(v. t.) To convert into wood or into a ligneous substance.
(v. i.) To become wood.
Example Sentences:
(1) The parenchyma located close to the sclerenchyma became indigestible as the cell walls lignified progressively from the third stage.
(2) The recently isolated ruminal sporeforming cellulolytic anaerobe Clostridium longisporum B6405 was examined for its ability to degrade barley straw, nonlignified cell walls (mesophyll and epidermis) and lignified cell walls (fiber) of ryegrass, and alfalfa cell walls in comparison with strains of Ruminococcus albus.
(3) The NEL of hay crops and corn silages also were predicted from an expression of lignified NDF in DM with moderate precision.
(4) Consequently, study of medicinal potential, especially immunopotentiating capacity, of lignified materials is important.
(5) The increase in the digestibility of the treated straw was due to the greater access the micro-organisms had to the polysaccharides of the lignified walls.
(6) With the exception of the phloem and the crown of the parenchyma, which borders the medullary lacuna, the walls of the tissues of both treated and untreated straw were lignified.
(7) Smaller particles in the rumen and F appeared to contain more lignin (determined histochemically) and were composed of indigestible fragments of cuticle and lignified vascular tissue.
(8) The data suggest that the polymerized phenolic structure of lignified materials is responsible for the anti-influenza A virus activity.
(9) After treatment of the bran with alkali, the extent of degradation was increased three-fold as a result of saponification of ester cross-links which facilitated increased degradation of the polymers from both the aleurone and outer, lignified, layers.
(10) With an appropriate eliciting agent, intravenous administration of natural lignified substances transiently induced endogenous production of a cytotoxic factor (possibly tumor necrosis factor) in normal mice.
(11) Possible physiological relevance of the stimulation of iodination by lignified substances is discussed.
(12) Filaments and rod and coccal forms of the microbe degraded rigid forage cell walls and lignified, thick-walled sclerenchymal cells.
(13) SbPRP1 expression increased within epidermal cells in the elongating and mature regions of the hypocotyl; expression was detected also in lignified cells surrounding the hilum of mature seeds.
(14) Two other cell-wall preparations, representing lignified walls of dicotyledons and unlignified walls of vegetative parts of grasses and cereals (monocotyledons belonging to the family Poaceae), adsorbed DNP much more effectively.
(15) Natural lignified material and dehydrogenation polymers, but not their precursors, effectively inhibited the cytopathic effect of HIV infection in both these cells as well as in MT-4 and MOLT-4 cells.
(16) When sections or leaf pieces are stained in aqueous 0.05% toluidine blue O, then placed in 20% calcium chloride solution, all tissues destain except those with lignified or partially lignified cell walls.
(17) The application of the new method makes possible fast and direct detection of the pathogen in lignified plant tissues, a goal not previously achieved when a cloned probe and a dot-blot test were employed.
(18) Lignin was also localized in secondary walls of tracheary elements, sites known to be highly lignified.
(19) After 48 h of culture, all non-lignified tissues observed by scanning electron microscopy disappeared with P communis and degradation was as complete as that observed in the rumen.
(20) Various natural lignified materials and synthetic dehydrogenation polymers (the so-called synthetic lignins) prepared from several phenylpropenoids were investigated for their mitogenic activity.
Rigid
Definition:
(a.) Firm; stiff; unyielding; not pliant; not flexible.
(a.) Hence, not lax or indulgent; severe; inflexible; strict; as, a rigid father or master; rigid discipline; rigid criticism; a rigid sentence.
Example Sentences:
(1) By the 1860s, French designs were using larger front wheels and steel frames, which although lighter were more rigid, leading to its nickname of “boneshaker”.
(2) Diphenoxylate-induced hypoxia was the major problem and was associated with slow or fast respirations, hypotonia or rigidity, cardiac arrest, and in 3 cases cerebral edema and death.
(3) Pitlike surface structures seen in negatively stained whole cells and thin sections were correlated with periodically spaced perforations of the rigid sacculus.
(4) Rigidly fixing the pubic symphysis stiffened the model and resulted in principal stress patterns that did not reflect trabecular density or orientations as well as those of the deformable pubic symphysis model.
(5) The fracture can be treated arthroscopically by rigid internal fixation, while at the same time treating possible associated lesions.
(6) This study examined the extent to which normal learners identified as cognitively rigid could use alternate strategies when instructed to do so.
(7) In some patients stimulation can reduce rigidity and coactivation of muscles immediately or slowly over days or months.
(8) Major alleviation of the rigidity and bradykinesia with chronic oral l-dopa therapy was not accompanied by any change in the silent period.
(9) At clinically achievable concentrations, the combination of nafcillin plus gentamicin produced enhanced killing against 13 of 14 strains of enterococci and was synergistic (by very rigid criteria) against 10 of 14 strains.
(10) Low-temperature NMR studies indicate that 5 is more rigid than tamoxifen; interconversion between enantiomeric conformers is slow on the NMR time scale at -75 degrees C.
(11) Global 'abnormality', hunching (rigid arching of back), hindlimb abduction, forepaw myoclonus, stereotyped lateral head movements, backing, and immobility occurred significantly only in drug-treated rats.
(12) A study was made of twelve cases with uveitis, glaucoma and hyphema (UGH) caused by rigid intraocular posterior chamber implants.
(13) Eight alpha-helices behave as relatively rigid bodies and corner regions are more flexible, showing larger fluctuations.
(14) This modification allows for precision of movement, ease of repositioning, and adaptation of rigid skeletal stabilization of mobilized osseous segments in the chin.
(15) The pedicle screw systems were always the most rigid.
(16) Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels and subunit isozyme patterns in cornea were monitored in 36 albino rabbits wearing thick, rigid, gas-permeable contact lenses for periods of 24 h, 2 and 7 days, and 1 and 3 months.
(17) The prevalence of sleep apnea, apnea index, duration of the longest episode of apnea, and penile rigidity were tabulated.
(18) During the last 21 months, 12 additional children have been managed with a more stringent protocol combining neck immobilization in a rigid cervical brace for 3 months and restriction of both contact and noncontact sports, together with a major emphasis on patient compliance.
(19) In the second placebo controlled experiment 150 mg im testosterone enanthate administration was associated with enhanced rigidity of NPT but with no effect on frequency or circumference change of NPT and no effect on frequency of REM.
(20) The whole isolator system included two rigid supply isolators, too.