of a barley leaf messenger, found to increase in amount during infection attempts by the powdery mildew fungus (Erysiphe graminis), is characterized.
(8) Wheat (Triticum aestivum) exhibits local acquired resistance to the powdery mildew pathogen Erysiphe graminis f. sp.
(9) He lives in a mildewed dorm room and cooks halal food for himself, subsisting on a steady diet of vegetable fried rice.
(10) Prince Charles has likened it to "a mildewed lump of elephant droppings".
(11) Recent reports from Northern China indicate that 3-NPA is also likely to be responsible for the development of putaminal necrosis with delayed dystonia in children after ingestion of mildewed sugar cane.
(12) Analysis of honey produced by suffering families indicated that the samples are highly positive for mildew affected honey and negative for other poisons.
(13) A taxonomic study of strain B-98891, which produced an antibiotic effective against powdery mildew of barley, identified it as Streptoverticillium rimofaciens.
(14) A search for practically valuable mutant genes conferring resistance to barley powdery mildew applied a screening system where four commercial varieties of barley without known genes for resistance were tested to the successful mildew race D1.
(15) In a previous publication the writers described a new pulmonary disease in rural workers who sprayed vineyards with Bordeaux Mixture, a copper sulfate solution neutralized with hydrated lime for the prevention of mildew.
(16) Food mildewed by this fungus induced forestomach tumours in rats.
(17) The amount of alpha-bromocinnamaldehyde (BCA), an anti-mildew agent, in some commercial products, was examined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using the following conditions: column, Nucleosil 50-5 (Nagel, 250 mm x 4.6 mm i.d.
(18) Alongside the mildewed copies of Oui , Hustler and Playboy , were stacks of Film Quarterly whose pages were charged with erotica, drama, and – best of all – a lot of European men .
(19) A random cDNA clone was identified as distinguishing near-isogenic lines for downy mildew resistance in lettuce.
(20) Genetical analyses of these dominant resistant lines included crosses to susceptible material, crosses to the ml-o variety 'Refoma', crosses among the lines, crosses to sources of known dominant resistance genes, and tests to a panel of 30 different races of barley powdery mildew.