What's the difference between loss and sum?

Loss


Definition:

  • (v. t.) The act of losing; failure; destruction; privation; as, the loss of property; loss of money by gaming; loss of health or reputation.
  • (v. t.) The state of losing or having lost; the privation, defect, misfortune, harm, etc., which ensues from losing.
  • (v. t.) That which is lost or from which one has parted; waste; -- opposed to gain or increase; as, the loss of liquor by leakage was considerable.
  • (v. t.) The state of being lost or destroyed; especially, the wreck or foundering of a ship or other vessel.
  • (v. t.) Failure to gain or win; as, loss of a race or battle.
  • (v. t.) Failure to use advantageously; as, loss of time.
  • (v. t.) Killed, wounded, and captured persons, or captured property.
  • (v. t.) Destruction or diminution of value, if brought about in a manner provided for in the insurance contract (as destruction by fire or wreck, damage by water or smoke), or the death or injury of an insured person; also, the sum paid or payable therefor; as, the losses of the company this year amount to a million of dollars.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Tryptic digestion of the membranes caused complete disappearance of the binding activity, but heat-treatment for 5 min at 70 degrees C caused only 40% loss of activity.
  • (2) These studies, in addition to demonstrating that the placenta contains TRH deamidase activity, suggest that losses of fetal TRH through the placenta are not large.
  • (3) Our results indicate that increasing the delay for more than 8 days following irradiation and TCD syngeneic BMT leads to a rapid loss of the ability to achieve alloengraftment by non-TCD allogeneic bone marrow.
  • (4) Even with hepatic lipase, phospholipid hydrolysis could not deplete VLDL and IDL of sufficient phospholipid molecules to account for the loss of surface phospholipid that accompanies triacylglycerol hydrolysis and decreasing core volume as LDL is formed (or for conversion of HDL2 to HDL3).
  • (5) Histological studies of nerves 2 years following irradiation demonstrated loss of axons and myelin, with a corresponding increase in endoneurial, perineurial, and epineurial connective tissue.
  • (6) The stages of mourning involve cognitive learning of the reality of the loss; behaviours associated with mourning, such as searching, embody unlearning by extinction; finally, physiological concomitants of grief may influence unlearning by direct effects on neurotransmitters or neurohormones, such as cortisol, ACTH, or norepinephrine.
  • (7) Moreover, in DCVC-treated cells the mitochondria could not be stained with rhodamine-123, indicating severe mitochondrial damage and loss of membrane potential.
  • (8) Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) afforded significant protection only at the very highest concentration (5.0 mM); inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) did not protect against loss of latency at any concentration.
  • (9) The west Africa Ebola epidemic “Few global events match epidemics and pandemics in potential to disrupt human security and inflict loss of life and economic and social damage,” he said.
  • (10) Thus, it appears that neuronal loss may account for up to roughly half of the striatal D2 receptor loss during aging.
  • (11) Hearing loss at 8 kHz would shorten the I-V interval, while a loss at 4 kHz would be expected to lengthen the interval.
  • (12) It is concluded the decrease in cellular volume associated with substitution of serosal gluconate for Cl results in a loss of highly specific Ba2+-sensitive K+ conductance channels from the basolateral plasma membrane.
  • (13) With prolonged ischemia, it is only transient and is followed by a gradual loss of the adenylyl cyclase activity.
  • (14) A murine keratinocyte cell line that is resistant to the growth-inhibitory effects of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF beta 1) was examined for differential gene expression patterns that may be related to the mechanism of the loss of TGF beta 1 responsiveness.
  • (15) Periodontal disease activity is defined clinically by progressive loss of probing attachment and radiographically by progressive loss of alveolar bone.
  • (16) But not only did it post a larger loss than expected, Amazon also projected 7% to 18% revenue growth over the busiest shopping period of the year, a far cry from the 20%-plus pace that had convinced investors to overlook its persistent lack of profit in the past.
  • (17) The findings confirm and quantitate the severe atrophy of the neostriatum, in addition to demonstrating a severe loss of cerebral cortex and subcortical white matter in HD.
  • (18) We could do with similar action to cut out botnets and spam, but there aren't any big-money lobbyists coming to Mandelson pleading loss of business through those.
  • (19) The triad of epigastric pain unrelieved by antacids, bilious vomiting, and weight loss, particularly after a gastric operation should make one suspect this syndrome.
  • (20) The temporary loss of a family member through deployment brings unique stresses to a family in three different stages: predeployment, survival, and reunion.

