What's the difference between lobbyist and promoter?

Lobbyist


Definition:

  • (n.) A member of the lobby; a person who solicits members of a legislature for the purpose of influencing legislation.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) We could do with similar action to cut out botnets and spam, but there aren't any big-money lobbyists coming to Mandelson pleading loss of business through those.
  • (2) Many politicians spend most of their time surrounded by other politicians, the media, lobbyists and advisers who are all very well informed about politics.
  • (3) Almost half of the European People's Party and European centre-right groups met with PMI's lobbyists, the documents show.
  • (4) We have a preselection system which has been manipulated so that all the real power has ended up in the hands of three or four people, with maybe a dozen others who do their bidding, and those people become very attractive to the commercial world and to lobbyists because they have power within the party and over many of the sitting politicians,” says Ruddick of the NSW Liberal party .
  • (5) Party conferences are always weird melanges of loyal door-knockers, lobbyists, journalists and parliamentarians enjoying a few days of stolen glamour.
  • (6) Francis Maude, the Cabinet Office minister, said he would be astonished if the coalition had not enacted a lobbyists' register and a power to recall errant MPs by 2015.
  • (7) At parliament house, lobbyists queued to see ministers and bombarded new members of parliament with detailed submissions.
  • (8) The big eight lobbyists In our report we investigated how eight big, influential trade associations – which either represent particular industrial sectors or claim to represent all business interests in the EU – lobby on EU climate policy.
  • (9) He had raised the possibility of calling witnesses to testify "if it really is the case that legitimate lobbyists could be paid 30% of the value of a $40m contract simply as recompense for their time and trouble".
  • (10) Attention will now be turned to government plans, set to be announced on Tuesday, to introduce a compulsory register of lobbyists.
  • (11) "This is not necessarily a sign of failure," said Michelle Richardson, the ACLU's surveillance lobbyist.
  • (12) The 32-year-old Dutchman was working as an HIV lobbyist, trying to convince the Dutch government to allocate more money to finance Aids programmes in regions where it will make the biggest difference.
  • (13) The political role of business corporations is generally interpreted as that of lobbyists, seeking to influence government policy.
  • (14) The government's early defence of Jeremy Hunt against the barrage of criticism over his apparent closeness to News Corp centred on the charge that Frédéric Michel , News Corp's in-house lobbyist, had exaggerated, even outright distorted, accounts of his contact with Hunt and his team.
  • (15) Reform lobbyists claim to advocate for the inclusion of immigrants, but they rarely – if ever – include us at the table.
  • (16) Isolationist?” scoffed McKeon, a former chairman of the House armed services committee whom Saudi Arabia recently hired as a lobbyist .
  • (17) Senator Ron Wyden of Oregon, who released the report, acknowledged the influence of drug companies and their lobbyists on Congress but he has also been critical of their sway over federal institutions.
  • (18) But now people are thinking about the public school elites, aristocracy, City of London investment bankers, corporate lobbyists, and the imperialist warmongers, apologists and conspirators in the media, not as instruments of good government and a healthy democracy, but as dangerous impediments to it.
  • (19) But the biggest change has been the recent hire as convention manager of Paul Manafort, a veteran Republican operative and lobbyist who oversaw Gerald Ford’s successful efforts at the 1976 Republican convention.
  • (20) It is time that liberals everywhere saw the EU for what it is – essentially a stitch-up between the very biggest corporations, their lobbyists and the commission to frame regulation in such a way as to keep out the competition, especially … from start-ups and innovators,” he said.

Promoter


Definition:

  • (n.) One who, or that which, forwards, advances, or promotes; an encourager; as, a promoter of charity or philosophy.
  • (n.) Specifically, one who sets on foot, and takes the preliminary steps in, a scheme for the organization of a corporation, a joint-stock company, or the like.
  • (n.) One who excites; as, a promoter of sedition.
  • (n.) An informer; a makebate.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) The findings indicate that there is still a significant incongruence between the value structure of most family practice units and that of their institutions but that many family practice units are beginning to achieve parity of promotion and tenure with other departments in their institutions.
  • (2) Comparison of wild type and the mutant parD promoter sequences indicated that three short repeats are likely involved in the negative regulation of this promoter.
  • (3) The promoters of the adenovirus 2 major late gene, the mouse beta-globin gene, the mouse immunoglobulin VH gene and the LTR of the human T-lymphotropic retrovirus type I were tested for their transcription activities in cell-free extracts of four cell lines; HeLa, CESS (Epstein-Barr virus-transformed human B cell line), MT-1 (HTLV-I-infected human T cell line without viral protein synthesis), and MT-2 (HTLV-I-infected human T cell line producing viral proteins).
  • (4) We also show that the gene of the main capsid protein is expressed from its own promoter in an Escherichia coli strain.
  • (5) In contrast, the effects of deltamethrin and cypermethrin promote transmitter release by a Na+ dependent process.
  • (6) The effects of hormonal promotion of T24-ras oncogene-transfected rat embryo fibroblasts (REF) were compared to cotransformation of these cells with adenovirus E1A and ras.
  • (7) Pokeweed mitogen-stimulated rat spleen cells were identified as a reliable source of rat burst-promoting activity (PBA), which permitted development of a reproducible assay for rat bone marrow erythroid burst-forming units (BFU-E).
  • (8) 4) Parents imagined that fruit drinks, carbonated beverages and beverages with lactic acid promoted tooth decay.
  • (9) This promotion of repetitive activity by the introduction of additional potassium channels occurred up to an "optimal" value beyond which a further increase in paranodal potassium permeability narrowed the range of currents with a repetitive response.
  • (10) They have actively intervened with governments, and particularly so in Africa.” José Luis Castro, president and chief executive officer of Vital Strategies, an organisation that promotes public health in developing countries, said: “The danger of tobacco is not an old story; it is the present.
  • (11) It is time to start over with an approach to promoting wellbeing in foreign countries that is empirical rather than ideological.
  • (12) The yeasts amounts used did not protect the test animals from the kidney infiltration with lipids and cholesterol; 12 g of yeasts per 100 g of the ration promoted elevation of sialic acid content in the blood plasma.
  • (13) Tumor promoting phorbol esters (1-1000 nM) could also inhibit PGE2 stimulated cAMP production dose dependently.
  • (14) The data indicate that adult neurons with an intrinsic ability to regenerate axons can respond to substances with neurotrophic or neurite-promoting activities in tissue cultures.
  • (15) The 21K peptide had little direct effect on the selection of promoters in vitro as measured by this technique, but it dramatically increased the translatability of the product.
  • (16) It was found that these Hageman factor fragments promoted rapid proteolysis of one-chain factor VII to a more active two-chain form.
  • (17) As a result, trnK is under the control of the psbA promoter in this species and has therefore acquired psbA-like expression characteristics.
  • (18) Genetic regulation of the ilvGMEDA cluster involves attenuation, internal promoters, internal Rho-dependent termination sites, a site of polarity in the ilvG pseudogene of the wild-type organism, and autoregulation by the ilvA gene product, the biosynthetic L-threonine deaminase.
  • (19) One promoter factors is identical to u-EBP-E, an enhancer binding protein.
  • (20) Endogeneous satellite cells in skeletal muscle regenerating from bupivacaine damage were infected with an injected retrovirus containing the Escherichia coli beta-galactosidase gene under the promoter control of the Moloney murine leukemia virus long-terminal repeat.

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