Sum


Definition:

  • (n.) The aggregate of two or more numbers, magnitudes, quantities, or particulars; the amount or whole of any number of individuals or particulars added together; as, the sum of 5 and 7 is 12.
  • (n.) A quantity of money or currency; any amount, indefinitely; as, a sum of money; a small sum, or a large sum.
  • (n.) The principal points or thoughts when viewed together; the amount; the substance; compendium; as, this is the sum of all the evidence in the case; this is the sum and substance of his objections.
  • (n.) Height; completion; utmost degree.
  • (n.) A problem to be solved, or an example to be wrought out.
  • (v. t.) To bring together into one whole; to collect into one amount; to cast up, as a column of figures; to ascertain the totality of; -- usually with up.
  • (v. t.) To bring or collect into a small compass; to comprise in a few words; to condense; -- usually with up.
  • (v. t.) To have (the feathers) full grown; to furnish with complete, or full-grown, plumage.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Median effect analysis was applied for the evaluation of in vitro effect by the growth inhibition, and the in vivo effect by comparison of the increase of life span (ILS) in a combined group with the sum of ILS's in 2 single agent groups.
  • (2) Sonographic images of the gallbladder enable satisfactory approximation of gallbladder volume using the sum-of-cylinders method.
  • (3) It is shown that, by comparison of a reacting mixture at chemical equilibrium with a non-reacting but equally composed one, the sum of the mean concentrations of the reaction products can immediately be taken from optical absorption or from interferometric measurements.
  • (4) The visitors did have a chance to pull another back with three minutes remaining but Henry blazed a free-kick from within range on the left over the bar, summing up Wolves’ day out in the East Midlands.
  • (5) The norms are reported as "Scaled Score Equivalents of Raw Scores" for each age group and as "IQ Equivalents of Sums of Scaled Scores."
  • (6) The molar refractivity has been shown to be a superior parameter for the description of the activity of sulphonamides than the sum of electronegativities of atoms making up a heterocyclic substituent in the sulphonamide molecule and molecular weight of the substituent.
  • (7) Part of his initial lump sum will be donated to a fund to replace a hall destroyed by fire in an arson attack four years ago at St Luke’s Church in Newton Poppleford.
  • (8) The length of the diaphragmatic wall of the heart in both the right and left ventricle was equal to the sum of the length of the inflow tract and the thickness of the ventricular wall at the apex.
  • (9) Nickname: SuperSarko the Omnipresident Quote: "What made me who I am now is the sum of all the humiliations suffered during childhood."
  • (10) This structure is further characterized by approaches of both the carbonyl and the furan O atoms to ring H atoms with separations which are slightly less than the sum of the relevant van der Waals radii.
  • (11) The amount of gallium in 'blood-free' tissues was measured by correcting for gallium in residual blood and an estimate of intestinal absorption was then made by summing the values for all tissues examined.
  • (12) Enzyme levels in strains with concurrent mutations in both regulatory genes are considerably higher than the sum of the levels in strains with a cytR or a deoR mutation alone, indicating a certain co-operativity between the two repressor proteins.
  • (13) Transfer of nonprofessional tasks out of nursing and reduction of tension arising from reduced responsibility of nurses for coordinating activities with ancillary departments are possible explanations for the positive relation between the presence of SUM and professional nurses' satisfaction.
  • (14) The Soret MCD of the reduced protein is interpreted as th sum of two MCD curves: an intense, asymmetric MCD band very similar to that exhibited by deoxymyoglobin which we assign to paramagnetic high spin cytochrome a3(2+) and a weaker, more symmetric MCD contribution, which is attributed to diamagnetic low spin cytochrome a2+.
  • (15) In sum, these studies demonstrate the novel phospholipid ceramide 1-phosphate in HL-60 cells and suggest the possibility that a path exists from sphingomyelin to ceramide 1-phosphate via the phosphorylation of ceramide.
  • (16) During bilateral displacements, the activity induced by the respective contralateral leg is linearly summed or subtracted, depending on whether the legs are displaced in the same or in opposite directions.
  • (17) Binaural difference waves (BDWs), obtained by subtracting the sum of two monaural BAEPs from a binaural BAEP, were obtained in 16- to 20-day-old jaundiced Gunn rats before and after injection of sulfadimethoxine, which produces bilirubin neurotoxicity by promoting net transfer of bilirubin out of the circulation into brain tissue.
  • (18) The index was calculated by dividing the sum of the count rates over both knees and both wrists by the dose of technetium given.
  • (19) A "peeling" technique was used to estimate the time constants (tau 0 and tau 1) and coefficients (a0 and a1) of the first two exponential terms of the series of exponential terms whose sum represented the slope of the voltage response.
  • (20) To determine the effectiveness of nitroglycerin, alone or with phenylephrine, during AMI in man, 12 patients (five or whom had left heart failure) were evaluated by summing ST-segment abnormalities (sigmaST) from 35 precordial electrodes.

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